It was also a particularly cold and wet year. Contemporary records claim that wine froze in the glasses in the

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 19 ...

Events

January–March

January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army. This prompts the tribunes who support him to flee to Ravenna, where Caesar is waiting. * 1325 – Alfonso IV ...

(December 28, 1694 O.S.) – The United Kingdom's last joint monarchy, the reign of husband-and-wife King William III and

Queen Mary II Mary II (30 April 166228 December 1694) was Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, co-reigning with her husband, William III & II, from 1689 until her death in 1694. Mary was the eldest daughter of James, Duke of York, and his first wife A ...

comes to an end with the death of Queen Mary, at the age of 32. Princess Mary had been installed as the monarch along with her husband and cousin, Willem Hendrik von Oranje,

Stadtholder In the Low Countries, ''stadtholder'' ( nl, stadhouder ) was an office of steward, designated a medieval official and then a national leader. The ''stadtholder'' was the replacement of the duke or count of a province during the Burgundian and H ...

of the

Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...

, in 1689 after

King James II James VII and II (14 October 1633 16 September 1701) was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII from the death of his elder brother, Charles II, on 6 February 1685. He was deposed in the Glorious Re ...

was deposed by Willem during the "

Glorious Revolution The Glorious Revolution; gd, Rèabhlaid Ghlòrmhor; cy, Chwyldro Gogoneddus , also known as the ''Glorieuze Overtocht'' or ''Glorious Crossing'' in the Netherlands, is the sequence of events leading to the deposition of King James II and ...

". *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...

(January 4 O.S.) – The Royal Navy warship HMS ''Nonsuch'' is captured near England's

Isles of Scilly The Isles of Scilly (; kw, Syllan, ', or ) is an archipelago off the southwestern tip of Cornwall, England. One of the islands, St Agnes, is the most southerly point in Britain, being over further south than the most southerly point of the ...

by the 48-gun French privateer ''Le Francois''. ''Nonsuch'' is then sold to the French Navy and renamed ''Le Sans Pareil''. *

January 24 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula. * 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt. *1438 – The Cou ...

–

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

's Court Theater is destroyed in a fire. *

January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...

– A flotilla of six Royal Navy warships under the command of Commodore James Killegrew aboard HMS ''Plymouth'' captures two French warships, the ''Content'' and the ''Trident'', the day after the French ships had mistaken the English fleet to be a group of merchant ships to attack. *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...

–

Mustafa II Mustafa II (; ota, مصطفى ثانى ''Muṣṭafā-yi sānī''; 6 February 1664 – 29 December 1703) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1695 to 1703. Early life He was born at Edirne Palace on 6 February 1664. He was the son of Sult ...

(1664 – 1703) succeeds his uncle, Ahmed II as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. *

March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...

– The funeral of Queen

Mary II of England Mary II (30 April 166228 December 1694) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England, List of Scottish monarchs, Scotland, and Monarchy of Ireland, Ireland, co-reigning with her husband, William III of England, William III & II, from 1689 unt ...

takes place, accompanied by music written for the occasion by

Henry Purcell Henry Purcell (, rare: September 1659 – 21 November 1695) was an English composer. Purcell's style of Baroque music was uniquely English, although it incorporated Italian and French elements. Generally considered among the greatest E ...

. * March 10 – Almost all French Army soldiers in a column of 1,300 troops, commanded by Brigadier General Urbain Le Clerc de Juigné, are killed or captured in the Battle of Sant Esteve d'en Bas against a smaller Spanish Empire force led by Ramon de Sala i Saçala during the War of the Grand Alliance. *

March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...

– John Trevor, Speaker of the English House of Commons, is expelled from the House by vote of the members, after being found guilty of accepting a bribe of 1000 pounds sterling from the City of London Corporation. *

March 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland. * 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...

– Paul Foley is elected as the new Speaker of the House after the expulsion of John Trevor. * March 26 – John Hungerford is expelled from the English House of Commons when members vote to find him guilty of accepting a bribe in return for using his committee chairmanship to promote the pending Orphans Bill.

