In the

Swedish calendar The Swedish calendar ( sv, Svenska kalendern) or Swedish style ( sv, Svenska stilen) was a calendar in use in Sweden and its possessions from 1 March 1700 until 30 February 1712 (see below). It was one day ahead of the Julian calendar and ten da ...

it was a

common year starting on Wednesday A common year starting on Wednesday is any non-leap year (a year with 365 days) that begins on Wednesday, 1 January, and ends on Wednesday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is E. The most recent year of such kind was 2014, and the next one ...

, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar. Siege of Nöteborg (1702)

Events

January–March

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...

– A total solar eclipse is visible from the southern

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...

. *

January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. *1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned s ...

– In North America, ships from

Fort Maurepas Fort Maurepas, later known as Old Biloxi, "Pierre Le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville" (biography), ''Catholic Encyclopedia'', 1907, webpage: gives dates: 13 Feb. 1699, went to the mainland Biloxi, with fort completion May 1, 1699; sailed f ...

arrive at Twenty-Seven Mile Bluff, to build ''

Fort Louis de la Mobile Mobile ( , ) is a city and the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population within the city limits was 187,041 at the 2020 census, down from 195,111 at the 2010 census. It is the fourth-most-populous city in Alabama, ...

'' (future

Mobile, Alabama Mobile ( , ) is a city and the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population within the city limits was 187,041 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, down from 195,111 at the 2010 United States census, 2010 cens ...

), to become the capital of

French Louisiana The term French Louisiana refers to two distinct regions: * first, to Louisiana (New France), colonial French Louisiana, comprising the massive, middle section of North America claimed by Early Modern France, France during the 17th and 18th centu ...

. *

February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...

– The Duc de Villeroy, commander of the French Army, is taken as a prisoner of war by the Austrian Army during the

Battle of Cremona ''For the battle between Romans and Gauls, see Battle of Cremona (200 BC). For the battle during the Year of the Four Emperors, see Battle of Bedriacum.'' The Battle of Cremona took place on the night of 31 January to 1 February 1702 during the W ...

March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 &nd ...

(February 20 O.S.) – King

William III of England William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of County of Holland, Holland, County of Zeeland, Zeeland, Lordship of Utrecht, Utrec ...

is fatally injured in an accident when he is thrown from his horse, "Sorrel", while riding in

Hampton Court Park Hampton Court Park, also known as Home Park, is a walled royal park managed by the Historic Royal Palaces.

near London. Already in poor health before the accident, he dies from his injuries 16 days later at the age of 51. *

March 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland. * 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...

– An earthquake in the middle of the Calore valley in Italy, east of

Benevento Benevento (, , ; la, Beneventum) is a city and ''comune'' of Campania, Italy, capital of the province of Benevento, northeast of Naples. It is situated on a hill above sea level at the confluence of the Calore Irpino (or Beneventano) and the ...

, kills 400 people. *

March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. *1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen ends ...

(March 8

Old Style Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) indicate dating systems before and after a calendar change, respectively. Usually, this is the change from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar as enacted in various European countries between 158 ...

) – Princess Anne Stuart, daughter of the late

King James II James VII and II (14 October 1633 16 September 1701) was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Glorious Re ...

and younger sister of his successor,

Mary II of England Mary II (30 April 166228 December 1694) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England, List of Scottish monarchs, Scotland, and Monarchy of Ireland, Ireland, co-reigning with her husband, William III of England, William III & II, from 1689 unt ...

(who had reigned jointly with her husband, William III, as "William and Mary" until her death in 1694), ascends the English, Scottish and Irish thrones upon William's death. In her first speech to the English Parliament, made three days later, she tells the assembly "As I know my heart to be entirely English, I can very sincerely assure you there is not anything you can expect or desire from me which I shall not be ready to do for the happiness and prosperity of England." Anne is the mother of 17 children by her husband,

Prince George of Denmark Prince George of Denmark ( da, Jørgen; 2 April 165328 October 1708) was the husband of Anne, Queen of Great Britain. He was the consort of the British monarch from Anne's accession on 8 March 1702 until his death in 1708. The marriage of Georg ...

and Norway, but none will survive childhood, and she will die without an heir, bringing and end to the reign of the House of Stuart and enabling the

Hanoverian Succession The Act of Settlement is an Act of the Parliament of England that settled the succession to the English and Irish crowns to only Protestants, which passed in 1701. More specifically, anyone who became a Roman Catholic, or who married one, bec ...

. After the death of William, the

States General of the Netherlands The States General of the Netherlands ( nl, Staten-Generaal ) is the supreme bicameral legislature of the Netherlands consisting of the Senate () and the House of Representatives (). Both chambers meet at the Binnenhof in The Hague. The States ...

do not appoint a new

stadtholder In the Low Countries, ''stadtholder'' ( nl, stadhouder ) was an office of steward, designated a medieval official and then a national leader. The ''stadtholder'' was the replacement of the duke or count of a province during the Burgundian and H ...

, and so the

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...

becomes a true

republic A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...

again. *

March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...

(March 11

) – The first regular English-language national newspaper, ''

The Daily Courant ''The Daily Courant'', initially published on 11 March 1702, was the first British daily newspaper. It was produced by Elizabeth Mallet at her premises next to the King's Arms tavern at Fleet Bridge in London. The newspaper consisted of a sing ...

'', begins publication on

Fleet Street Fleet Street is a major street mostly in the City of London. It runs west to east from Temple Bar at the boundary with the City of Westminster to Ludgate Circus at the site of the London Wall and the River Fleet from which the street was na ...

in the

City of London The City of London is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the historic centre and constitutes, alongside Canary Wharf, the primary central business district (CBD) of London. It constituted most of London fr ...

; it covers only foreign news. *

March 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6. *1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margate off ...

