1887 St on:
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*
*
Events
January–March
* January 11 –Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur (, ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization, the latter of which was named afte ...
's anti- rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine
Situated at 16 Rue Bonaparte in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, the Académie nationale de médecine (National Academy of Medicine) was created in 1820 by King Louis XVIII at the urging of baron Antoine Portal. At its inception, the instituti ...
, by Dr. Joseph Grancher.
* January 20
Events Pre-1600
* 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution.
* 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
* 1156 &ndas ...
** The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base.
** British emigrant ship '' Kapunda'' sinks after a collision off the coast of Brazil, killing 303 with only 16 survivors.
* January 21
** The Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) is formed in the United States.
** Brisbane receives a one-day rainfall of (a record for any Australian capital city).
* January 24 – Battle of Dogali
The Battle of Dogali was fought on 26 January 1887 between Italy and Ethiopia in Dogali near Massawa, in present-day Eritrea.
History
The Italians, after their unification in 1861, wanted to establish a colonial empire to cement their great p ...
: Abyssinian troops defeat the Italians.
* January 28
** In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana, the largest snowflakes on record are reported. They are wide and thick.
** Construction work begins on the foundations of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France.
* February 2
Events Pre-1600
* 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law".
* 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...
– The first Groundhog Day
Groundhog Day ( pdc, Grund'sau dåk, , , ; Nova Scotia: Daks Day) is a popular North American tradition observed in the United States and Canada on February 2. It derives from the Pennsylvania Dutch superstition that if a groundhog emerges from ...
is observed in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania
Punxsutawney (; Unami language, Lenape: '
)
is a Borough (Pennsylvania), borough in southern Jefferson County, Pennsylvania. Punxsutawney is known globally for its annual Groundhog Day celebration held each February 2, during which thousands of ...
.
* February 4
Events Pre–1600
* 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
– The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 is a United States federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopoly, monopolistic practices. The Act required that railroad rates be "reasonable and just," but did no ...
, passed by the 49th United States Congress
The 49th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1885, ...
, is signed into law by President Grover Cleveland.
* February 5
Events Pre-1600
* 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
* 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion.
* 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...
– The Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for his operas. He was born near Busseto to a provincial family of moderate means, receiving a musical education with the h ...
opera ''Otello
''Otello'' () is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on Shakespeare's play ''Othello''. It was Verdi's penultimate opera, first performed at the Teatro alla Scala, Milan, on 5 February 1887.
Th ...
'' premieres at La Scala
La Scala (, , ; abbreviation in Italian of the official name ) is a famous opera house in Milan, Italy. The theatre was inaugurated on 3 August 1778 and was originally known as the ' (New Royal-Ducal Theatre alla Scala). The premiere performan ...
, Milan.
* February 8 – The Dawes Act, or the General Allotment Act, is enacted in the United States.
* February 23
Events Pre-1600
* 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution.
* 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
– The French Riviera
The French Riviera (known in French as the ; oc, Còsta d'Azur ; literal translation " Azure Coast") is the Mediterranean coastline of the southeast corner of France. There is no official boundary, but it is usually considered to extend fro ...
is hit by a large earthquake, killing around 2,000 along the coast of the Mediterranean.
* February 26
Events Pre-1600
*747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events.
* 364 – Valentinian I is p ...
– At the Sydney Cricket Ground
The Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG) is a sports stadium in Sydney, Australia. It is used for Test cricket, Test, One Day International and Twenty20 cricket, as well as, Australian rules football and occasionally for rugby league, rugby union and as ...
, George Lohmann becomes the first bowler to take eight wickets, in a Test innings.
* March 3 – Anne Sullivan
Anne Sullivan Macy (born as Johanna Mansfield Sullivan; April 14, 1866 – October 20, 1936) was an American teacher best known for being the instructor and lifelong companion of Helen Keller.Herrmann, Dorothy. ''Helen Keller: A Life'', Alfred ...
begins teaching Helen Keller.
* March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
– North Carolina State University
North Carolina State University (NC State) is a public land-grant research university in Raleigh, North Carolina. Founded in 1887 and part of the University of North Carolina system, it is the largest university in the Carolinas. The universit ...
is established, as North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.
* March 13 – Chester Greenwood
Chester Greenwood (4 December 1858 – 5 July 1937) was an American engineer and inventor, known for inventing the earmuffs in 1873. He reportedly came up with the idea while ice skating and he asked his grandmother to sew tufts of fur between lo ...
patents earmuffs
Earmuffs are clothing accessories or personal protective equipment designed to cover a person's ears for hearing protection or warmth. They consist of a thermoplastic or metal head-band that fits over the top or back of the head, and a cushion o ...
in the United States.
April–June
* April 1 – The final of the first All-IrelandHurling
Hurling ( ga, iománaíocht, ') is an outdoor team game of ancient Gaelic Irish origin, played by men. One of Ireland's native Gaelic games, it shares a number of features with Gaelic football, such as the field and goals, the number of p ...
Championship is held.
* April 4
Events Pre-1600
* 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines.
* 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground.
* 611 – ...
– Argonia, Kansas
Argonia is a city in Sumner County, Kansas, Sumner County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population of the city was 456.
History
Argonia was founded in 1881. It was named for the ship ''Argo'' in ...