April–June

April 17 Events Pre-1600 *1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. *1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Hasan ...

– The

House of Commons of England The House of Commons of England was the lower house of the Parliament of England (which incorporated Wales) from its development in the 14th century to the union of England and Scotland in 1707, when it was replaced by the House of Commons of ...

decides not to renew the Licensing Order of 1643, and states its reasoning, beginning with "Because it revives, and re-enacts, a Law which in no-wise answered the End for which it was made". The lifting of censorship creates a more open society, and an explosion of print results. Within 30 years, the number of printing houses in England increases from 20 to 103.Alvin B. Kernan, "Samuel Johnson and the Impact of Print" (Princeton University Press, 2021) p. 59 *

April 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil. * 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico. * 1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern ...

–

Sürmeli Ali Pasha Sürmeli Ali Pasha ( 1645 – 29 May 1695) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1694 to 1695. His epithet ''sürmeli'' literally means "wearing mascara" in Turkish. Ali was born in Didymoteicho (to ...

is fired from his position as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, after coming into a disagreement with the new Sultan, Mustafa II. Sürmeli is initially sent into exile, but executed on the Sultan's orders on May 29. *

April 27 Events Pre-1600 * 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''. * 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...

–

Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700) The Russo-Turkish War of 1686–1700 was part of the joint European effort to confront the Ottoman Empire. The larger European conflict was known as the Great Turkish War. The Russo-Turkish War began after the Tsardom of Russia joined the Europ ...

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

begins the

Azov campaigns (1695–96) Azov (russian: Азов), previously known as Azak, is a town in Rostov Oblast, Russia, situated on the Don River just from the Sea of Azov, which derives its name from the town. Population: History Early settlements in the vicinity The mo ...

against the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

, with 31,000 troops departing to the Ottoman fortress at Azov on the Don River."Azov campaigns of 1695–1696", ''The Black Sea Encyclopedia'' (Springer Berlin, 2014) p. 71 *

May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 4 ...

– The 7.8 magnitude Linfen earthquake in Shanxi Province, Qing Dynasty kills over 50,000 people. * June 11 – An annular eclipse of the sun is visible across South America. * June 24 – The Commission of Enquiry into the Massacre of Glencoe in

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the ...

1692 Events January–March * January 24 – At least 75 residents of what is now York, Maine are killed in the Candlemas Massacre, carried out by French soldiers led by missionary Louis-Pierre Thury, along with a larger force of Abenaki and ...

reports to the

Parliament of England The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England from the 13th century until 1707 when it was replaced by the Parliament of Great Britain. Parliament evolved from the great council of bishops and peers that advised t ...

, blaming Sir John Dalrymple, Secretary of State over Scotland, and declares that a soldier should refuse to obey a "command against the law of nature".

July–September

July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine II of ...

– The Siege of Namur begins in the

Spanish Netherlands Spanish Netherlands (Spanish: Países Bajos Españoles; Dutch: Spaanse Nederlanden; French: Pays-Bas espagnols; German: Spanische Niederlande.) (historically in Spanish: ''Flandes'', the name "Flanders" was used as a ''pars pro toto'') was the Ha ...

(now

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...

). * July 15 – The siege of the Ottoman fortress at Azaq by the Russian Army begins, but is unsuccessful and is discontinued after October 2 (September 22 O.S.). * July 17 – The Bank of Scotland is founded. * August 8 – The Wren Building is started in

Williamsburg, Virginia Williamsburg is an Independent city (United States), independent city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it had a population of 15,425. Located on the Virginia Peninsula ...

(completed in

1700 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 19), where then Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 11 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 17 ...

). *

August 13 Events Pre-1600 * 29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes. * 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas. * 554 – Em ...

–15 –

Nine Years' War The Nine Years' War (1688–1697), often called the War of the Grand Alliance or the War of the League of Augsburg, was a conflict between France and a European coalition which mainly included the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarch ...