– Battle of Darsūniškis: The

Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

army of about 240 men, under the command of Alexander Hummerhielm, is defeated by the Polish–Saxon army of 6,000 men, under

Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki Prince Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki ( lt, Mykolas Servacijus Višnioveckis; 13 May 1680 – 18 September 1744) was a Lithuanian nobleman, magnate, politician, diplomat, general, a successful military commander and the last male representative of ...

April–June

April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created ...

– The

Dutch East India Company The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock ...

ship Merestein strikes rocks and sinks in

Saldanha Bay Saldanha Bay ( af, Saldanhabaai) is a natural harbour on the south-western coast of South Africa. The town that developed on the northern shore of the bay, also called Saldanha, was incorporated with five other towns into the Saldanha Bay Local Mu ...

off Jutten Island, Africa with the loss of 101 of the 200 people on board. *

April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho ...

– Volcanic eruption of Changbaishan volcano (also known as

Paektu Mountain Paektu Mountain (), also known as Baekdu Mountain and in China as Changbai Mountain ( zh, s=长白山, t=長白山; Manchu: Golmin Šanggiyan Alin), is an active stratovolcano on the Chinese–North Korean border. At , it is the highest moun ...

) takes place. *

April 15 Events Pre-1600 * 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings. * 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...

– The British

Province of New Jersey The Province of New Jersey was one of the Middle Colonies of Colonial America and became the U.S. state of New Jersey in 1783. The province had originally been settled by Europeans as part of New Netherland but came under English rule after the ...

, encompassing all of the U.S. state of

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...

and portions of

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

, is created as proprietary owners in the provinces of

East Jersey The Province of East Jersey, along with the Province of West Jersey, between 1674 and 1702 in accordance with the Quintipartite Deed, were two distinct political divisions of the Province of New Jersey, which became the U.S. state of New Jersey. ...

and

West Jersey West Jersey and East Jersey were two distinct parts of the Province of New Jersey. The political division existed for 28 years, between 1674 and 1702. Determination of an exact location for a border between West Jersey and East Jersey was often ...

surrender their rights to the Crown. *

April 20 Events Pre-1600 * 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1601–1900 * 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament. * 1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroy ...

– Comet C/1702 H1 is discovered and passes within 0.0435 AU (a little more than four million miles or 6.5 million km) of the Earth. *

April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). * 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy m ...

– The first two missionaries from the

United Society Partners in the Gospel United Society Partners in the Gospel (USPG) is a United Kingdom-based charitable organization (registered charity no. 234518). It was first incorporated under Royal Charter in 1701 as the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Part ...

(USPG) set sail from England to North America. *

May 5 Events Pre-1600 * 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins. *1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta. *1260 – Kub ...

– Globular cluster

Messier 5 Messier 5 or M5 (also designated NGC 5904) is a globular cluster in the constellation Serpens. It was discovered by Gottfried Kirch in 1702. Discovery and visibility M5 is, under extremely good conditions, just visible to the naked eye as a fain ...

(M5, NGC 5904) is discovered by Gottfried Kirch and his wife Maria Margarethe. *

May 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance. * 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...

–

Cloudesley Shovell Admiral of the Fleet Sir Cloudesley Shovell (c. November 1650 – 22 or 23 October 1707) was an English naval officer. As a junior officer he saw action at the Battle of Solebay and then at the Battle of Texel during the Third Anglo-Dutch War. ...

is promoted to full

admiral Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force, and is above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet, ...

in the English navy. *

May 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. *1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. * 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forc ...

( N.S.) –

War of the Spanish Succession The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict that took place from 1701 to 1714. The death of childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700 led to a struggle for control of the Spanish Empire between his heirs, Phil ...

: War is declared on France by the Grand Alliance (

Kingdom of England The Kingdom of England (, ) was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from 12 July 927, when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. On 1 ...

and

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a Polity, political entity in Western Europe, Western, Central Europe, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution i ...

). *

May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...

(May 4 O.S.) – King

Charles XII of Sweden Charles XII, sometimes Carl XII ( sv, Karl XII) or Carolus Rex (17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), was King of Sweden (including current Finland) from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of t ...

and his troops walk unopposed into

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

after troops capture the city. *

May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...

– Much of the city of

Uppsala Uppsala (, or all ending in , ; archaically spelled ''Upsala'') is the county seat of Uppsala County and the List of urban areas in Sweden by population, fourth-largest city in Sweden, after Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. It had 177,074 inha ...

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

is destroyed by fire. *

May 19 Events Pre-1600 * 639 – Ashina Jiesheshuai and his tribesmen assaulted Emperor Taizong at Jiucheng Palace. * 715 – Pope Gregory II is elected. * 1051 – Henry I of France marries the Rus' princess, Anne of Kiev. *1445 &n ...

– Over 90% of the city of

Bryggen Bryggen (''the dock''), also known as Tyskebryggen (, ''the German dock''), is a series of Hanseatic heritage commercial buildings lining up the eastern side of the Vågen harbour in the city of Bergen, Norway. Bryggen has been on the UNESCO ...

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

is destroyed and reduced to ashes in the Great Fire. *

June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks. * 1098 – First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later. 1601� ...

– English General

John Churchill General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reign ...

, later the Duke of Marlborough, takes command of the alliance of English, Dutch and German troops in the

.James Falkner, ''Marlborough's War Machine 1702-1711'' (Pen & Sword Military, 2014) p. 16 *

June 15 Events Pre-1600 * 763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history. * 844 – Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II. * 923 – Battle of So ...

– Queen Anne's Captain-General, John Churchill, forces the surrender of

Kaiserswerth Kaiserswerth is one of the oldest quarters of the City of Düsseldorf, part of Borough 5. It is in the north of the city and next to the river Rhine. It houses the where Florence Nightingale worked. Kaiserswerth has an area of , and 7,923 inh ...

on the Rhine after a siege that began on April 18. John A. Lynn, ''The Wars of Louis XIV 1667-1714'' (Taylor & Francis, 2013) *

June 16 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians. * 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king ...