, elects Susanna M. Salter
Susanna Madora Salter (; March 2, 1860 – March 17, 1961) was an American politician and activist. She served as mayor of Argonia, Kansas, becoming the first woman elected to serve as mayor in the United States and one of the first women to ...
as the first female mayor in the United States.
* April 10 (Easter Sunday) – The Catholic University of America
The Catholic University of America (CUA) is a private Roman Catholic research university in Washington, D.C. It is a pontifical university of the Catholic Church in the United States and the only institution of higher education founded by U.S. ...
is founded in Washington, D.C.
* April 20 – Occidental College
Occidental College (informally Oxy) is a private liberal arts college in Los Angeles, California. Founded in 1887 as a coeducational college by clergy and members of the Presbyterian Church, it became non-sectarian in 1910. It is one of the oldes ...
is founded in Los Angeles, California.
* April 21
Events Pre-1600
*753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date).
* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
– Schnaebele incident: A French/German border incident nearly leads to war between the two countries.
* May 3 – An earthquake hits Sonora
Sonora (), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sonora), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is d ...
, Mexico.
* May 9 – ''Buffalo Bill
William Frederick Cody (February 26, 1846January 10, 1917), known as "Buffalo Bill", was an American soldier, Bison hunting, bison hunter, and showman. He was born in Le Claire, Iowa, Le Claire, Iowa Territory (now the U.S. state of Iowa), but ...
's Wild West Show'' opens in London.
* May 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
*1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
* 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forc ...
– The cornerstone of the new Stanford University
Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The campus occupies , among the largest in the United States, and enrolls over 17,000 students. Stanford is consider ...
, in northern California, is laid (the college opens in 1891
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany.
** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence.
**Germany takes formal possession of its new Africa ...
).
* May 25 – The Hells Canyon massacre
The Hells Canyon Massacre (also known as the Snake River Massacre) was a massacre where thirty-four Chinese goldminers were ambushed and murdered in May 1887. In 2005, the area was renamed Chinese Massacre Cove, and a memorial was placed there i ...
begins: 34 Chinese gold miners are ambushed and murdered in Hells Canyon
Hells Canyon is a canyon in the Western United States, located along the border of eastern Oregon, a small section of eastern Washington and western Idaho. It is part of the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area which is also located in p ...
, Oregon, United States.
* June 8 – Herman Hollerith receives a U.S. patent for his punched card calculator
An electronic calculator is typically a portable electronic device used to perform calculations, ranging from basic arithmetic to complex mathematics.
The first solid-state electronic calculator was created in the early 1960s. Pocket-sized ...
.
* June 18 – The Reinsurance Treaty is closed between Germany and Russia.
* June 21
Events Pre-1600
* 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date).
* 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
**The British Empire celebrates Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee
A golden jubilee marks a 50th anniversary. It variously is applied to people, events, and nations.
Bangladesh
In Bangladesh, golden jubilee refers the 50th anniversary year of the separation from Pakistan and is called in Bengali ''"সু ...
, marking the 50th year of her reign.
** Zululand becomes a British colony.
* June 23
Events Pre-1600
* 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu.
* 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships.
* 1280 – The Spanish Re ...
– The Rocky Mountains Park Act
The ''Rocky Mountains Park Act'' was enacted on June 23, 1887, by the Parliament of Canada, establishing Banff National Park which was then known as "Rocky Mountains Park". The act was modelled on the '' Yellowstone Park Act'' passed by the Un ...
becomes law in Canada, creating that nation's first national park
A national park is a nature park, natural park in use for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state dec ...
, Banff National Park
Banff National Park is Canada's oldest National Parks of Canada, national park, established in 1885 as Rocky Mountains Park. Located in Alberta's Rockies, Alberta's Rocky Mountains, west of Calgary, Banff encompasses of mountainous terrain, wi ...
.
* June 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch.
* 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
* 1461 – ...
– Minot, North Dakota is incorporated as a city.
* June 29 – The United Retail Federation is established in Brisbane, Australia.
July–September
* July – James Blyth operates the first working wind turbine at Marykirk, Scotland. *July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
– Construction of the iron structure of the Eiffel Tower starts in Paris, France.
* July 6 – King Kalākaua of Hawai'i is forced by anti-monarchists to sign the ' Bayonet Constitution', stripping the Hawaiian monarchy
The Hawaiian Kingdom, or Kingdom of Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian language, Hawaiian: ''Ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina''), was a sovereign state located in the Hawaiian Islands. The country was formed in 1795, when the warrior chief Kamehameha the Great, of the ...
of much of its authority, as well as disenfranchising
Disfranchisement, also called disenfranchisement, or voter disqualification is the restriction of suffrage (the right to vote) of a person or group of people, or a practice that has the effect of preventing a person exercising the right to vote. D ...
most native Hawaiians
Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, First Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians) ( haw, kānaka, , , and ), are the indigenous ethnic group of Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands.
Hawaii ...
, all Asians
Asian people (or Asians, sometimes referred to as Asiatic people)United States National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings. 2004. November 17, 200Nlm.nih.gov: ''Asian Continental Ancestry Group'' is also used for categorical purpos ...
and the poor.
* July 12
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.
* 927 – King Constantine II of ...
– Odense Boldklub, the Danish football team, is founded as the Odense Cricket Club.
* July 19 – Dorr Eugene Felt
Dorr Eugene Felt (March 18, 1862 – August 7, 1930) was an American inventor and industrialist who was known for having invented the Comptometer, an early computing device, and the Comptograph, the first printing adding machine.
