Events
January–March
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
** The total
solar eclipse of January 1, 1889
A total solar eclipse occurred on January 1, 1889. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's ...
is seen over parts of
California
California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
and
Nevada
Nevada ( ; ) is a state in the Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the 7th-most extensive, ...
.
** Paiute spiritual leader
Wovoka
Wovoka (c. 1856 - September 20, 1932), also known as Jack Wilson, was the Paiute religious leader who founded a second episode of the Ghost Dance movement. Wovoka means "cutter" or "wood cutter" in the Northern Paiute language.
Biography
Wovo ...
experiences a vision, leading to the start of the
Ghost Dance movement in the Dakotas.
*
January 4 – An Act to Regulate Appointments in the Marine Hospital Service of the United States is signed by President
Grover Cleveland
Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837June 24, 1908) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. Cleveland is the only president in American ...
. It establishes a Commissioned Corps of officers, as a predecessor to the modern-day U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
* 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...
–
Preston North End F.C.
Preston North End Football Club, commonly referred to as Preston, North End or PNE, is a professional football club in Preston, Lancashire, England, who currently play in the EFL Championship, the second tier of the English football league syste ...
is declared the winner of the
inaugural Football League in England.
*
January 8 –
Herman Hollerith
Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 – November 17, 1929) was a German-American statistician, inventor, and businessman who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and, later, i ...
receives a patent for his electric
tabulating machine
The tabulating machine was an electromechanical machine designed to assist in summarizing information stored on punched cards. Invented by Herman Hollerith, the machine was developed to help process data for the 1890 U.S. Census. Later model ...
in the United States.
*
January 15 –
The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company is an American multinational beverage corporation founded in 1892, best known as the producer of Coca-Cola. The Coca-Cola Company also manufactures, sells, and markets other non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrup ...
is originally
incorporated as the Pemberton Medicine Company in
Atlanta
Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,715 ...
,
Georgia
Georgia most commonly refers to:
* Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States
Georgia may also refer to:
Places
Historical states and entities
* Related to the ...
.
*
January 22 –
Columbia Phonograph
Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the North American division of Japanese conglomerate Sony. It was founded on January 15, 1889, evolving from the A ...
is formed in Washington, D.C.
![Rudolph & mary](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Rudolph_%26_mary.jpg)
*
January 30 –
Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria
en, Rudolph Francis Charles Joseph
, caption = Rudolf in 1887
, spouse =
, issue = Elisabeth Marie, Princess Otto of Windisch-Graetz
, house = Habsburg-Lorraine
, father = Franz Joseph I of Austria
, mother ...
and his mistress
Baroness Mary Vetsera
Baroness Marie Alexandrine "Mary" von Vetsera (19 March 1871 – 30 January 1889) was an Austrian noblewoman and the mistress of Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria. Vetsera and the crown prince were found dead at his hunting lodge in Mayerling on 3 ...
commit a double suicide (or a murder-suicide) in the
Mayerling
Mayerling is a small village (pop. 200) in Lower Austria belonging to the municipality of Alland in the district of Baden. It is situated on the Schwechat river, in the Wienerwald (''Vienna woods''), southwest of Vienna. From 1550, it was in t ...
hunting lodge.
*
February 5 – The first issue of ''
Glasgow University Magazine'' is published in Scotland.
*
February 15 – The first issue of ''
La Solidaridad'' is published in Spain.
*
February 11 – The
Meiji Constitution
The Constitution of the Empire of Japan (Kyūjitai: ; Shinjitai: , ), known informally as the Meiji Constitution (, ''Meiji Kenpō''), was the constitution of the Empire of Japan which was proclaimed on February 11, 1889, and remained in for ...
of Japan is adopted; the 1st
Diet of Japan convenes in
1890.
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
–
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
* President (education), a leader of a college or university
* President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
Grover Cleveland
Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837June 24, 1908) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. Cleveland is the only president in American ...
signs a bill admitting
North Dakota
North Dakota () is a U.S. state in the Upper Midwest, named after the indigenous Dakota Sioux. North Dakota is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north and by the U.S. states of Minnesota to the east, So ...
,
South Dakota
South Dakota (; Sioux: , ) is a U.S. state in the North Central region of the United States. It is also part of the Great Plains. South Dakota is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux Native American tribes, who comprise a large porti ...
,
Montana
Montana () is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columb ...
and
Washington
Washington commonly refers to:
* Washington (state), United States
* Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States
** A metonym for the federal government of the United States
** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered o ...
as
U.S. state
In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sove ...
s.
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
–
Benjamin Harrison
Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833March 13, 1901) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 23rd president of the United States from 1889 to 1893. He was a member of the Harrison family of Virginia–a grandson of the ninth pr ...
is
sworn in, as the 23rd President of the United States.
*
March 9
Events Pre-1600
* 141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.
* 1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.
* 1226 &nda ...
–
Battle of Metemma
The Battle of Gallabat (also called the Battle of Metemma) was an armed conflict fought on 9–10 March 1889 between the Mahdist Sudanese and Ethiopian forces. It is a critical event in Ethiopian history because ''Nəgusä Nägäst'' (or Empero ...