: Brussels is bombarded by

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

troops. *

September 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated. * 1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancon ...

–

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

surrenders

Namur Namur (; ; nl, Namen ; wa, Nameur) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is both the capital of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration. Namu ...

to forces of the Grand Alliance, led by King

William III of England William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of County of Holland, Holland, County of Zeeland, Zeeland, Lordship of Utrecht, Utrec ...

, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, following the 2-month Siege of Namur. *

September 7 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem. * 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned as king of West Francia by Pope John VIII. *1159 – Pope Alexander III is chosen. *1191 – Third Cru ...

–

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

pirate Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, v ...

Henry Every Henry Every, also known as Henry Avery (20 August 1659after 1696), sometimes erroneously given as Jack Avery or John Avery, was an English pirate who operated in the Atlantic and Indian oceans in the mid-1690s. He probably used several aliases ...

perpetrates one of the most profitable raids in history, with the capture of the Grand Mughal ship '' Ganj-i-Sawai''. In response, Emperor

Aurangzeb Muhi al-Din Muhammad (; – 3 March 1707), commonly known as ( fa, , lit=Ornament of the Throne) and by his regnal title Alamgir ( fa, , translit=ʿĀlamgīr, lit=Conqueror of the World), was the sixth emperor of the Mughal Empire, ruling ...

threatens to put an end to all English trading in India. *

September 24 Events Pre-1600 *787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia. *1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near ...

– All but eight of the remaining 305 crew of the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

ship are killed when the ship founders in the

Florida Keys The Florida Keys are a coral cay archipelago located off the southern coast of Florida, forming the southernmost part of the continental United States. They begin at the southeastern coast of the Florida peninsula, about south of Miami, and e ...

. According to the ship's logbook, an epidemic of

yellow fever Yellow fever is a viral disease of typically short duration. In most cases, symptoms include fever, chills, loss of appetite, nausea, muscle pains – particularly in the back – and headaches. Symptoms typically improve within five days. In ...

began on August 1 and had killed 45 people before the hurricane struck, and left all but seven crew members too ill to walk.

October–December

* October 11 – King William III of England dissolves

Parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

in the wake of a scandal involving former Speaker of the House of Commons John Trevor and other Tory MPs. *

October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...

– The 48-gun English Navy ship HMS ''Berkeley Castle'' is captured by the French Navy. *

November 22 Events Pre-1600 * 498 – After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Palace, while Laurentius is elected Pope in Santa Maria Maggiore. * 845 – The first duke of Brittany, Nominoe, defeats the Fra ...

– The new Parliament, with 513 members of the House of Commons is opened by King William III. Commons is composed of 257 Whigs (who hold a majority of one), 203 Tories and 53 members of other parties or independents. * December 6 – A total eclipse of the sun is visible across the Middle East and western Asia. *

December 31 It is known by a collection of names including: Saint Sylvester's Day, New Year's Eve or Old Years Day/Night, as the following day is New Year's Day. It is the last day of the year; the following day is January 1, the first day of the followin ...

– A

window tax Window tax was a property tax based on the number of windows in a house. It was a significant social, cultural, and architectural force in England, France, and Ireland during the 18th and 19th centuries. To avoid the tax, some houses from the pe ...

is imposed in

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

. Some windows are bricked up to avoid it.

Date unknown

* English manufacturers call for an embargo on Indian cloth, and silk weavers picket the

. * A £2 fine is imposed for

swearing Profanity, also known as cursing, cussing, swearing, bad language, foul language, obscenities, expletives or vulgarism, is a socially offensive use of language. Accordingly, profanity is language use that is sometimes deemed impolite, rud ...

. * After 23 years of construction,

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

completes ''

Castillo de San Marcos The Castillo de San Marcos (Spanish for "St. Mark's Castle") is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States; it is located on the western shore of Matanzas Bay in the city of St. Augustine, Florida. It was designed by the Spanish ...