The ''Felt & Tar ...
receives the first U.S. patent for his comptometer.
* July 26
** L. L. Zamenhof
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 185914 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.
Zamenhof first dev ...
publishes "''Unua Libro
''Dr. Esperanto's International Language'' (russian: wikt:международный#Russian, Международный wikt:язык#Russian, язык), commonly referred to as ' (''First Book''), is an 1887 book by Polish ophthalmologist L. L ...
''" (''Dr. Esperanto's International Language''), the first description of Esperanto
Esperanto ( or ) is the world's most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Created by the Warsaw-based ophthalmologist L. L. Zamenhof in 1887, it was intended to be a universal second language for international communi ...
, the constructed international auxiliary language
An international auxiliary language (sometimes acronymized as IAL or contracted as auxlang) is a language meant for communication between people from all different nations, who do not share a common first language. An auxiliary language is primaril ...
.
** Blackpool F.C.
Blackpool Football Club is a professional association football club based in the seaside town of Blackpool, Lancashire, England. The team competes in the Championship, the second tier of the English football league system.
Founded in 1887, th ...
is created in England, U.K.
* August – The earliest constituent of the U.S. National Institutes of Health is established at the Marine Hospital, Staten Island
Staten Island ( ) is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Richmond County, in the U.S. state of New York. Located in the city's southwest portion, the borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull an ...
, as the Laboratory of Hygiene.
* August 8 – Antonio Guzmán Blanco ends his term as President of Venezuela.
* August 13
Events Pre-1600
* 29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes.
* 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas.
* 554 – Em ...
– Hibernian F.C.
Hibernian Football Club (), commonly known as Hibs, is a professional football club based in the Leith area of Edinburgh, Scotland. The club plays in the Scottish Premiership, the top tier of the Scottish Professional Football League (SPFL). ...
of Scotland defeats Preston North End F.C.
Preston North End Football Club, commonly referred to as Preston, North End or PNE, is a professional football club in Preston, Lancashire, England, who currently play in the EFL Championship, the second tier of the English football league syste ...
of England to win the 'Championship of the World', after the two teams win the Association football Cup competitions in their respective countries.
* September 5 – The Theatre Royal, Exeter
The Theatre Royal, Exeter was the name of several Theater (structure), theatres situated in the city centre of Exeter, Devon, England in the United Kingdom.
Early theatres and fires
The name "Theatre Royal" was first applied in Exeter by the ...
, England, burns down, killing 186 people.
* September 28
Events Pre-1600
*48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII.
* 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...
– The 1887 Yellow River flood
The 1887 Yellow River flood in Qing China began in September 1887 and killed at least 930,000 people.
* January 1
** Wilhelm Canaris, head of German military intelligence in World War II (d.
* March 4 –
* May 2
** Vernon Castle, British dancer (d.
* September 1 – Blaise Cendrars, Swiss writer (d. 1961)
* September 3 – Frank Christian (trumpeter), Frank Christian, American jazz musician (d.
* July 8 – John Wright Oakes, English landscape painter (b. 1820)
* July 17 – Dorothea Dix, American social activist (b. 1802)
* July 25 – John Taylor (Mormon), John Taylor, American religious leader (b. 1808)
* August 8 – Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer, soldier (b. 1808)
* August 16
** Webster Paulson, English civil engineer (b. 1837)
** Julius von Haast, Sir Julius von Haast, German-born New Zealand geologist (b. 1822)
* August 19
** Alvan Clark, American telescope manufacturer (b. 1804)
** Spencer Fullerton Baird, American naturalist and museum curator (b. 1823)
* August 20 – Jules Laforgue, French poet (b. 1860)
* September 12 – August von Werder, Prussian general (b. 1808)
* October 12 – Dinah Craik, English novelist and poet (b. 1826)
* October 17 – Gustav Kirchhoff, German physicist (b. 1824)
* October 21 – Bernard Jauréguiberry, French admiral, statesman (b. 1815)
* October 26 – Hugo von Kirchbach, Prussian general (d. 1809)
* October 31 – George Alexander Macfarren, Sir George Macfarren, British composer and musicologist (b. 1813)
* November 2
**Jenny Lind, Swedish soprano (b. 1820)
**Alfred Domett, 4th Premier of New Zealand (b. 1811)
* November 8 – Doc Holliday, American gambler, gunfighter (b. 1851)
* November 19 – Emma Lazarus, American poet (b. 1859)
* November 28 – Gustav Fechner, German experimental psychologist (b. 1801)
* December 5 – Richard Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons, British diplomat (b. 1817)
* December 14 – William Garrow Lettsom, British diplomat, mineralogist and spectroscopist (b. 1805)
* December 23 – Adolphus Frederick Alexander Woodford, British parson (b. 1821)
October–December
* October 1 – The British Empire takes over Balochistan. * October 3 – Florida A&M University opens its doors in Tallahassee, Florida. * October 12 – Yamaha Corporation, the globalmusical instrument
A musical instrument is a device created or adapted to make musical sounds. In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument. A person who pl ...
and audiovisual brand, is founded as Yamaha Organ Manufacturing in Hamamatsu, Japan.
* November
November is the eleventh and penultimate month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars, the fourth and last of four months to have a length of 30 days and the fifth and last of five months to have a length of fewer than 31 days. No ...
** Results of the Michelson–Morley experiment are published, indicating that the speed of light is independent of motion.