:
Yohannes IV
''girmāwī''His Imperial Majesty, spoken= am , ጃንሆይ ''djānhoi''Your Imperial Majesty(lit. "O steemedroyal"), alternative= am , ጌቶቹ ''getochu''Our Lord (familiar)(lit. "Our master" (pl.)) yohanes
Yohannes IV (Tigrinya: ዮሓ ...
,
Emperor of Ethiopia, is killed;
Sudanese forces, who have been almost defeated, rally and destroy the
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
n army. Yohannes is probably the world's last ruler ever to die in battle; on
March 25 Menelik II
, spoken = ; ''djānhoi'', lit. ''"O steemedroyal"''
, alternative = ; ''getochu'', lit. ''"Our master"'' (pl.)
Menelik II ( gez, ዳግማዊ ምኒልክ ; horse name Abba Dagnew ( Amharic: አባ ዳኘው ''abba daññäw''); 17 ...
proclaims himself as his successor.
*
March 11
Events Pre-1600
* 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander.
* 843 – Triumph of Orthodoxy: Empress Theodora II restores the ven ...
– The
North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and ...
Legislature issues a charter for the creation of
Elon College
Elon University is a private university in Elon, North Carolina. Founded in 1889 as Elon College, Elon is organized into six schools, most of which offer bachelor's degrees and several of which offer master's degrees or professional doctorate ...
.
*
March 15
Events Pre-1600
*474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce.
* 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place.
* 493 – Odo ...
–
Samoan crisis
The Samoan Crisis was a standoff between the United States, the German Empire, and the British Empire from 1887 to 1889 over control of the Samoan Islands during the First Samoan Civil War.
Background
In 1878, the United States acquired a fuel ...
: German and American warships keep each other at bay in a standoff in
Apia
Apia () is the capital and largest city of Samoa, as well as the nation's only city. It is located on the central north coast of Upolu, Samoa's second-largest island. Apia falls within the political district (''itūmālō'') of Tuamasaga.
...
Harbor, ending when a
cyclone blows in and sinks them all.
*
March 22
Events Pre-1600
* 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea.
* 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* 871 – Æthelr ...
– English
Association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
team
Sheffield United F.C. is formed at the Adelphi Hotel,
Sheffield
Sheffield is a city in South Yorkshire, England, whose name derives from the River Sheaf which runs through it. The city serves as the administrative centre of the City of Sheffield. It is historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire a ...
.
*
March 23
Events Pre-1600
*1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official.
*1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– Claiming to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi,
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Mirzā Ghulām Ahmad (13 February 1835 – 26 May 1908) was an Indian religious leader and the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement in Islam. He claimed to have been divinely appointed as the promised Messiah and Mahdi—which is the metaphori ...
founds the
Ahmadiyya
Ahmadiyya (, ), officially the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community or the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama'at (AMJ, ar, الجماعة الإسلامية الأحمدية, al-Jamāʿah al-Islāmīyah al-Aḥmadīyah; ur, , translit=Jamā'at Aḥmadiyyah Musl ...
Muslim community in
Punjab Province (British India)
Punjab was a province of British India. Most of the Punjab region was annexed by the East India Company in 2 April 1849, and declared a province of British Rule, it was one of the last areas of the Indian subcontinent to fall under British co ...
.
![Tour eiffel at sunrise from the trocadero](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Tour_eiffel_at_sunrise_from_the_trocadero.jpg)
*
March 31 – The
Eiffel Tower
The Eiffel Tower ( ; french: links=yes, tour Eiffel ) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower.
Locally nicknamed "' ...
is inaugurated in Paris (opens
May 6
Events Pre-1600
* 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance.
* 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...
). At , its height exceeds the previous
tallest structure in the world by . Contemporary critics regard it as aesthetically displeasing.
April–June
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– Following a failed attempt at a coup, French defense minister
Georges Boulanger
Georges Ernest Jean-Marie Boulanger (29 April 1837 – 30 September 1891), nicknamed Général Revanche ("General Revenge"), was a French general and politician. An enormously popular public figure during the second decade of the Third Repub ...
is forced to flee the country.
*
April 10
Events Pre-1600
* 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople.
* 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles).
* 140 ...
– The Hammarby Roddförening (later
Hammarby IF) sports club is founded in
Sweden.
![Oklahoma Land Rush](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Oklahoma_Land_Rush.jpg)
*
April 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil.
* 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico.
*1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern h ...
– At high noon in Oklahoma Territory, thousands rush to claim land in the
Land Rush of 1889
The Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889 was the first land run into the Unassigned Lands of former Indian Territory, which had earlier been assigned to the Creek and Seminole peoples. The area that was opened to settlement included all or part of Canad ...
. Within hours the cities of
Oklahoma City
Oklahoma City (), officially the City of Oklahoma City, and often shortened to OKC, is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, it ranks 20th among United States cities in population, a ...
and
Guthrie are formed, with populations of at least 10,000.
* May –
1889–1890 pandemic of influenza first reported in the city of
Bukhara in the
Central Asia
Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...
n part of the Russian Empire.
*
May 2
Events Pre-1600
* 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.
*1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great.
* 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
–
Menelik II
, spoken = ; ''djānhoi'', lit. ''"O steemedroyal"''
, alternative = ; ''getochu'', lit. ''"Our master"'' (pl.)