'' to protect

St. Augustine, Florida St. Augustine ( ; es, San Agustín ) is a city in the Southeastern United States and the county seat of St. Johns County on the Atlantic coast of northeastern Florida. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorers, it is the oldest continuously inhabit ...

, from foreign threats. * After many years of construction, the

Potala Palace The Potala Palace is a ''dzong'' fortress in Lhasa, Tibet. It was the winter palace of the Dalai Lamas from 1649 to 1959, has been a museum since then, and a World Heritage Site since 1994. The palace is named after Mount Potalaka, the mythica ...

Lhasa Lhasa (; Lhasa dialect: ; bo, text=ལྷ་ས, translation=Place of Gods) is the urban center of the prefecture-level city, prefecture-level Lhasa (prefecture-level city), Lhasa City and the administrative capital of Tibet Autonomous Regio ...

is completed. *

Gold Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from la, aurum) and atomic number 79. This makes it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. It is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile met ...

is discovered in

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. *

Johanne Nielsdatter Johanne Nielsdatter or Johanne Nilsdatter (died 1695), was a Norwegian woman who was executed for witchcraft. Her execution is the last confirmed execution for witchcraft in Norway. Life She was from Kvæfjord in present-day Troms og Finnmark. ...

is executed for witchcraft, the last such confirmed execution in Norway. * In

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

, the bank ''Wed. Jean Deutz & Sn.'' floats the first sovereign bonds on the local market. The scheme is designed to fund a 1.5 million guilder loan to the

Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans ( la, Imperator Romanorum, german: Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period ( la, Imperat ...

. From this date on, European leaders commonly take advantage of the low interest rates available in the

, and borrow several hundred millions on the Dutch capital market. * A large unidentified tropical volcanic eruption causes colder temperatures, crop failure, food shortage and mortality in north-western Europe. * The

Great Famine of 1695–1697 The Great Famine of 1695–1697, or simply the Great Famine, was a catastrophic famine that affected the present Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Norway and Sweden, all of which belonged to the Swedish Empire with the exception of Norway. The areas worst ...

begins as the

Great Famine of Estonia (1695–97) Great may refer to: Descriptions or measurements * Great, a relative measurement in physical space, see Size * Greatness, being divine, majestic, superior, majestic, or transcendent People * List of people known as "the Great" *Artel Great (born ...

in Swedish Estonia and spreads across

Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...

Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

and

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

, while the "

seven ill years The Seven Ill Years, also known as the Seven Lean Years (), is the term used for a period of widespread and prolonged famine in Scotland during the 1690s, named after the Biblical famine in Egypt predicted by Joseph in the Book of Genesis. Esti ...

" of famine in

are ongoing.

Births

Rumilly after Tocqué - Presumed portrait of Françoise de Graffigny - Versailles

Sir Peter Halkett, 2nd Baronet of Pitfirrane by Hans Hysing

Mademoiselle de Charolais (Louise Anne de Bourbon-Condé, 1695-1758) by Alexandre François Caminade (Versailles)

Meytens, Martin van - Self-portrait - 1740s

Pierre Gobert, Gallery of Beauties, Nymphenburg - Duchesse de Berry

January–March

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...

–

Sir Robert Cotton, 3rd Baronet Sir Robert Salusbury Cotton, 3rd Baronet (2 January 1695 – 27 August 1748) was a politician in Great Britain. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Cheshire from 1727 to 1734 and for Lostwithiel Lostwithiel (; kw, Lostwydhyel) is a civil p ...

, British politician (d.

1748 Events January–March * January 12 – Ahmad Shah Durrani captures Lahore. * January 27 – A fire at the prison and barracks at Kinsale, in Ireland, kills 54 of the prisoners of war housed there. An estimated 500 prison ...

) *

January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...

– Giuseppe Sammartini, Italian composer and oboist (d.

1750 Various sources, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, use the year 1750 as a baseline year for the end of the pre-industrial era. Events January–March * January 13 – The Treaty of Madrid between Spain ...

) *

January 9 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain. *1127 – Jin–Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the J ...