** Arthur Conan Doyle
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a British writer and physician. He created the character Sherlock Holmes in 1887 for ''A Study in Scarlet'', the first of four novels and fifty-six short stories about Ho ...
's detective character Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes () is a fictional detective created by British author Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a " consulting detective" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, deduction, forensic science and ...
makes his first appearance, in the novel '' A Study in Scarlet'', published in ''Beeton's Christmas Annual
''Beeton's Christmas Annual'' was a British paperback magazine printed yearly between 1860 and 1898, founded by Samuel Orchart Beeton. The November 1887 issue contained a novel by Arthur Conan Doyle entitled ''A Study in Scarlet'' which introduced ...
''.
* November 3 – The Coimbra Academic Association, the students' union
A students' union, also known by many other names, is a student organization present in many colleges, universities, and high schools. In higher education, the students' union is often accorded its own building on the campus, dedicated to social, ...
of the University of Coimbra in Portugal, is founded.
* November 6 – The Association football club Celtic F.C. is formed in Glasgow, Scotland, by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid
Andrew Kerins ( ga, Aindreas Ó Céirín; 18 May 1840 – 17 April 1915), known by his religious name Brother Walfrid, was an Irish Marist Brother and is best remembered for being the founder of Scottish football club Celtic.
Life
Walfrid was ...
, to help alleviate poverty in the city's East End by raising money for his charity, the 'Poor Children's Dinner Table'.
* November 8 – Emile Berliner is granted a U.S. patent for the Berliner Gramophone.
* November 10 – Louis Lingg Louis may refer to:
* Louis (coin)
* Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name
* Louis (surname)
* Louis (singer), Serbian singer
* HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy
See also
Derived or associated terms
* Lewis (d ...
, sentenced to be hanged for his alleged role in the Haymarket affair (a bombing in Chicago on May 4, 1886
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885.
* January 5– 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novella ''Strange ...
), kills himself by dynamite
Dynamite is an explosive made of nitroglycerin, sorbents (such as powdered shells or clay), and Stabilizer (chemistry), stabilizers. It was invented by the Swedish people, Swedish chemist and engineer Alfred Nobel in Geesthacht, Northern Germa ...
.
* November 11
Events Pre-1600
* 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the T ...
– August Spies
August Vincent Theodore Spies (, ; December 10, 1855November 11, 1887) was an American upholsterer, radical labor activist, and newspaper editor. Spies is remembered as one of the anarchists in Chicago who were found guilty of conspiracy to commi ...
, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer
Adolph Fischer (1858 – November 11, 1887) was an anarchist and labor union activist tried and executed after the Haymarket Riot.
Early life
Adolph Fischer immigrated to the United States in 1873 at the age of 15. He became an apprentic ...
and George Engel are hanged for inciting riot and murder in the Haymarket affair.
* November 13 – Bloody Sunday: Police in London clash with radical and Irish nationalist protesters.
* December 5 – The International Bureau of Intellectual Property is established.
* December 25 – Glenfiddich single malt Scotch whisky is first produced.
Date unknown
*Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...
and Cambodia are added to French Indochina.
* Heinrich Hertz discovers the photoelectric effect on the production and reception of electromagnetic (EM) waves (radio); this is an important step towards the understanding of the quantum nature of light.
* Franz König publishes "Über freie Körper in den Gelenken" in the medical journal ''Deutsche Zeitschrift für Chirurgie'', describing (and naming) the disease Osteochondritis dissecans for the first time.
* Teachers College, later part of Columbia University, is founded.
* The first English-language edition of Friedrich Engels' 1844 study of ''The Condition of the Working Class in England
''The Condition of the Working Class in England'' (german: Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England) is an 1845 book by the German philosopher Friedrich Engels, a study of the industrial working class in Victorian England. Engels' first book, ...
'', translated by Florence Kelley, is published in New York City.
* Publication in Barcelona of Enrique Gaspar
Enrique Lucio Eugenio Gaspar y Rimbau (2 March 1842 in Madrid – 7 September 1902 in Oloron) was a Spanish diplomat and writer, who wrote many plays (''zarzuelas''), and one of the first novels involving time travel in fiction, time travel ...
's ''El anacronópete'', the first work of fiction to feature a time machine
Time travel is the concept of movement between certain points in time, analogous to movement between different points in space by an object or a person, typically with the use of a hypothetical device known as a time machine. Time travel is a w ...
.
* Publication begins of Futabatei Shimei's ''The Drifting Cloud
is an 1887 Japanese novel by Shimei Futabatei. Published in three parts (with the last one in serialised form) between June 1887 and August 1889, it is usually being referred to as the first modern Japanese novel.
Plot
;Part One
The reader is ...
(Ukigumo)'', the first modern novel in Japan.
* The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn is founded.
* Nagase Shoten (長瀬商店), predecessor of Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
ese cosmetics and toiletry brand Kao Corporation, is founded in Nihonbashi
is a business district of Chūō, Tokyo, Japan which grew up around the bridge of the same name which has linked two sides of the Nihonbashi River at this site since the 17th century. The first wooden bridge was completed in 1603. The current ...
, Tokyo, Japan.
* Tokyo Fire Insurance, predecessor of Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Insurance
, formerly NKSJ Holdings and , is a Japanese insurance company. It is the second-largest property insurance company in Japan only behind Tokio Marine, with market share of 19.3% in 2007.
The “Sompo” in the company's name means in Japanese, t ...
, is founded.