– the

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

founds a settlement on

Pulo Condore Pulo may refer to: Places * Pulo, Cabuyao, a village in the Philippines * Pulo do Lobo, a waterfall in Portugal * Pulo Gadung, a subdistrict in Jakarta, Indonesia * Pulo Jehat, an island in Malaysia * Duri Pulo, Gambir, a village in Indonesia ...

(now called Côn Sơn Island) off the coast of southern

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

as an ''

entrepôt An ''entrepôt'' (; ) or transshipment port is a port, city, or trading post where merchandise may be imported, stored, or traded, usually to be exported again. Such cities often sprang up and such ports and trading posts often developed into co ...

'' for ships travelling between India and China. *

June 25 Events Pre-1600 * 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. * 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...

– The premiere of the opera ''L'Offendere per amore overo la Telesilla'' by

Johann Joseph Fux Johann Joseph Fux (; – 13 February 1741) was an Austrian composer, music theory, music theorist and pedagogy, pedagogue of the late Baroque music, Baroque era. His most enduring work is not a musical composition but his treatise on counterpoin ...

takes place in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

July–September

July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is re ...

(July 8 O.S.; July 9

) – Battle of Klissow:

decisively defeats the Polish–Lithuanian-

Saxon The Saxons ( la, Saxones, german: Sachsen, ang, Seaxan, osx, Sahson, nds, Sassen, nl, Saksen) were a group of Germanic * * * * peoples whose name was given in the early Middle Ages to a large country (Old Saxony, la, Saxonia) near the Nor ...

army as part of the

Great Northern War The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swedi ...

. *

July 23 Events Pre-1600 * 811 – Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury. * 1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a crushing victory over an Aydinid fleet off Chios. 16 ...

– The first performance of the opera '' Médus, roi des Mèdes'' by

François Bouvard François Bouvard (c. 1684–1760) was a French composer of the Baroque era. Originally from Lyon, Bouvard began his career as a singer at the Paris Opéra at the age of sixteen. When the quality of his voice deteriorated, he went to study in Rome ...

takes place at the

Paris Opera The Paris Opera (, ) is the primary opera and ballet company of France. It was founded in 1669 by Louis XIV as the , and shortly thereafter was placed under the leadership of Jean-Baptiste Lully and officially renamed the , but continued to be ...

. *

July 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. * 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. * 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Sti ...

– **

Camisard Camisards were Huguenots (French Protestants) of the rugged and isolated Cévennes region and the neighbouring Vaunage in southern France. In the early 1700s, they raised a resistance against the persecutions which followed Louis XIV's Revocation ...

hostilities begin in France with the assassination at

le Pont-de-Montvert Le Pont-de-Montvert (; oc, Lo Pònt de Montverd) is a former commune in the Lozère département in southern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Pont-de-Montvert-Sud-Mont-Lozère. It is located in the heart of the ...

of a local embodiment of royal oppression,

François Langlade François de Langlade du Chayla (c. 1647 – 24 July 1702) was the French Catholic Abbé of Chaila (or Chayla), Archpriest of the Cevennes and Inspector of Missions of the Cevennes. His brutal repression of French (Protestant) Huguenots by means o ...

, the Abbé of Chaila. ** A total eclipse of the sun is visible on a path crossing the northern Pacific Ocean and Central America. *

July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. *1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islan ...

(July 19 O.S.; July 20

) –

: Russia defeats Sweden during the Battle of Hummelshof. *

August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...

–

Częstochowa Częstochowa ( , ; german: Tschenstochau, Czenstochau; la, Czanstochova) is a city in southern Poland on the Warta River with 214,342 inhabitants, making it the thirteenth-largest city in Poland. It is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship (admin ...

, Poland, is captured by Swedish army during the

. *

September 19 Events Pre-1600 * 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed. * 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...

–

Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the List of Solar System objects by size, largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined, but ...

occults

Neptune Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and the farthest known planet in the Solar System. It is the fourth-largest planet in the Solar System by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. It is 17 times ...

. *

September 25 Events Pre-1600 * 275 – For the last time, the Roman Senate chooses an emperor; they elect 75-year-old Marcus Claudius Tacitus. * 762 – Led by Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, the Hasanid branch of the Alids begins the Alid Revolt a ...

– General

forces the surrender of

Venlo Venlo () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the southeastern Netherlands, close to the border with Germany. It is situated in the province of Limburg (Netherland ...

on the

Meuse River The Meuse ( , , , ; wa, Moûze ) or Maas ( , ; li, Maos or ) is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta. It has a t ...

October–December

October 1 Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadwig. ...

– The founding deed of the

University of Wrocław , ''Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau'' (before 1945) , free_label = Specialty programs , free = , colors = Blue , website uni.wroc.pl The University of Wrocław ( pl, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, U ...

is signed by the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I of the House of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia. *

October 12 Events Pre-1600 * 539 BC – The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon, ending the Babylonian empire. (Julian calendar) * 633 – Battle of Hatfield Chase: King Edwin of Northumbria is defeated and killed by an alliance u ...

– Sir

George Rooke Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Rooke (1650 – 24 January 1709) was an English naval officer. As a junior officer he saw action at the Battle of Solebay and again at the Battle of Schooneveld during the Third Anglo-Dutch War. As a captain, ...

fails in his initial attempt to take Cadiz, but captures a

Spanish treasure fleet The Spanish treasure fleet, or West Indies Fleet ( es, Flota de Indias, also called silver fleet or plate fleet; from the es, label=Spanish, plata meaning "silver"), was a convoy system of sea routes organized by the Spanish Empire from 1566 to ...

and destroys French and Spanish

warship A warship or combatant ship is a naval ship that is built and primarily intended for naval warfare. Usually they belong to the armed forces of a state. As well as being armed, warships are designed to withstand damage and are usually faster a ...

s. *

October 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. * 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...