Menelik II ( gez, ዳግማዊ ምኒልክ ; horse name Abba Dagnew ( Amharic: አባ ዳኘው ''abba daññäw''); 17 ...
, Emperor of
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
, signs a treaty of amity with Italy, giving Italy control over what will become
Eritrea.
*
May 6
Events Pre-1600
* 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance.
* 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...
– The
Exposition Universelle opens in Paris, with the
Eiffel Tower
The Eiffel Tower ( ; french: links=yes, tour Eiffel ) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower.
Locally nicknamed "' ...
as its entrance arch. The
Galerie des machines
The Galerie des machines (officially: Palais des machines) was a pavilion built for the 1889 Exposition Universelle in Paris. Located in the Grenelle district, the huge pavilion was made of iron, steel and glass.
A similarly-named structure wa ...
, at , spans the longest interior space in the world at this time.
*
May 11 –
Wham Paymaster robbery
The Wham Paymaster robbery ( ) was an armed robbery of a United States Army paymaster and his escort on May 11, 1889, in the Arizona Territory. Major Joseph W. Wham was transporting a payroll consisting of more than US$28,000 in gold and silver ...
: An attack upon a U.S. Army paymaster and escort in the Arizona Territory results in the theft of over $28,000, and the award of two
Medals of Honor.
*
May 28
Events Pre-1600
*585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
– Rubber
tire
A tire (American English) or tyre (British English) is a ring-shaped component that surrounds a wheel's rim to transfer a vehicle's load from the axle through the wheel to the ground and to provide traction on the surface over which t ...
company
Michelin is registered by
Édouard Édouard is both a French given name and a surname, equivalent to Edward in English. Notable people with the name include:
* Édouard Balladur (born 1929), French politician
* Édouard Boubat (1923–1999), French photographer
* Édouard Colonne (1 ...
and
André Michelin
André Jules Michelin (16 January 1853 – 4 April 1931) was a French industrialist who, with his brother Édouard (1859–1940), founded the Michelin Tyre Company (''Compagnie Générale des Établissements Michelin'') in 1888 in the French ...
in
Clermont-Ferrand
Clermont-Ferrand (, ; ; oc, label=Auvergnat, Clarmont-Ferrand or Clharmou ; la, Augustonemetum) is a city and commune of France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, with a population of 146,734 (2018). Its metropolitan area (''aire d'attract ...
,
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
.
*
May 31
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome.
* 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat K ...
**
Johnstown Flood
The Johnstown Flood (locally, the Great Flood of 1889) occurred on Friday, May 31, 1889, after the catastrophic failure of the South Fork Dam, located on the south fork of the Little Conemaugh River, upstream of the town of Johnstown, Pennsylv ...
: The
South Fork Dam
The South Fork Dam was an earthenwork dam forming Lake Conemaugh (formerly Western Reservoir, also known as the Old Reservoir and Three Mile Dam, a misnomer), an artificial body of water near South Fork, Pennsylvania, United States. On May 31, 1 ...
collapses in western
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
, killing more than 2,200 people in and around
Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Johnstown is a city in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 18,411 as of the 2020 census. Located east of Pittsburgh, Johnstown is the principal city of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Statistical Area, whi ...
.
** The
Naval Defence Act dictates that the fleet strength of the British
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against ...
must be equal to that of at least any two other countries.
*
June
June is the sixth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and is the second of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the third of five months to have a length of less than 31 days. June contains the summer solstice in ...
–
Vincent van Gogh
Vincent Willem van Gogh (; 30 March 185329 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who posthumously became one of the most famous and influential figures in Western art history. In a decade, he created about 2,100 artworks, inc ...
paints ''
The Starry Night
''The Starry Night'' ( nl, De sterrennacht) is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Dutch Post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh. Painted in June 1889, it depicts the view from the east-facing window of his asylum room at Saint-Rémy-de-Prove ...
'' at
Saint-Rémy-de-Provence
Saint-Rémy-de-Provence (; Provençal Occitan: ''Sant Romieg de Provença'' in classical and ''Sant Roumié de Prouvènço'' in Mistralian norms) is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Southern France. L ...
.
*
June 3
Events Pre-1600
* 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators.
* 713 – The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, depos ...
– The first long distance
electric power transmission line in the United States is completed, running between a generator at
Willamette Falls
The Willamette Falls is a natural waterfall on the Willamette River between Oregon City, Oregon, Oregon City and West Linn, Oregon, in the United States. It is the largest waterfall in the Northwestern United States by volume, and the seventeen ...
and downtown
Portland, Oregon
Portland (, ) is a port city in the Pacific Northwest and the list of cities in Oregon, largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon. Situated at the confluence of the Willamette River, Willamette and Columbia River, Columbia rivers, Portland is ...
.
*
June 6 – The
Great Seattle Fire
The Great Seattle Fire was a fire that destroyed the entire central business district of Seattle, Washington on June 6, 1889. The conflagration lasted for less than a day, burning through the afternoon and into the night, and during the same sum ...
ravages through the
downtown area without any fatalities.
*
June 12
Events Pre-1600
* 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
* 1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of Fr ...
– The
Armagh rail disaster
The Armagh rail disaster happened on 12 June 1889 near Armagh, County Armagh, in Ireland, when a crowded Sunday school excursion train had to negotiate a steep incline; the steam locomotive was unable to complete the climb and the train stall ...
near
Armagh in Ireland kills 80 people.