* Global construction and real estate development company Skanska is founded in Malmö, Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
.
* American financial services company A. G. Edwards
A.G. Edwards, Inc. was an American financial services holding company; its principal wholly owned subsidiary was A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc., which operated as a full-service securities broker-dealer in the United States and Europe. The firm was ...
is founded by General Albert Gallatin Edwards
Albert Gallatin Edwards (October 15, 1812 – April 19, 1892) was an Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury under President of the United States Abraham Lincoln and founder of brokerage firm A. G. Edwards.
Edwards was born in Kentucky in 1812 a ...
in St. Louis, Missouri.
* Heyl & Patterson Inc., a pioneer in coal unloading equipment, is founded by Edmund W. Heyl and William J. Patterson in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
* The first battery rail car is used on the Royal Bavarian State Railways
The Royal Bavarian State Railways (''Königliche Bayerische Staats-Eisenbahnen'' or ''K.Bay.Sts.B.'') was the state railway company for the Kingdom of Bavaria. It was founded in 1844. The organisation grew into the second largest of the German ...
.
Births
January–February
* January 1
** Wilhelm Canaris, head of German military intelligence in World War II (d. 1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
)
** Max Ritter von Müller, German World War I fighter ace (d. 1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
)
* January 3
Events Pre-1600
*AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor.
* 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
– August Macke
August Robert Ludwig Macke (3 January 1887 – 26 September 1914) was a German Expressionist painter. He was one of the leading members of the German Expressionist group Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider). He lived during a particularly act ...
, German painter (d. 1914
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
)
* January 10
Events Pre-1600
*49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war.
* 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
– Robinson Jeffers, American poet (d. 1962
Events January
* January 1 – Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand.
* January 3 – Pope John XXIII excommunicates Fidel Castro for preaching communism.
* January 8 – Harmelen train disaster: 93 die in the wors ...
)
* January 13
Events Pre-1600
* 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years.
* 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...
– Jorge Chávez
Jorge Antonio Chávez Dartnell (January 13, 1887 – September 27, 1910), also known as Géo Chávez, was a Peruvian aviator. At a young age, he achieved fame for his aeronautical feats. He died in 1910 after a heavy wind broke the wings of ...
, pioneer Peruvian aviator (d. 1910
Events
January
* January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas '' Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York C ...
)
* January 17 – Ola Raknes, Norwegian psychoanalyst, philologist (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
* January 19 – Alexander Woollcott
Alexander Humphreys Woollcott (January 19, 1887 – January 23, 1943) was an American drama critic and commentator for ''The New Yorker'' magazine, a member of the Algonquin Round Table, an occasional actor and playwright, and a prominent radio p ...
, American intellectual (d. 1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
)
* January 21 – Maude Davis, oldest person in the world (d. 2002
File:2002 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City; Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and her daughter Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon die; East Timor gains East Timor independence, indepe ...
)
* January 22
Events Pre-1600
* 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
* 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
– Elmer Fowler Stone
Elmer "Archie" Fowler Stone (January 22, 1887 – May 20, 1936) was a United States naval aviator and a commander in the United States Coast Guard.
Biography
Stone was born in Livonia, New York and grew up in Norfolk, Virginia. He joined the U.S. ...
, American aviator, first United States Coast Guard aviator (d. 1936
Events
January–February
* January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
)
* January 23
** Miklós Kállay
Dr. Miklós Kállay de Nagykálló (23 January 1887, in Nyíregyháza – 14 January 1967, in New York City) was a Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary during World War II, from 9 March 1942 to 22 March 1944. By early 1 ...
, 34th prime minister of Hungary (d. 1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
)
** Dorothy Payne Whitney, American-born philanthropist, social activist (d. 1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
)
* January 28 – Arthur Rubinstein
Arthur Rubinstein ( pl, Artur Rubinstein; 28 January 188720 December 1982) was a Polish Americans, Polish-American pianist.
, Polish-born pianist and conductor (d. 1982
Events January
* January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00).
* January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street bridges, 14th Street Bridge in ...
)
* February 3
Events Pre-1600
* 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
*1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
*1488 – ...
– Georg Trakl, Austrian poet (d. 1914
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
)
* February 5
Events Pre-1600
* 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
* 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion.
* 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...
– Corneliu Dragalina
Corneliu Dragalina (5 February 1887 – 11 July 1949) was a Romanian lieutenant general during World War II.
Biography Early life and World War I
He was born in the city of Karánsebes, Austria-Hungary, in what is now Caransebeș, Caraș-Severi ...
, Romanian general (d. 1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022.
* January 2 – Luis ...
)
* February 6
Events Pre-1600
* 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop.
1601–1900
* 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...
– Josef Frings, Archbishop of Cologne (d. 1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
)
* February 10 – John Franklin Enders
John Franklin Enders (February 10, 1897 – September 8, 1985) was an American biomedical scientist and Nobel Laureate. Enders has been called "The Father of Modern Vaccines."
Life and education
Enders was born in West Hartford, Connecticut on Fe ...
, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
)
* February 11
Events Pre-1600
*660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
* 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
– Ernst Hanfstaengl, German-born pianist, U.S. politician (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
* February 12 – Edelmiro Julián Farrell, Argentine general, 28th President of Argentina
The president of Argentina ( es, Presidente de Argentina), officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation ( es, Presidente de la Nación Argentina), is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under Constitution of Ar ...