– The

Battle of Friedlingen The Battle of Friedlingen was fought in 1702 between France and the Holy Roman Empire. The Imperial forces were led by Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden, while the French were led by Claude Louis Hector de Villars. The French were victori ...

takes place between

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

and the

. *

October 18 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation. * 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philos ...

– Battle of Flint River: Spanish and

Apalachee The Apalachee were an Indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands, specifically an Indigenous people of Florida, who lived in the Florida Panhandle until the early 18th century. They lived between the Aucilla River and Ochlockonee River,Bobby ...

Indian Indian or Indians may refer to: Peoples South Asia * Indian people, people of Indian nationality, or people who have an Indian ancestor ** Non-resident Indian, a citizen of India who has temporarily emigrated to another country * South Asia ...

forces fail in their attack against Creek Indians, supported by English traders, in what is now the state of

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

. *

October 19 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Second Punic War: At the Battle of Zama, Roman legions under Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal Barca, leader of the army defending Carthage. * 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in Nor ...

– The opera '' Der Sieg der fruchtbaren Pomona'' by

Reinhard Keiser Reinhard Keiser (9 January 1674 – 12 September 1739) was a German opera composer based in Hamburg. He wrote over a hundred operas. Johann Adolf Scheibe (writing in 1745) considered him an equal to Johann Kuhnau, George Frideric Handel and Georg ...

is premiered at the

Hamburg Opera The Hamburg State Opera (in German: Staatsoper Hamburg) is a German opera company based in Hamburg. Its theatre is near the square of Gänsemarkt. Since 2015, the current ''Intendant'' of the company is Georges Delnon, and the current ''Gener ...

for the birthday of King

Frederick IV of Denmark Frederick IV (Danish: ''Frederik''; 11 October 1671 – 12 October 1730) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1699 until his death. Frederick was the son of Christian V of Denmark-Norway and his wife Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel. Early lif ...

. *

October 23 Events Pre-1600 *4004 BC – James Ussher's proposed creation date of the world according to the Bible. *42 BC – Liberators' civil war: Mark Antony and Octavian decisively defeat an army under Brutus in the second part of the Battle ...

– **

Battle of Vigo Bay The Battle of Vigo Bay, also known as the Battle of Rande (; ), was a naval engagement fought on 23 October 1702 during the opening years of the War of the Spanish Succession. The engagement followed an Anglo-Dutch attempt to capture the Spanish ...

: English and Dutch forces capture the defended harbor of

Cádiz Cádiz (, , ) is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the Province of Cádiz, one of eight that make up the autonomous community of Andalusia. Cádiz, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, ...

. **

Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and again from 1 ...

forces the surrender of

Liège Liège ( , , ; wa, Lîdje ; nl, Luik ; german: Lüttich ) is a major city and municipality of Wallonia and the capital of the Belgian province of Liège. The city is situated in the valley of the Meuse, in the east of Belgium, not far from b ...

. *

October 27 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. * 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam. * 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia. * 1553 – Condemned as ...

– English troops plunder St. Augustine,

Spanish Florida Spanish Florida ( es, La Florida) was the first major European land claim and attempted settlement in North America during the European Age of Discovery. ''La Florida'' formed part of the Captaincy General of Cuba, the Viceroyalty of New Spain, ...

. *

October 28 Events Pre-1600 * 97 – Roman emperor Nerva is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir and successor. * 306 – Maxentius is proclaimed Roman emperor. * 312 – Constantine I defe ...

– Sieur Juchereau, Lieutenant General of

Montréal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple-p ...

, establishes the first trading post on the

Wabash River The Wabash River ( French: Ouabache) is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed May 13, 2011 river that drains most of the state of Indiana in the United States. It flows fro ...

in order to trade Buffalo hides with American Indians. The site of the trading post may be the modern-day location of

Vincennes, Indiana Vincennes is a city in and the county seat of Knox County, Indiana, Knox County, Indiana, United States. It is located on the lower Wabash River in the Southwestern Indiana, southwestern part of the state, nearly halfway between Evansville, Indi ...

. *

November 7 Events Pre-1600 * 335 – Athanasius is banished to Trier, on the charge that he prevented a grain fleet from sailing to Constantinople. * 680 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council commences in Constantinople. * 921 – Treaty of Bon ...

– The first performance of the opera ''

Tancrède ''Tancrède'' is a 1702 ''tragédie en musique'' (a French opera in the lyric tragedy tradition) in a prologue and five acts by composer André Campra and librettist Antoine Danchet, based on ''Gerusalemme liberata'' by Torquato Tasso. The opera ...

'' by

André Campra André Campra (; baptized 4 December 1660 – 29 June 1744) was a French composer and conductor of the Baroque era. The leading French opera composer in the period between Jean-Baptiste Lully and Jean-Philippe Rameau, Campra wrote several '' tra ...

takes place at the

Théâtre du Palais-Royal The Théâtre du Palais-Royal () is a 750-seat Parisian theatre at 38 rue de Montpensier, located at the northwest corner of the Palais-Royal in the Galerie de Montpensier at its intersection with the Galerie de Beaujolais. Brief history ...

in Paris. *

November 10 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Emperor Leo II dies after a reign of ten months. He is succeeded by his father Zeno, who becomes sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire. * 937 – Ten Kingdoms: Li Bian usurps the throne and deposes Emperor Yang ...

–

Queen Anne's War Queen Anne's War (1702–1713) was the second in a series of French and Indian Wars fought in North America involving the colonial empires of Great Britain, France, and Spain; it took place during the reign of Anne, Queen of Great Britain. In E ...

in North America: The Siege of St. Augustine opens; English forces besiege St. Augustine,

. *

November 15 Events Pre-1600 * 655 – Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. *1315 – Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy: The Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I in the Battle of Morg ...

– The opera ''La Clemenza d'Augusto'' by

is premiered in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

. *

November 22 Events Pre-1600 * 498 – After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Palace, while Laurentius is elected Pope in Santa Maria Maggiore. * 845 – The first duke of Brittany, Nominoe, defeats the Fra ...