–

Ferdinand Ashmall Ferdinand Ashmall (9 January 1695 – 2 February 1798) was an English centenarian and Catholic priest for the Catholic Church in England and Wales. Biography He was born on 9 January 1695 in Elwick, County Durham to Thomas Ashmall and Mary ...

, British clergy (d.

1798 Events January–June * January – Eli Whitney contracts with the U.S. federal government for 10,000 muskets, which he produces with interchangeable parts. * January 4 – Constantine Hangerli enters Bucharest, as Prince of Wa ...

) *

January 18 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later. * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail. * 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chi ...

–

Paul Bécart de Granville et de Fonville Paul Bécart de Granville et de Fonville (January 18, 1695 – March 19, 1754) was an officer in the colonial regular troops and a seigneur. Bécart de Fonville, was the brother of Charles Bécart de Granville et de Fonville, a king’s attorney ...

, French colonial officer (d.

1754 Events January–March * January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''. * February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Pla ...

) *

January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...

Prince Francis Ernest of Hesse-Darmstadt Francis Ernest of Hesse-Darmstadt (born 25 January 1695 in Gießen; died: 8 January 1716 in Darmstadt) was a German nobleman. He was the third son of Count Landgrave Ernest Louis of Hesse-Darmstadt (1667–1739) from his marriage to Dorothea C ...

, German aristocrat (d.

1716 Events January–March * January 16 – The application of the Nueva Planta decrees to Catalonia make it subject to the laws of the Crown of Castile, and abolishes the Principality of Catalonia as a political entity, concluding ...

) ** Satake Yoshitada (d.

1715 Events For dates within Great Britain and the British Empire, as well as in the Russian Empire, the "old style" Julian calendar was used in 1715, and can be converted to the "new style" Gregorian calendar (adopted in the British Empire i ...

) *

January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. *1531 – The 6.4–7.1 1531 Lisbon earthquake, Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. *1564 – ...

–

José Quer y Martínez José Quer y Martínez (1695–1764), was a Spanish doctor and botanist. This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation when citing a botanical name. Biography Quer studied medicine and surgery in his hometown of Perpignan, where he wa ...

, Spanish botanist (d.

1764 1764 ( MDCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday and is the fifth year of the 1760s decade, the 64th year of the 18th century, and the 764th year of the 2nd millennium. Events January–June * January 7 – The Siculicidium is ...

) *

–

Anne Howard, Countess of Effingham Anne Howard, Countess of Effingham (27 January 1695 – 15 November 1774), formerly Anne (or Annie) Bristow, was the second wife of Francis Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham. She was the daughter of Robert Bristow, MP. Her brothers Robert and Jo ...

, British countess (d.

1774 Events January–March * January 21 – Mustafa III, List of Ottoman Sultans, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, dies and is succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I. * January 27 ** An angry crowd in Boston, Massachusetts seizes, tars, and f ...

) *

February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...

** William Borlase, English antiquarian, geologist and naturalist (d.

1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Carolin ...

) **

François de Chevert François de Chevert (2 February 1695 – 24 January 1769) was a French general. Chevert was born in Verdun, Meuse (department), Meuse. He entered service in 1706, became major in Beauce's regiment in Toul in 1728, later in 1739 lieutenant-colone ...

, French general (d.

1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...

) **

Christoph Sauer Christoph Sauer (1695 – September 25, 1758) was the first German-language printer and publisher in North America. Johann Christoph Sauer was born in 1695 in Ladenburg (near Heidelberg), the son of a Reformed pastor. He came to the county ( ...

, German-American printer and ublisher (d.

1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt ...

) *

–

Nicolaus II Bernoulli Nicolaus II Bernoulli, a.k.a. Niklaus Bernoulli, Nikolaus Bernoulli (6 February 1695, Basel, Old Swiss Confederacy, Switzerland – 31 July 1726, Saint Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Imperial Russia, Russia) was a Switzerland, Swiss mathematician as ...

, Russian mathematician (d.