(d. 1980
Events January
* January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission.
* January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC.
* January 9 – ...
)
* February 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.
* 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...
** Joseph Bech, Luxembourgish politician, 2-time prime minister of Luxembourg (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
** Leevi Madetoja
Leevi Antti Madetoja (; 17 February 1887 – 6 October 1947) was a Finnish composer, music critic, conductor, and teacher of the late-Romantic and early-modern periods. He is widely recognized as one of the most significant Finnish ...
, Finnish composer (d. 1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country in ...
)
* February 20
Events Pre-1600
*1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
*1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
– Vincent Massey, Governor General of Canada (d. 1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
)
* February 21 – Korechika Anami, Japanese general (d. 1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
)
March–April
* March 4 – Violet MacMillan
Violet MacMillan (March 4, 1887 – December 29, 1953), was an American actress in Broadway theatre productions, vaudeville, and silent films.
Early career
MacMillan gained fame as the "Cinderella Girl"''New York Times'' Obituary. Dec. 30, 19 ...
, American Broadway theatre actress (d. 1953
Events
January
* January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma.
* January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a Estonian government-in-exile, government-in-exile in Oslo.
* January 14
** Marshal Josip Broz Tito i ...
)
* March 5
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
* 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
** Harry Turner, American professional football player (d. 1914
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
)
**Heitor Villa-Lobos
Heitor Villa-Lobos (March 5, 1887November 17, 1959) was a Brazilian composer, conductor, cellist, and classical guitarist described as "the single most significant creative figure in 20th-century Brazilian art music". Villa-Lobos has become the ...
, Brazilian composer (d. 1959
Events January
* January 1 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 - Lunar probe Luna 1 was the first man-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reached the vicinity of E ...
)
* March 11 – Raoul Walsh
Raoul Walsh (born Albert Edward Walsh; March 11, 1887December 31, 1980) was an American film director, actor, founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), and the brother of silent screen actor George Walsh. He w ...
, American film director (d. 1980
Events January
* January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission.
* January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC.
* January 9 – ...
)
* March 13 – Alexander Vandegrift, American general (d. 1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
)
* March 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland.
* 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...
**Sylvia Beach
Sylvia may refer to:
People
*Sylvia (given name)
*Sylvia (singer), American country music and country pop singer and songwriter
*Sylvia Robinson, American singer, record producer, and record label executive
*Sylvia Vrethammar, Swedish singer credi ...
, American publisher in Paris (d. 1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes m ...
)
** Charles Reisner, American silent actor, film director (d. 1962
Events January
* January 1 – Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand.
* January 3 – Pope John XXIII excommunicates Fidel Castro for preaching communism.
* January 8 – Harmelen train disaster: 93 die in the wors ...
)
* March 18 – Aurel Aldea
Aurel Aldea (18 March 1887 – 17 October 1949) was a Romanian general, Interior Minister, and anti-communist resistance leader.
Education
Aurel Aldea was born in Slatina, Olt County on 28 March 1887. He graduated from the Artillery and Enginee ...
, Romanian general and politician (d. 1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022.
* January 2 – Luis ...
)
* March 21
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal (d. 1908)
* March 22 – Chico Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1961)
* March 23
** Juan Gris, Spanish-born painter, graphic artist (d. 1927)
** Prince Felix Yusupov, Russian assassin of Rasputin (d. 1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
)
* March 24 – Roscoe Arbuckle, American actor, comedian, film director, and screenwriter (d. 1933)
* March 25 – Chūichi Nagumo, Japanese admiral (d. 1944)
* March 25 – Padre Pio, Italian Franciscan Capuchin, mystic and Catholic saint (d. 1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
)
* April 2 – Louise Schroeder, German politician (d. 1957)
* April 3 – Nishizō Tsukahara, Japanese admiral (d. 1966)
* April 10 – Bernardo Houssay, Argentine physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
* April 12 – Harold Lockwood, American film actor (d.1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
)
* April 15
** Mike Brady (golfer), Mike Brady, American golfer (d. 1972)
** Felix Pipes, Austrian tennis player (d. 1983)
* April 22 – Harald Bohr, Danish mathematician and footballer (d. 1951)
* April 26 – Kojo Tovalou Houénou, prominent African critic of the French colonial empire in Africa (d. 1936
Events
January–February
* January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
)
May– June
* May 2
** Vernon Castle, British dancer (d. 1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
)
** Eddie Collins, American baseball player (d. 1951)
* May 5 – Geoffrey Fisher, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1972)
* May 11 – Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian-born pianist (d. 1951)
* May 15 – John H. Hoover, American admiral (d. 1970)
* May 22 – Jim Thorpe, American athlete (d. 1953
Events
January
* January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma.
* January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a Estonian government-in-exile, government-in-exile in Oslo.
* January 14
** Marshal Josip Broz Tito i ...
)
* May 23 – C. R. M. F. Cruttwell, English historian (d. 1941)
* May 25 – Pio of Pietrelcina, Italian saint (d. 1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
)
* May 26 – Paul Lukas, Hungarian-born actor (d. 1971)
* May 31 – Saint-John Perse, French diplomat, writer and Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
* June 3 – Carlo Michelstaedter, Italian philosopher (d. 1910
Events
January
* January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas '' Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York C ...
)
* June 4 – Tom Longboat, Canadian distance runner (d. 1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022.
* January 2 – Luis ...