– The

pinnace ''Amsterdam'' founders en route to

Basra Basra ( ar, ٱلْبَصْرَة, al-Baṣrah) is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab. It had an estimated population of 1.4 million in 2018. Basra is also Iraq's main port, although it does not have deep water access, which is hand ...

from Bombay during a storm. All hands are lost. *

December 14 Events Pre-1600 * 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia. * 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...

–

is created

duke of Marlborough General (United Kingdom), General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 Old Style and New Style dates, O.S.) was an Engl ...

. *

December 30 Events Pre-1600 *534 – The second and final edition of the Code of Justinian comes into effect in the Byzantine Empire. *999 – Battle of Glenmama: The combined forces of Munster and Meath under king Brian Boru inflict a crushi ...

– The Siege of St. Augustine in Spanish Florida is lifted.

Date unknown

* The travel diary ''

Oku no Hosomichi ''Oku no Hosomichi'' (, originally ), translated as ''The Narrow Road to the Deep North'' and ''The Narrow Road to the Interior'', is a major work of ''haibun'' by the Japanese poet Matsuo Bashō, considered one of the major texts of Japanese l ...

'' (meaning "Narrow road to/of the interior"), a major work of ''

haibun is a prosimetric literary form originating in Japan, combining prose and haiku. The range of ''haibun'' is broad and frequently includes autobiography, diary, essay, prose poem, short story and travel journal. History The term "''haibun''" was ...

'' by the Japanese poet

Matsuo Bashō born then was the most famous poet of the Edo period in Japan. During his lifetime, Bashō was recognized for his works in the collaborative '' haikai no renga'' form; today, after centuries of commentary, he is recognized as the greatest ma ...

and one of the major texts of Japanese literature of the

Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characteriz ...

, is published eight years after Bashō's death. *

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent Del ...

is designated a separate colony. *

Richard Bentley Richard Bentley FRS (; 27 January 1662 – 14 July 1742) was an English classical scholar, critic, and theologian. Considered the "founder of historical philology", Bentley is widely credited with establishing the English school of Hellen ...

at Cambridge in England introduces the first written (as opposed to oral) competitive examinations in a Western university.

Births

William Anne Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle, by Charles Philips

January–March

– Nabeshima Naotsune, Japanese daimyō (d.

1749 Events January–March * January 3 ** Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont. ** The first issue of ''Berlingske'', Denmark's oldest continually operating newspaper, ...

) *

January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...

Johann Adam von Ickstatt Johann Adam Freiherr von Ickstatt (6 January 1702 – 17 August 1776) was a German educator and director of the University of Ingolstadt. Born in Vockenhausen, he was a major proponent of the Enlightenment in Bavaria. He died in Waldsassen. He ...

, German educator and director of the University of Ingolstadt (d.

1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 1 ...

) **

José de Nebra José Melchor Baltasar Gaspar Nebra Blasco (January 6, 1702 – July 11, 1768) was a Spanish people, Spanish composer. His work combines Spanish traditions with the Italian style of his day. Biography José de Nebra was born in Calatayud and was ...

, Spanish composer (d.

1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Rep ...

) *

January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...

–

Johannes Zick Johannes (Johann) Zick (January 10, 1702 – March 4, 1762) was a German painter of frescoes in southern Germany and active during the Baroque period. He was the father of painter Januarius Zick and considered to be an important master of th ...

, German fresco painter (d. 1762) *

Jacques Aved Jacques-André-Joseph Aved (12 January 1702 – 4 March 1766), also called le Camelot (''The Hawker'') and Avet le Batave (''The Dutch Avet''), was a French painter of the 18th century and one of the main French Rococo portraitists. He pain ...

, French painter and Rococo portraitist (d. 1766) **

Józef Andrzej Załuski Józef Andrzej Załuski (12 January 17029 January 1774) was a Polish Catholic priest, Bishop of Kiev, a sponsor of learning and culture, and a renowned bibliophile. A member of the Polish nobility (''szlachta''), bearing the hereditary Junosza ...

, Polish Catholic priest (d. 1774) *

January 13 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years. * 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...

–

Thomas Arthur, comte de Lally Thomas Arthur, comte de Lally, baron de Tollendal (13 January 17029 May 1766) was a French general of Irish Jacobite ancestry. Lally commanded French forces, including two battalions of his own red-coated Regiment of Lally of the Irish Brigade ...

, French general of Irish Jacobite ancestry (d. 1766) *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...

–

Emperor Nakamikado was the 114th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 中御門天皇 (114)/ref>Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', p. 118. Nakamikado's birth nam ...

, of Japan (d.

1737 Events January–March * January 5 – Spain and the Holy Roman Empire sign instruments of cession at Pontremoli in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in Italy, with the Empire receiving control of Tuscany and the Grand Duchy of Parma a ...

) *

January 18 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later. * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail. * 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chi ...

– Sava II Petrović-Njegoš, Metropolitan of Cetinje (d.

1782 Events January–March * January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens. * January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the United States Congress to recommend establish ...

) *

January 24 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula. * 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt. *1438 – The Cou ...

–

Frederica Henriette of Anhalt-Bernburg Frederica Henriette of Anhalt-Bernburg (24 January 1702–4 April 1723) was a member of the House of Ascania and Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg by birth and a Princess of Anhalt-Köthen by marriage. Life Frederica Henriette was born in Bernbur ...

, member of the House of Ascania by birth and Princess of Anhalt-Köthen by marriage (d.

1723 Events January–March * January 25 – British pirate Edward Low intercepts the Portuguese ship ''Nostra Signiora de Victoria''. After the Portuguese captain throws his treasure of 11,000 gold coins into the sea rather than s ...

) *

January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. *1531 – The 6.4–7.1 1531 Lisbon earthquake, Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. *1564 – ...