*
June 19
Events Pre-1600
* 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea.
*1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle chan ...
– A
Neapolitan
Neapolitan means of or pertaining to Naples, a city in Italy; or to:
Geography and history
* Province of Naples, a province in the Campania region of southern Italy that includes the city
* Duchy of Naples, in existence during the Early and Hig ...
baker named
Raffaele Esposito
Raffaele Esposito () was an Italian chef and owner of a tavern called ''Pizzeria di Pietro e basta così'' ("Pietro's Pizzeria and that's enough") in the 19th century that had been founded in 1780 by Pietro Colicchio. Esposito is considered by som ...
invents the
Pizza Margherita, named after the queen consort of Italy
Margherita of Savoy
Margherita of Savoy (''Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna''; 20 November 1851 – 4 January 1926) was Queen of Italy by marriage to Umberto I.
Life
Early life
Margherita was born to Prince Ferdinand of Savoy, Duke of Genoa and Princess Elisabe ...
. This is the forerunner of the modern pizza.
*
June 26
Events Pre-1600
* 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius.
* 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar.
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...
–
Bangui
Bangui () (or Bangî in Sango, formerly written Bangi in English) is the capital and largest city of the Central African Republic. It was established as a French outpost in 1889 and named after its location on the northern bank of the Ubangi ...
is founded in the
French Congo
The French Congo (french: Congo français) or Middle Congo (french: Moyen-Congo) was a French colony which at one time comprised the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo and parts of Gabon, and the Central African Republic. In 1910, ...
.
*
June 28 – The annular
solar eclipse of June 28, 1889 is visible in Atlantic Ocean, Africa and Indian Ocean, and is the 47th solar eclipse of
Solar Saros 125
Saros cycle
The saros () is a period of exactly 223 synodic months, approximately 6585.3211 days, or 18 years, 10, 11, or 12 days (depending on the number of leap years), and 8 hours, that can be used to predict eclipses of the Sun and Moon. On ...
.
*
June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
* 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
–
30 – First Inter-Parliamentary Conference held.
July–September
*
July 8
** The first issue of ''The Wall Street Journal'' is published in New York City.
** The last official bare-knuckle boxing title fight is held (under London Prize Ring Rules): Heavyweight Champion John L. Sullivan, the ''Boston Strong Boy'', defeats Jake Kilrain in a world championship bout, lasting 75 rounds, in Mississippi.
* July 14 – International Workers Congresses of Paris, 1889, International Workers Congresses of Paris open, and establish the Second International.
* July 15 – The Emperor of Brazil, Pedro II of Brazil, Pedro II, survives an assassination attempt in Rio de Janeiro.
* July 31 – Louise, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom, marries Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife.
* August 3 – Mahdist War: Battle of Toski – Egyptian and British troops are victorious.
* August 4 – The Great Fire (Spokane), The Great Fire of Spokane, Washington destroys some 32 blocks of the city, prompting a mass rebuilding project.
* August 6 – The Savoy Hotel in London opens.
* August 10 – At the Vienna Hofburg, the grand opening ceremony is held for the Imperial Natural History Museum (), begun in 1871; from August 13 to the end of December, the museum counts 175,000 visitors.
* August 14–September 15 – London Dock Strike of 1889, London Dock Strike: Dockers Strike action, strike for a minimum wage of sixpence an hour (''The dockers' tanner''), which they eventually receive (a landmark in the development of New Unionism in Britain).
* August 26 – The Prevention of Cruelty to, and Protection of, Children Act 1889, Prevention of Cruelty to, and Protection of, Children Act, commonly known as the ''Children's Charter'', is passed in the United Kingdom; for the first time it imposes criminal penalties to deter child abuse.
* August 30 – The Royal Mail Mount Pleasant Sorting Office officially opens in London.
* August – The Jewish settlement of Moisés Ville is founded in Argentina.
* September 10 – Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi becomes Albert I, Prince of Monaco.
* September 17 – Civil War veteran Wilderness Union order of battle, Charles Jefferson Wright founds New York Military Academy, with 75 students on of land in Cornwall, New York.
![Nintendo former headquarter plate Kyoto](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Nintendo_former_headquarter_plate_Kyoto.jpg)
* September 23 – The Nintendo Koppai (Later Nintendo Company, Limited) is founded in Japan by Fusajiro Yamauchi, to produce and market Hanafuda playing cards.
October–December
* October 2 – In Washington, D.C., the first International Conference of American States begins.
* October 6
** Mount Kilimanjaro's summit is first reached, by German geologist Hans Meyer (geologist), Hans Meyer with Austrian mountaineer Ludwig Purtscheller.
** The ''Moulin Rouge'' cabaret opens in Paris.
* October 12 – Gustaf Åkerhielm, previously Swedish Foreign Minister, replaces Gillis Bildt as Prime Minister of Sweden.
* October 24 – Sir Henry Parkes, Premier of New South Wales, delivers the Tenterfield Oration, calling for the Federation of Australia.
* October 29 – The British South Africa Company receives a Royal Charter.
[
* November – The first free elections are held in Costa Rica.