)
* June 5 – Ruth Benedict, American anthropologist (d. 1948)
* June 9 – Emilio Mola, Spanish Nationalist commander (d. 1937)
* June 13 – André François-Poncet, French politician, diplomat (d. 1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
)
* June 22
** Julian Huxley, British biologist (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
** Santiago Amat, Spanish sailor (d. 1982
Events January
* January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00).
* January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street bridges, 14th Street Bridge in ...
)
* June 26 – Ganna Walska, Polish opera singer (d. 1984)
July– August
*July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
** Maria Isidia da Conceição, Brazilian supercentenarian
** Morton Deyo, American admiral (d. 1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
)
* July 3 – Elith Pio, Danish actor (d. 1983)
* July 6 – Annette Kellermann, Australian professional swimmer, vaudeville star, film actress, writer and business owner (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
* July 7 – Marc Chagall, Russian-born painter (d. 1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
)
* July 9 – Samuel Eliot Morison, American historian (d. 1976)
* July 11 – Nicolae Păiș, Romanian admiral (d. 1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes m ...
)
* July 14 – Curtis Shake, American jurist (d. 1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
)
* July 16 – Shoeless Joe Jackson, American baseball player (d. 1951)
* July 18 – Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian politician, traitor (d. 1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
)
* July 21 – Luis A. Eguiguren, Peruvian historian and politician (d. 1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
)
* July 22 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
* July 28 – Marcel Duchamp, French-born artist (d. 1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
)
* July 29
**Sigmund Romberg, Hungarian-born composer (d. 1951)
**Mamoru Shigemitsu, Japanese diplomat and politician (d. 1957)
* July 31 – Mitsuru Ushijima, Japanese general (d. 1945
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
Januar ...
)
* August 3
** Rupert Brooke, British war poet (d. 1915)
** August Wesley, Finnish journalist, trade unionist, and revolutionary (d. ?)
* August 4 – Peter Bocage, American jazz musician (d. 1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
)
* August 6 – Oliver Wallace, English-born film composer (d. 1963)
* August 12 – Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
* August 13
Events Pre-1600
* 29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes.
* 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas.
* 554 – Em ...
– Julius Freed, American inventor, banker (d. 1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Black Saturday in Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes m ...
)
* August 17
** Emperor Charles I of Austria (d. 1922)
** Marcus Garvey, African American publisher, entrepreneur and Pan Africanist (d. 1940)
* August 22 – Walter Citrine, 1st Baron Citrine, British trade unionist (d. 1983)
* August 24 – Harry Hooper, American baseball player (d. 1974)
* August 27 – Julia Sanderson, American actress (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
September–October
* September 1 – Blaise Cendrars, Swiss writer (d. 1961)
* September 3 – Frank Christian (trumpeter), Frank Christian, American jazz musician (d. 1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
)
* September 5 – Irene Fenwick, American actress (d. 1936
Events
January–February
* January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
)
* September 8 – Jacob L. Devers, American general (d. 1979)
* September 9 – Alf Landon, American Republican politician, presidential candidate (d. 1987)
* September 10 – Giovanni Gronchi, 3rd president of Italy (d. 1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
)
* September 12 – Yusif Vazir Chamanzaminli, Azerbaijani statesman, writer and claimed "core author" of novel ''Ali and Nino'' (d. in Gulag 1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
)
* September 13
** Lancelot Holland, British admiral (d. 1941)
** Leopold Ružička, Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976)
** Frank Gray (researcher), Physicist and researcher, known for the Gray code (d. 1969)
* September 16 – Nadia Boulanger, French composer and composition teacher (d. 1979)
* September 26 – William Barnard Rhodes-Moorhouse, British aviator, first airman to receive the Victoria Cross (d. 1915)
* September 28
Events Pre-1600
*48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII.
* 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...
– Avery Brundage, American sports official (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
* October 2 – Violet Jessop, Argentine-born British RMS Titanic, RMS ''Titanic'' survivor (d. 1971)
* October 4 – Charles Alan Pownall, American admiral, 3rd Military Governor of Guam (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
* October 5 – René Cassin, French judge, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1976)
* October 6 – Le Corbusier, Swiss architect (d. 1965)
* October 8 – Huntley Gordon, Canadian-born actor (d. 1956)
* October 13 – Jozef Tiso, Prime Minister of Slovakia (d. 1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country in ...
)
* October 14 – Ernest Pingoud, Finnish composer (d. 1942)
* October 18 – Takashi Sakai, Japanese general (d. 1946)
* October 20 – Prince Yasuhiko Asaka, Japanese prince (d. 1981)
* October 22 – John Reed (journalist), John Reed, American journalist (d. 1920)
* October 23 – Lothar Rendulic, Austrian-born German general (d. 1971)
* October 24 – Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, Queen Consort of Spain (d. 1969)
* October 28 – Herb Byrne, Australian rules footballer (d. 1959
Events January
* January 1 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 - Lunar probe Luna 1 was the first man-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reached the vicinity of E ...
)
* October 31 – Chiang Kai-shek, 1st president of the Republic of China (d. 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
November - December
* November 1 – L. S. Lowry, English painter (d. 1976) * November 6 – Walter Johnson, American baseball player (d. 1946) * November 10 – Arnold Zweig, German writer (d.1968
The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* Januar ...
)
* November 11
Events Pre-1600
* 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the T ...