– Johann Caspar Scheuchzer, Swiss naturalist (d. 1729) *

January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. * 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the t ...

–

Alan Brodrick, 2nd Viscount Midleton Alan Brodrick, 2nd Viscount Midleton (31 January 1702 – 8 June 1747) was a British peer and significant cricket patron who was jointly responsible for creating the sport's earliest known written rules. Cricket patronage Midleton succeeded his ...

, English cricketer (d. 1747) *

February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...

** Michael Adelbulner, German mathematician (d. 1779) **

Giovanni Battista Vaccarini Giovanni Battista Vaccarini (3 February 1702 – 11 March 1768) was a Sicilians, Sicilian architect, notable for his work in the Sicilian Baroque style in his homeland during the period of massive rebuilding following the 1693 Sicily earthquake, ea ...

, Italian architect (d.

) *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...

– Giovanni Carmine Pellerano, Italian Catholic prelate, member of the Knights Hospitaller (d. 1783) *

February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. * 1301 &nd ...

–

Carl August Thielo Carl August Thielo (February 7, 1707 – December 3, 1763) was a Danish composer. theatre entrepreneur, music teacher, organist from Saxony. He spent most of his life in Copenhagen from the 1720s onwards and founded the first opera house there i ...

, Danish composer (d.

1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...

) *

February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparkin ...

** Jean-Pierre Guignon, Franco-Italian composer and violinist (d. 1774) ** Carlo Marchionni, Italian architect (d.

1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...

) *

February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...

– Robert Hale, Massachusetts physician, soldier (d.

1767 Events January–March * January 1 – The first annual volume of ''The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris'', produced by British Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, gives navigators the ...

) *

February 26 Events Pre-1600 *747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events. * 364 – Valentinian I is p ...

– Rasmus Paludan, Norwegian theologian and priest (d.

1759 In Great Britain, this year was known as the ''Annus Mirabilis'', because of British victories in the Seven Years' War. Events January–March * January 6 – George Washington marries Martha Dandridge Custis. * January 11 &ndas ...

) *

February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...

Enrichetta d'Este Princess Enrichetta d'Este (Enrichetta Maria; 27 February 1702 – 30 January 1777) was a Duchess of Parma by marriage to her cousin Antonio Farnese, Duke of Parma. She was the Regent of Parma in 1731 during her alleged pregnancy in the interr ...

, Duchess of Parma (d.

1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...

) **

Johann Valentin Görner Johann Valentin Görner (27 February 170230 July 1762) was a German composer. He was born in Penig, the brother of organist Johann Gottlieb Görner. He died, aged 60, in Hamburg (male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone ...

, German composer (d. 1762) *

March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...

** Henrietta Maria of Brandenburg-Schwedt, granddaughter of the "Great Elector" Frederick William (d.

) **

Charles Stourton, 15th Baron Stourton Charles Stourton, 15th Baron Stourton (2 March 1702 – 11 March 1753) was the son of Charles Stourton (1669–1739), himself the third son of William Stourton, 12th Baron Stourton. Charles' mother was Katherine Frompton (died 1736). Charles was th ...

, son of Charles Stourton (1669–1739) (d.

1753 Events January–March * January 3 – King Binnya Dala of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom orders the burning of Ava, the former capital of the Kingdom of Burma. * January 29 – After a month's absence, Elizabeth Canning returns ...

) *

March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...

–

Jack Sheppard Jack Sheppard (4 March 1702 – 16 November 1724), or "Honest Jack", was a notorious English thief and prison escapee of early 18th-century London. Born into a poor family, he was apprenticed as a carpenter but took to theft and burglary in ...

, British burglar and escaper (d.

1724 Events January–March * January 15 – King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne in favour of his 16-year-old son Louis I. * January 18 – The Dutch East India Company cargo ship ''Fortuyn'', on its maiden voyage, dep ...

) *

March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. *1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bour ...

–

Anne Bonny Anne Bonny (8 March 1697 – disappeared April 1721), sometimes Anne Bonney, was an Irish pirate operating in the Caribbean, and one of the few female pirates in recorded history. What little that is known of her life comes largely from Capta ...

, Irish female pirate (d.

) *

March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...

–

Burkat Shudi Burkat Shudi (variants: Burkhart, Burkhardt, Schudi, Tschudi, Tshudi) (13 March 1702 – 19 August 1773) was an English harpsichord maker of Swiss origin. Biography He was born in Schwanden in the Canton of Glarus, and arrived in England in ...

, English harpsichord maker of Swiss origin (d. 1773) *

March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Emperor Tenmu, Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Asuka, Yamato#Imperial Palaces, Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka, Yamato, Asuka. *1206 – Michael IV of Constantinople, Michael IV Au ...

–

Thomas Penn Thomas Penn (8 March 1702 – 21 March 1775) was an English landowner and mercer who was the chief proprietor of Pennsylvania from 1746 to 1775. Penn is best known for his involvement in negotiating the Walking Purchase, a contested land cessi ...

, son of American colonial leader William Penn (d.

1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...

) *

March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...

– Bento de Moura Portugal (d. 1766) *

– Matthias de Visch, Flemish painter of history paintings and portraits (d. 1765) * March 25 –

Pieter Teyler van der Hulst Pieter Teyler van der Hulst (25 March 1702 – 8 April 1778) was a wealthy Dutch Mennonite merchant and banker, who died childless, leaving a legacy of two million florins (in today's terms: about EUR 80 million) to the pursuit of religion, art ...

, wealthy Dutch Mennonite merchant and banker (d. 1778) * March 27 – Johann Ernst Eberlin, German composer and organist (d. 1762) * March 28 – Ignacio de Luzán, Spanish critic and poet (d. 1754) * March 29 – Cesare Sportelli, Italian Roman Catholic Redemptorist lawyer (d. 1750) * March 31 – Barthélemy-Christophe Fagan, French playwright (d. 1755)

April–June

* April 5 ** Stephen Leake, English numismatist, officer of arms at the College of Arms in London (d. 1773) ** Solomon Lombard (d. 1781) * April 7 – William Rawlinson Earle (d. 1774) * April 10 – Jonathan Tyers (d.