* November 2
** ]North Dakota
North Dakota () is a U.S. state in the Upper Midwest, named after the indigenous Dakota Sioux. North Dakota is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north and by the U.S. states of Minnesota to the east, So ...
and South Dakota
South Dakota (; Sioux: , ) is a U.S. state in the North Central region of the United States. It is also part of the Great Plains. South Dakota is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux Native American tribes, who comprise a large porti ...
are admitted as the 39th and 40th U.S. state
In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sove ...
s, respectively.
** English Association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
team Wimbledon F.C. plays their first match.
* November 8 – Montana
Montana () is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columb ...
is admitted as the 41st U.S. state
In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sove ...
.
* November 11 – Washington
Washington commonly refers to:
* Washington (state), United States
* Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States
** A metonym for the federal government of the United States
** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered o ...
is admitted as the 42nd U.S. state
In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sove ...
.
* November 14 – Inspired by Jules Verne, pioneer American woman journalist Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Cochrane) begins an attempt to beat travel around the world in less than 80 days (Bly finishes the journey in 72 days, 6 hours and 11 minutes).
* November 15 – Field Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca organizes a military coup d'état, coup, which deposes Emperor Pedro II of Brazil and abolishes the Brazilian monarchy. Deodoro da Fonseca proclaims Brazil a republic, and forms a provisional government.
* November 17 – The Brazilian Imperial Family is forced into exile in France.
* November 19 – The modern-day flag of Brazil is adopted by the Provisional Government of the Republic.
* November 20
** Argentina is the first country to recognize the abolition of the monarchy in Brazil.
** Gustav Mahler premieres his ''Symphony No. 1 (Mahler), Symphony No. 1'', in Budapest.
* November 23 – The first jukebox goes into operation, at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco.
* November 27 – Clemson University is founded in Clemson, South Carolina.
* December 1 – The 1889–1890 pandemic of influenza first peaks, in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
* December 4 – The Bayswater Railway Station (Victoria, Australia) officially opens.
* December 14 – Wofford and Furman play the first intercollegiate football game, in the state of South Carolina.
* December 23 – The Spanish football team Recreativo de Huelva is formed (the oldest club in Spain by the 21st century).
* December 28 – The first interurban tram-train to emerge in the United States is the Newark and Granville Street Railway in Ohio.
Date unknown
* Yellow fever interrupts the building of the Panama Canal.
* A huge locust swarm crosses the Red Sea and destroys crops in the Nile Valley.
* Frederick Abel invents cordite.
* An early method of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission, as developed by the Swiss engineer René Thury, is implemented commercially in Italy by the ''Acquedotto de Ferrari-Galliera'' Company. This system transmits 630 kW at 14 kV DC over a distance of .
* The Capilano Suspension Bridge (the longest suspension foot-bridge in the world) is opened in British Columbia.
* Schools founded include:
** Plattsburgh Normal School (Plattsburgh, New York)
** Riverside Elementary School (Wichita, Kansas), Riverside Elementary School (Wichita, Kansas)
** Battle Ground Academy Franklin, Tennessee.
* Samuel Marinus Zwemer co-founds the American Arabian Mission.
* The Indian Religious Code is created, which forbids Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans to practice their religions.
* The first West Virginia tornado is recorded.
* Brook trout introduced into the upper Firehole River, Yellowstone National Park.
* The ''Wisden Cricketers' Almanack'' publishes its first ''Wisden Cricketers of the Year'' (actually titled ''Six Great Bowlers Of The Year''). The cricketers chosen are George Lohmann, Bobby Peel, Johnny Briggs (cricketer), Johnny Briggs, Charles Turner (Australian cricketer), Charles Turner, John Ferris (cricketer), John Ferris and Sammy Woods.
Births
January
* January 2 – Walter Baldwin, American actor (d. 1977)
* January 12 – Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad, 2nd Caliph of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in Islam (d. 1965)
* January 21 – Edith Bratt, English wife of J. R. R. Tolkien (d. 1971)
* January 26 – Jeanne de Salzmann, Russian pupil of G. I. Gurdjieff (d. 1990)
* January 31 – Frank Foster (cricketer), Frank Foster, English cricketer (d. 1958)
February
* February 2 – Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, French general, posthumous Marshal of France (d. 1952)
* February 3 – Risto Ryti, Prime Minister of Finland, Prime Minister and President of Finland (d. 1956)
* February 5 – Ernest Tyldesley, English cricketer (d. 1962)
* February 7 – Harry Nyquist, Swedish-American contributor to information theory (d. 1976)
* February 11 – Mills Brothers, John H. Mills Sr., African-American singer, one of the ''Mills Brothers'' (d. 1967)
* February 12 – Edward Hanson, 28th Governor of American Samoa (d. 1959)
* February 16 – Hawthorne C. Gray, record-setting American balloonist (d. 1927)
* February 19 – Ernest Marsden, British physicist (d. 1970)
* February 21 – Pieter Voltelyn Graham van der Byl, South African politician (d. 1975)
* February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Ferd ...