**Walther Wever (general), Walther Wever, German general, pre-World War II ''Luftwaffe'' commander (d. 1936
Events
January–February
* January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
)
**Roland Young, English actor (d. 1953
Events
January
* January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma.
* January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a Estonian government-in-exile, government-in-exile in Oslo.
* January 14
** Marshal Josip Broz Tito i ...
)
* November 14 – Amadeo de Souza Cardoso, Portuguese painter (d. 1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
)
* November 15 – Georgia O'Keeffe, American painter (d. 1986)
* November 17 – Bernard Montgomery, British World War II commander (d. 1976)
* November 19 – James B. Sumner, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
* November 23
**Boris Karloff, British horror film actor (d. 1969)
**Henry Moseley, English physicist (d. 1915)
* November 24 – Erich von Manstein, German field marshal (d. 1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
)
* November 25 – Nikolai Vavilov, Russian and Soviet agronomist, botanist and geneticist (d. 1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
)
* November 27 – Masaharu Homma, Japanese general (d. 1946)
* November 28
**Jacobo Palm, Curaçao-born composer (d. 1982
Events January
* January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00).
* January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street bridges, 14th Street Bridge in ...
)
**Ernst Röhm, German Nazi SA leader (d. 1934)
* November 30 – Beatrice Kerr, Australian swimmer, diver, and aquatic performer (d. 1971)
* December 3 – Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni, former prime minister of Japan (d. 1990)
* December 6 – Lynn Fontanne, British-born actress (d. 1983)
* December 12 – Kurt Atterberg, Swedish composer (d. 1974)
* December 13 – Alvin Cullum York, American World War I hero (d. 1964)
* December 16 – Adone Zoli, Italian politician, 35th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1960)
* December 22 – Srinivasa Aaiyangar Ramanujan, Indian mathematician (d. 1920)
* December 25 – Conrad Hilton, American hotelier (d. 1979)
* December 26 – Arthur Percival, British general (d. 1966)
Deaths
January–June
* January 12 – Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh, British politician (b. 1818) * February 19 – Eduard Douwes Dekker, Dutch writer (b. 1820) *February 26
Events Pre-1600
*747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events.
* 364 – Valentinian I is p ...
– Anandi Gopal Joshi, first Indian woman doctor (b. 1865)
* February 27 – Alexander Borodin, Russian composer (b. 1833)
* March 4 – Catherine Huggins, British actor, singer, director and manager (b. 1821)
* March 8 – Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman, reformer (b. 1813)
* March 24
** Jean-Joseph Farre, French general and statesman (b. 1816)
** Justin Holland, American musician, civil rights activist (b. 1819)
** Ivan Kramskoi, Russian painter (b. 1837)
* March 28 – Ditlev Gothard Monrad, Danish politician (b. 1811)
* April 10 – John T. Raymond, American actor (b. 1836)
* April 19 – Henry Hotze, Swiss-American Confederate propagandist (b. 1833)
* April 23 – John Ceiriog Hughes, Welsh poet (b. 1832)
* May 7 – C. F. W. Walther, German-American theologian (b. 1811)
* May 8 – Aleksandr Ulyanov, Russian revolutionary, brother of V. I. Lenin (b. 1866)
* May 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
*1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
* 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forc ...
– Lysander Spooner, American philosopher and abolitionist (b. 1808)
* June 4 – William A. Wheeler, List of Vice Presidents of the United States, 19th Vice President of the United States (b. 1819)
* June 10 – Richard Lindon, British inventor of the rugby ball, the India-rubber inflatable bladder and the brass hand pump for the same (b. 1816)
July–December
* July 8 – John Wright Oakes, English landscape painter (b. 1820)
* July 17 – Dorothea Dix, American social activist (b. 1802)
* July 25 – John Taylor (Mormon), John Taylor, American religious leader (b. 1808)
* August 8 – Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer, soldier (b. 1808)
* August 16
** Webster Paulson, English civil engineer (b. 1837)
** Julius von Haast, Sir Julius von Haast, German-born New Zealand geologist (b. 1822)
* August 19
** Alvan Clark, American telescope manufacturer (b. 1804)
** Spencer Fullerton Baird, American naturalist and museum curator (b. 1823)
* August 20 – Jules Laforgue, French poet (b. 1860)
* September 12 – August von Werder, Prussian general (b. 1808)
* October 12 – Dinah Craik, English novelist and poet (b. 1826)
* October 17 – Gustav Kirchhoff, German physicist (b. 1824)
* October 21 – Bernard Jauréguiberry, French admiral, statesman (b. 1815)
* October 26 – Hugo von Kirchbach, Prussian general (d. 1809)
* October 31 – George Alexander Macfarren, Sir George Macfarren, British composer and musicologist (b. 1813)
* November 2
**Jenny Lind, Swedish soprano (b. 1820)
**Alfred Domett, 4th Premier of New Zealand (b. 1811)
* November 8 – Doc Holliday, American gambler, gunfighter (b. 1851)
* November 19 – Emma Lazarus, American poet (b. 1859)
* November 28 – Gustav Fechner, German experimental psychologist (b. 1801)
* December 5 – Richard Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons, British diplomat (b. 1817)
* December 14 – William Garrow Lettsom, British diplomat, mineralogist and spectroscopist (b. 1805)
* December 23 – Adolphus Frederick Alexander Woodford, British parson (b. 1821)
Date unknown
* Antoinette Nording, Swedish perfume entrepreneur (b. 1814)References
{{DEFAULTSORT:1887 1887,