) * April 16 – Juan de Balmaseda y Censano Beltrán (d. 1778) *

** Zenón de Somodevilla, 1st Marqués de la Ensenada, Spanish noble (d. 1781) ** Zenón de Somodevilla, 1st Marquess of Ensenada (d. 1781) * May 2 – Friedrich Christoph Oetinger, German Lutheran theologian and theosopher (d.

) * May 3 – John St John, 2nd Viscount St John (d. 1748) * May 8 – Andrew Lauder (burgess), Andrew Lauder, Burgess of the Royal Burgh of Lauder (1737) (d. 1769) * May 10 – Abraham Lehn, Danish landowner (d. 1757) * May 11 – Isaac Greenwood, American mathematician (d. 1745) * May 12 – Louis Philogène Brûlart, vicomte de Puisieulx, French foreign minister (d. 1770) *

– George Nevill, 14th Baron Bergavenny (d.

) * May 21 – John Rous, Royal Navy officer during King George's War and the Seven Years' War (d. 1760) * May 24 – Joseph Friedrich Ernst, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, fifth Prince (d. 1769) * June 1 – John Hancock Jr., colonial American clergyman, father of politician John Hancock (d. 1744) * June 5 ** Frederik Arentz, Lutheran bishop of Bjørgvin from 1762 to 1774 (d. 1779) ** Willem van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle (d. 1754) * June 7 – Louis George, Margrave of Baden-Baden from 1707 until his death (d. 1761) * June 9 – William Townshend (MP), William Townshend, British Member of Parliament (d. 1738) * June 13 – Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł, Polish-Lithuanian noble (d. 1762) * June 19 – Frederick Augustus Rutowsky, German general (d. 1764) * June 26 – Philip Doddridge, English religious leader (d. 1751) * June 30 – Elizabeth Timothy, colonial American printer and newspaper publisher in South Carolina who worked for Benjamin Franklin (d. 1757)

July–September

* July 6 – Franz Anton Maichelbeck, German organist and composer (d. 1750) * July 18 – Maria Clementina Sobieska, Polish noble (d. 1735) *

– Philemon Ewer, English shipbuilder (d. 1750) * July 20 – Christian Siegmund Georgi, evangelical theologian at Wittenberg, Germany (d. 1771) * July 22 – Alessandro Besozzi, Italian composer and virtuoso oboist (d. 1793) * July 31 – Jean Denis Attiret, French Jesuit missionary and painter (d.

) * August 2 – Dietrich of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince of the House of Ascania (d. 1769) * August 3 ** Sir Walter Bagot, 5th Baronet (d.

) ** George Rooke (priest), George Rooke, priest (d. 1754) * August 7 – Muhammad Shah, Mughal emperor of India (d. 1748) * August 14 – Philip Carteret Webb, English barrister (d. 1770) * August 16 – Roque Joaquín de Alcubierre, military engineer in the Spanish Army, discovered architectural remains at Pompeii and Herculaneum (d. 1780) * August 26 ** George Carpenter, 2nd Baron Carpenter, of England (d.

) ** Judith Madan, English poet (d. 1781) * August 28 – Jean Philippe d'Orléans, illegitimate son of future French regent Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, Philippe d'Orleans (d. 1748) * August 31 – Louis-François Roubiliac, French sculptor who worked in England (d. 1762) * September 2 – John Evans (1702–1782), John Evans, Welsh Anglican cleric (d.

) * September 4 – Legall de Kermeur, French chess player (d. 1792) * September 6 – Joseph Bonnier de la Mosson, French aristocrat (d. 1744) * September 12 ** Robert Hazard (Rhode Island politician), Robert Hazard, Rhode Island colonial deputy governor (d. 1751) ** Januarius Maria Sarnelli, Beatified Italian (d. 1746) * September 14 ** Ercole Lelli, Italian painter of the late-Baroque (d. 1766) ** Adriana Maas, Dutch stage actress (d. 1746) * September 20 – Francesco Serao, Italian physician (d. 1783)

October–December

* October 4 ** John Lindsay, 20th Earl of Crawford, British Army general (d.

) ** Honoré Armand de Villars, French nobleman, soldier, politician (d. 1770) * October 5 – Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen, German prince (d. 1787) * October 22 – Frédéric Maurice Casimir de La Tour d'Auvergne, French prince (d.

) * October 25 – Christoph II von Dohna, Prussian general (d. 1762) * October 29 – Tako Hajo Jelgersma, Dutch painter (d. 1795) * November 5 – Grégoire Orlyk, Ukrainian-born French Lieutenant General (d.

) * November 6 – Josias Weitbrecht, German professor of medicine and anatomy in Russia (d. 1747) *

– Abhai Singh of Marwar, Raja of Marwar (Jodhpur) Kingdom (r (d.

) * November 9 – Jacques-Georges Chauffepié, French biographer, Calvinist minister and preacher (d.

) * November 13 – Dominic Vallarsi, Italian priest (d. 1771) * November 14 – Francis Gashry (d. 1762) * November 20 ** Townsend Andrews (d.