** Olave Baden-Powell, Lady Olave Baden-Powell, English founder of the Girl Guides (d. 1977)
** R. G. Collingwood, British philosopher, historian (d. 1943)
* February 23 – Victor Fleming, American motion picture director (d. 1949)
* February 24 – Suzanne Bianchetti, French actress (d. 1936)
* February 25 – Homer S. Ferguson, American politician (d. 1982)
March
* March 1
** Kanoko Okamoto, Japanese novelist, poet and Buddhist scholar (d. 1939)
** Watsuji Tetsuro, Japanese philosopher (d. 1960)
* March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
** Oren E. Long, American politician, 10th Governor of Hawai'i (d. 1965)
** Pearl White, American silent film actress (d. 1938)
* March 6 – William D. Francis, Australian botanist (d. 1959)
* March 7 – Godfrey Chevalier, American naval aviation pioneer (d. 1922)
* March 15
Events Pre-1600
*474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce.
* 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place.
* 493 – Odo ...
– Hiroaki Abe, Japanese admiral (d. 1949)
* March 16 – Reggie Walker (sprinter), Reggie Walker, South African athlete (d. 1951)
* March 21 – Aleksandr Vertinsky, Russian singer, actor (d. 1957)
* March 24 – Albert Hill (athlete), Albert Hill, British athlete (d. 1969)
* March 29 – Warner Baxter, American actor (d. 1951)
* March 30 – Herman Bing, German-American character, voice actor (d. 1947)
* March 31 – Muriel Hazel Wright, Oklahoma author, historian (d. 1975)
April
* April 4
** Hans-Jürgen von Arnim, German general (d. 1962)
** Angelo Iachino, Italian admiral (d. 1976)
* April 7 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
* April 8
** Adrian Boult, English conductor (d. 1983)
** Tomoshige Samejima, Japanese admiral (d. 1966)
* April 11
** Nick LaRocca, American musician (d. 1961)
** Aketo Nakamura, Japanese general (d. 1966)
* April 14
** James Stephenson, British actor (d. 1941)
** Arnold J. Toynbee, British historian (d. 1975)
* April 15
** Thomas Hart Benton (painter), Thomas Hart Benton, American painter (d. 1975)
** A. Philip Randolph, African-American civil rights activist (d. 1979)
* April 16 – Charlie Chaplin, English actor, film director (d. 1977)
* April 18 – Harold Saxton Burr, American scientist (d. 1973)
* April 20 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian-born dictator of Nazi Germany (d. 1945)
* April 21
** Paul Karrer, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
** Manuel Prado Ugarteche, President of Peru (d. 1967)
* April 23 – Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (d. 1942)
* April 26 – Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian-born philosopher (d. 1951)
* April 28
** Takeo Kurita, Japanese admiral (d. 1977)
** António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese dictator (d. 1970)
* April 30 – Fritz Pfeffer, German-Dutch housemate of Anne Frank (d. 1944)
May
* May 3
** Beulah Bondi, American actress (d. 1981)
** Gottfried Fuchs, German-Canadian Olympic soccer player (d. 1972)
* May 9 – Constantin S. Constantin, Romanian general (d. 1948)
* May 12
** Otto Frank, German publisher, businessman, father of Anne Frank (d. 1980)
** Abelardo L. Rodríguez, Mexican professional baseball player, general and substitute President of Mexico, 1932-1934 (d. 1967)
** Ouyang Yuqian, Chinese playwright, director and Peking opera performer (d. 1962)
* May 18 – Thomas Midgley Jr., American chemist, inventor (d. 1944)
* May 21 – Bernard Rawlings (Royal Navy officer), Bernard Rawlings, British admiral (d. 1962)
* May 23 – Carlo Braga, Filipino Roman Catholic priest, archbishop and servant of God (d. 1971)
* May 25
** Günther Lütjens, German admiral (d. 1941)
** Igor Sikorsky, Russian developer of the helicopter (d. 1972)
* May 31
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome.
* 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat K ...
– Charles Gordon Bell, British pilot (d. 1918)
June
* June 2
** Margaret Theadora Allan , Australian community worker and organizing secretary for the Traveller' Aid Society of New South Wales (d. 1968)
** Martha Wentworth, American actress (d. 1974)
* June 4
** Henry F. Phillips, American businessman, inventor (d. 1958)
** Beno Gutenberg, German-American seismologist (d. 1960)
* June 10 – Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese actor, film director (d. 1973)
* June 13
** Amadeo Bordiga, Italian Marxist theorist, politician (d. 1970)
** Adolphe Pégoud, French acrobatic pilot, World War I fighter ace (d. 1915)
* June 21 – Ralph Craig, American athlete (d. 1972)
* June 23 – Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (d. 1966)
* June 25 – John Morton-Finney, American civil rights activist, lawyer and educator (d. 1998)
* June 27 – Moroni Olsen, American actor (d. 1954)
* June 28 – Frank Mayo (actor), Frank Mayo, American actor (d. 1963)
July
* July 3 – Richard Cramer, American actor (d. 1960)
* July 5 – Jean Cocteau, French writer (d. 1963)
* July 6 – Takeo Itō, Japanese general (d. 1965)
* July 7 – Shiro Kawase, Japanese admiral (d. 1946)
* July 8 – Eugene Pallette, American actor (d. 1954)
* July 13 – Emma Asson, Estonian politician (d. 1965)
* July 14 – Ante Pavelić, Croatian Fascism, fascist dictator (d. 1959)
* July 15 – Marjorie Rambeau, American actress (d. 1970)
* July 17 – Erle Stanley Gardner, American author (d. 1970)
* July 18 – Kōichi Kido, Japanese politician (d. 1977)
* July 19 – William Andrew Paton, American accountancy scholar (d. 1991)
* July 22 – Tony Jannus, American aviator, aircraft designer (d. 1916)