) ** Winchcomb Packer (d. 1746) ** Apollos Rivoire (d. 1754) *

– Stephen Sewall, judge in colonial Massachusetts (d. 1760) * December 17 ** Robert Knight, 1st Earl of Catherlough, Member of the British Parliament (d. 1772) ** Marguerite de Lubert, French woman of letters (d. 1785) * December 21 – Tommaso Crudeli, Florentine free thinker who was imprisoned by the Roman Inquisition (d. 1745) * December 22 – Jean-Étienne Liotard, French painter (d. 1789)

Date unknown

* Margareta Momma, Swedish writer, journalist and editor (d. 1772) * Giuseppa Barbapiccola, Italian natural philosopher, poet and translator (d. 1740)

Deaths

Statue of Saint Joseph Oriol - Santa Maria del Mar - Barcelona 2014

Olaus Rudbeck Sr (portrait by Martin Mijtens Sr, 1696)

Herzogin Sophia Henriette von Sachsen-Hildburghausen

– Christian Adolf I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Franzhagen, German nobleman (b. 1641) * January 7 – Ernst von Trautson, Austrian Roman Catholic clergyman who was Prince-Bishop of Vienna (b. 1633) * January 17 – Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski, Polish noble (b. 1642) * February 16 – John Milner (nonjuror), John Milner, English clergyman (b. 1628) * February 17 – Peder Syv, Danish historian (b. 1631) *

– Munejjim-bashi Ahmed Dede, Münejjim Bashi, Ottoman astrologer, Sufi, and historian *

– Giuseppe de Lazzara, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Alife (1676–1702) (b. 1626) *

– Ignatius Gregory Peter VI Shahbaddin, Patriarch of the Syriac Catholic Church from 1678 to 1702 (b. c. 1641) *

** (buried) Jan de Baen, Dutch portrait painter (b. 1633) ** King

, Scotland and Ireland (b. 1650) * March 18 – Johannes Rothe, Dutch preacher (b. 1628) * March 23 – Joseph Oriol, Spanish Catholic priest, saint (b. 1650) *

– Sir James Clavering, 1st Baronet, English landowner (b. 1620) * April 2 – Iver Leganger, Norwegian priest, non-fiction writer (b. 1629) *

** Sir Henry Goring, 2nd Baronet, English politician (b. 1622) ** Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski, Polish nobleman (b. 1634) * April 10 – Theophilus Oglethorpe, English soldier, MP (b. 1650) * April 12 – Paul Mezger, Austrian Benedictine theologian and academic (b. 1637) *

– Anna Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury, English countess (b. 1642) * April 22 – François Charpentier, French archaeologist and man of letters (b. 1620) * April 23 – Margaret Fell, English Quaker leader (b. 1614) * April 27 ** Jean Bart, French naval commander and privateer (b. 1650) ** Emich Christian of Leiningen-Dagsburg, count (b. 1642) * May 10 – Antonio Gherardi, Italian painter (b. 1638) *

– Marc Hyacinthe de Rosmadec, French naval officer, appointed governor general of the French Antilles but died before taking office (b. 1635) * May 17 – Jan Wyck, Dutch military painter (b. 1645) * May 26 – Zeb-un-Nissa, Mughal princess and poet, imprisoned by her father for the last 20 years of her life (b. 1638) * May 27 – Dominique Bouhours, French critic (b. 1628) * June 1 – François Provost, career soldier from France who served in New France in 1665 (b. 1638) *

– John Moore (Lord Mayor), John Moore, Member of Parliament for the City of London (b. 1620) * June 7 – Benedetto Giacinto Sangermano, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Nusco (1680–1702) (b. 1638) * June 20 ** John Leyburn, English Roman Catholic bishop, Vicar Apostolic of England (b. 1615) ** Ippolito Vicentini, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Rieti (1670–1702) (b. 1638) * July 12 – Nanbu Shigenobu, Edo period Japanese samurai (b. 1616) *

– Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (b. 1671) * July 26 – Vincent van der Vinne, Dutch Mennonite painter (b. 1628) * August 1 – Sir William Courtenay, 1st Baronet, English politician (b. 1628) * August 8 – Callinicus II of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 1630) * August 14 – Louis Thomas, Count of Soissons and Prince of Savoy (b. 1657) * August 15 – Charles, Prince of Commercy, French field marshal (b. 1661) * September 11 – Sir Robert Southwell (diplomat), Sir Robert Southwell, English diplomat (b. 1635) * September 12 – Alfonso Basilio Ghetaldo, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Stagno (1694–1702) (b. 1647) * September 17 – Olaus Rudbeck, Swedish architect (b. 1630) * September 20 – William Campion (1640–1702), William Campion, English politician (b. 1640) * September 28 – Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, English statesman (b. 1641) *

– Franz Anton, Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (b. 1657) * October 15 ** Frances Stewart, Duchess of Richmond, famous for refusing to become a mistress of Charles II of England (b. 1647) ** Countess Sophie Henriette of Waldeck, Duchess of Saxe-Hildburghausen (b. 1662) * October 16 – Francesco Casati, Roman Catholic prelate, Titular Archbishop of ''Trapezus'' (1670–1702) (b. 1620) * October 17 ** François Genet, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Vaison (1686–1702) (b. 1640) ** Walrad, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, German prince and founder of the line of Nassau-Usingen (b. 1636) * October 22 – Guy Aldonce de Durfort de Lorges, French noble and soldier (b. 1630) *

– Niccolò Radulovich, Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1627) * November 2 – Andrés de las Navas y Quevedo, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Santiago de Guatemala (1682–1702) (b. 1632) * November 4 – John Benbow, English officer in the Royal Navy (b. 1653) * November 5 – William Stanley, 9th Earl of Derby (b. 1655) * November 13 – Dudley Bradstreet (magistrate), Dudley Bradstreet, American magistrate, Justice of the Peace of Andover (b. 1648) * November 26 – Gerrit de Heere, Governor of Dutch Ceylon during its Dutch period (b. 1657) * November 29 – Nanbu Yukinobu, early to mid-Edo period Japanese samurai (b. 1642) * December 8 ** Christopher Comstock, early settler of Norwalk (b. 1635) ** Philippe, Chevalier de Lorraine, French nobleman and member of the House of Guise (b. 1643) ** Bartolomeo Riberi, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Nicotera (1691–1702) (b. 1640) * December 16 – Henry FitzJames, illegitimate son of King James II of England and VII of Scotland by Arabella Churchill (b. 1673) * December 26 – Fitton Gerard, 3rd Earl of Macclesfield, English politician, earl (b. 1663)

References

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