* July 24 – Murray Kinnell, English actor (d. 1954)
* July 30 – Dr. Rajeshwar Bali, Indian intellectual reformist (d. 1945)
August
* August 5 – Conrad Aiken, American writer (d. 1973)
* August 6 – George Kenney, World War II United States Army Air Forces general (d. 1977)
* August 10 – Norman Scott (Medal of Honor), Norman Scott, American admiral, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1942)
* August 11 – William Ronald Dodds Fairbairn Scottish psychiatrist, psychoanalyst and a central figure in the development of the object relations theory of psychoanalysis (d. 1942)
* August 15 – Marthe Richard, French prostitution, prostitute, espionage, spy and politics, politician (d. 1982)
* August 21 – Sir Richard O'Connor, British general in World War II (d. 1981)
* August 25 – Ioan Dumitrache, Romanian general (d. 1977)
* August 29
** Joseph Egger, Austrian character actor (d. 1966)
** Alfredo Obviar, Filipino Roman Catholic bishop and Servant of God (d. 1978)
September
* September 2 – George H. Plympton, American screenwriter (d. 1972)
* September 7 – Albert Plesman, Dutch aviation pioneer (d. 1953)
* September 8 – Robert A. Taft, U.S. Senator from Ohio (d. 1953)
* September 11 – Suzanne Duchamp, French painter (d. 1963)
* September 12 – Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, 3rd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1942)
* September 13 – Masao Maruyama (Japanese Army officer), Masao Maruyama, Japanese general (d. 1957)
* September 14 – María Capovilla, Ecuadorian supercentenarian, the last surviving person verified as born in 1889 (d. 2006)
* September 18 – Doris Blackburn, Australian politician (d. 1970)
* September 20 – Charles Reidpath, American athlete (d. 1975)
* September 26 – Martin Heidegger, German philosopher (d. 1976)
October
* October 1 – Dutch Sterrett, Charles Hurlbut "Dutch" Sterrett, American professional baseball player (d. 1965)
* October 2 – Margaret Chung, Chinese-American physician (d. 1959)
* October 3 – Carl von Ossietzky, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1938)
* October 8 – C. E. Woolman, American airline executive (d. 1966)
* October 10
** Kermit Roosevelt, American explorer, author (d. 1943)
** Han van Meegeren, Dutch painter, art forger (d.1947)
* October 12 – Troy H. Middleton, American general, educator (d. 1976)
* October 13
** Douglass Dumbrille, Canadian-born actor (d. 1974)
** Cedric Holland, British admiral (d. 1950)
November
* November 1 – Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, Canadian-born peace activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1982)
* November 5 – Petre Cameniță, Romanian general (d. 1962)
* November 10 – Claude Rains, English-born American actor (d. 1967)
* November 12 – DeWitt Wallace, American magazine publisher (''Reader's Digest'') (d. 1981)
* November 14
** Taha Hussein, Egyptian writer and intellectual (d. 1973)
** Jawaharlal Nehru, 1st Prime Minister of India (d. 1964)
* November 15 – King Manuel II of Portugal (d. 1932)
* November 16 – George S. Kaufman, American playwright (d. 1961)
* November 18 – Zoltán Tildy, President of Hungary (d. 1961)
* November 19
** Corneliu Calotescu, Romanian general (d. 1970)
** Clifton Webb, American actor, dancer and singer (d. 1966)
* November 20 – Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (d. 1953)
* November 23
** Harry Sunderland, Australian rugby league administrator (d. 1964)
** Alexander Patch, American general (d. 1945)
* November 25 – George McMillin, American admiral, last Naval Governor of Guam (d. 1983)
* November 30
** Edgar Adrian, English physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1977)
** Reuvein Margolies, Austro-Hungarian-born Israeli author and Talmudic scholar (d. 1971)
** Shōji Nishimura, Japanese admiral (d. 1944)
December
* December 1 – Vasily Blyukher, Soviet general, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1938)
* December 2 – Oei Hui-lan (Madame Wellington Koo), Chinese-Indonesian socialite and First Lady of the Republic of China (d. 1992)
* December 3 – Walton Walker, American general (d. 1950)
* December 4 – Isabel Randolph, American actress (d. 1973)
* December 9
** Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish Olympic athletic (d. 1966)
** Shigeyoshi Inoue, Japanese admiral (d. 1975)
* December 11
** Walter Knott, American farmer, creator of Knott's Berry Farm (d. 1981)
** Robert Maestri, 53rd Mayor of New Orleans (d. 1974)
* December 18 – Juho Heiskanen, Finnish general (d. 1950)
* December 23 – Daniel E. Barbey, American admiral (d. 1969)
* December 30 – Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Mexican politician and president (1952-1958) who granted women the right to vote. (d. 1973)
Date unknown
* Nezihe Muhiddin, Turkish women's rights activist, suffragette, journalist, writer and political leader (d. 1958)
* Reşit Süreyya Gürsey, Turkish intellectual, MD and physicist (d.1962)
* Nellie Yu Roung Ling, Chinese dancer, former lady-in-waiting in Qing imperial court
Deaths
January–June
* January 13 – Solomon Bundy, American politician (b. 1823)
* January 22 – Carlo Pellegrini (caricaturist), Carlo Pellegrini, Italian caricaturist (b. 1839)
* January 30
** Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria
en, Rudolph Francis Charles Joseph
, caption = Rudolf in 1887
, spouse =
, issue = Elisabeth Marie, Princess Otto of Windisch-Graetz
, house = Habsburg-Lorraine
, father = Franz Joseph I of Austria
, mother ...
(suicide) (b. 1858)
** Baroness Mary Vetsera
Baroness Marie Alexandrine "Mary" von Vetsera (19 March 1871 – 30 January 1889) was an Austrian noblewoman and the mistress of Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria. Vetsera and the crown prince were found dead at his hunting lodge in Mayerling on 3 ...
(suicide) (b. 1871)
* February 3 – Belle Starr, American outlaw (b. 1848)
* February 13 – João Maurício Vanderlei, Baron of Cotejipe, João Maurício Vanderlei, Brazilian magistrate and politician (b. 1815)
* March 5 – Mary Louise Booth, American editor-in-chief of ''Harper's Bazaar'' (b. 1831)
* March 8 – John Ericsson, Swedish inventor, engineer (b. 1803)
* March 9
Events Pre-1600
* 141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.
* 1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg.
* 1226 &nda ...
– Emperor Yohannes IV of Ethiopia (b. 1837)
* March 13 – Felice Varesi, French-born Italian baritone (b. 1813)
* March 22
Events Pre-1600
* 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea.
* 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* 871 – Æthelr ...
– Stanley Matthews (judge), Stanley Matthews, American jurist and politician (b. 1824)
* March 24 – Leatherman (vagabond), The Leatherman, possibly French-Canadian vagabond in the U.S. (b. c. 1839)
* April 6 – Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (b. 1797)
* April 7 – Youssef Bey Karam, Lebanon, Lebanese nationalist leader (b. 1823)
* April 12 – Robert Dunsmuir, Scottish-born Canadian industrialist and politician (b. 1825)
* April 15 – Father Damien, Belgian Roman Catholic priest, missionary to Native Hawaiians, Hawaiians with leprosy and saint (b. 1840)
* April 21 – Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, Mexican jurist, 27th President of Mexico (b. 1823)
* April 25 – Mary Dominis, Mary Dominus, American settler of Hawaii (b. 1803)
* May 9 – William S. Harney, U.S. Army general (b. 1800)
* May 10 – Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian satirist (b. 1826)
* May 14 – Volney E. Howard, American politician (b. 1809)
* May 28
Events Pre-1600
*585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
– Madeleine Vinton Dahlgren, American translator and anti-suffragist (b. 1825)
* June 8 – Gerard Manley Hopkins, English poet (b. 1844)
* June 10 – Abraham Hochmuth, Hungarian rabbi (b. 1816)
* June 15 – Mihai Eminescu, Romanian poet (b. 1850)
* June 25 – Lucy Webb Hayes, First Lady of the United States (b. 1831)
July–December
* July 7 – Giovanni Bottesini, Italian conductor, composer and virtuoso double bass player (b. 1821)
* July 10 – Julia Gardiner Tyler, First Lady of the United States (b. 1820)
* August 2 – Eduardo Gutiérrez, Argentinian author (b. 1851)
* August 19 – Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French writer (b. 1838)
* September 23 – Wilkie Collins, British novelist (b. 1824)
* September 24 – Charles Leroux, American balloonist, parachutist (b. 1856)
* September 29 – Louis Faidherbe, French general and colonial administrator (b. 1818)
* October 10 – Adolf von Henselt, German pianist and composer (b. 1814)
* October 11 – James Prescott Joule, English physicist (b. 1818)
* October 17 – Rodrigo Augusto da Silva, Brazilian Senator, author of the Golden Law (b. 1833)
** John F. Hartranft, Union Army military officer and Medal of Honour recipient (b. 1830)
* October 19 – King Luís I of Portugal (b. 1838)
* October 25 – Émile Augier, French dramatist (b. 1820)
* November 16 – Sergei Bobokhov, Russian revolutionary, who committed suicide as a protest against the flogging of woman comrade in Siberia. (b. 1858)
* November 18 – William Allingham, Irish author (b. 1824)
* November 20 – August Ahlqvist, Finnish professor, poet, scholar of the Finno-Ugric languages, author, and literary critic (b. 1826)
* November 24 – George H. Pendleton, American politician (b. 1825)
* December 6 – Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1808)
* December 12 – Robert Browning, English poet (b. 1812)
* December 28 – Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, List of Brazilian consorts, Empress consort of Brazil (b. 1822)
* December 29
** Glele, King of Dahomey (suicide)
** Priscilla Cooper Tyler, ''de facto'' First Lady of the United States (b. 1816)
* December 30 – Henry Yule, Sir Henry Yule, Scottish orientalist (b. 1820)
* December 31 – Ion Creangă, Romanian writer (b. 1837 or 1839)
References
Further reading and year books
* ''1889 Annual Cyclopedia'
online
Highly detailed global coverage
{{DEFAULTSORT:1889
1889,