1726 Events January–March * January 23 – (January 12 Old Style) The Conventicle Act (''Konventikelplakatet'') is adopted in Sweden, outlawing all non-Lutheran religious meetings outside of church services. * January 26 – ...

) *

February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparkin ...

–

Armand Jules de Rohan-Guéméné Armand-Jules de Rohan-Guémené (Paris, 10 February 1695 - Saverne, 28 August 1762) was a French ecclesiastic, Peer of France and the Archbishop of Reims. Early life Prince de Guemene was the fifteenth child of Charles III de Rohan, Prince of Gu� ...

, French archbishop (d.

1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Britain enters the Seven Years' War against Spain and Naples. * January 5 – Empress Elisabeth of Russia dies, and is succeeded by her nephew Peter III. Peter, an admirer of Frederick t ...

) *

February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...

Françoise de Graffigny Françoise de Graffigny (''née'' Françoise d'Issembourg du Buisson d'Happoncourt; 11 February 1695 – 12 December 1758), better known as Madame de Graffigny, was a French novelist, playwright and salon hostess. Initially famous as the author o ...

, French writer (d.

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...

) **

Abraham Pelt Abraham Pelt (11 February 1695 - 14 April 1783) was a Danish industrialist and philanthropist. Early life Pelt was born in Copenhagen, the son of Hans Peter Pelt (died 1715) and Dorothea Kellinghusen (died 1732). In 1708, his father, who was orig ...

, Danish industrialist and philanthropist (d.

1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...

) *

February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th. *1462 – The ...

–

Francesco Maria Della Rovere Francesco Maria Della Rovere (Genoa, 13 February 1695 - Genoa, 23 May 1768) was the 168th Doge of the Republic of Genoa, the last member of the Genoese branch of the Della Rovere family. Biography During his mandate as Doge of Genoa, he comm ...

, politician (d.

1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Rep ...

) *

February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...

–

Joseph Anton Glantschnigg Joseph Anton Glantschnigg (1695–1750) was a German painter of historical, genre, and landscape scenes, born and deceased in Bolzano, but active in Würzburg. He was the son of painter Ulrich Glantschnigg. References CERL Thesaurus entry
...

, painter of German origin (d.

1755 Events January–March * January 23 (O. S. January 12, Tatiana Day, nowadays celebrated on January 25) – Moscow University is established. * February 13 – The kingdom of Mataram on Java is divided in two, creating the ...

) *

February 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire. * 1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Kar ...

–

Philippe-Claude de Montboissier de Beaufort Noël-Philippe-Claude de Montboissier de Beaufort, ''marquis de Canillac'' (16 February 1695 – 31 September 1765), was an 18th-century French soldier, diplomat and peer of France. The son of Jean-Gaspard de Montboissier, baron de Dienne (who di ...

, French politician (d.

1765 Events January–March * January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna. * January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ru ...

) *

February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The Prus ...

– Anthony Grey, Earl of Harold, English noble (d.

1723 Events January–March * January 25 – British pirate Edward Low intercepts the Portuguese ship ''Nostra Signiora de Victoria''. After the Portuguese captain throws his treasure of 11,000 gold coins into the sea rather than s ...

) *

March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...

– Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf, German music publisher (d.

1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...

) *

March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 &nd ...

–

María Anna Águeda de San Ignacio María Anna Aguilar Velarde (March 3, 1695 – February 25, 1756), more commonly known as Sor María Anna Águeda de San Ignacio, was a Mexican people, Mexican author. She was born in Atlixco in New Spain (now Mexico) to a Spanish father and an A ...

, Mexican writer (d.

1756 Events January–March * January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Kingdom of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain. *February 7 & ...

) *

March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...

–

Marie Huber Marie Huber (4 March 1695 – 13 June 1753) was a Genevan writer on theology and related subjects, as well as a translator and editor, at a time when it was rare for a female writer to write about theology. Huber was a proponent of universalis ...

, Genevan writer and theologian (d.

1753 Events January–March * January 3 – King Binnya Dala of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom orders the burning of Ava, the former capital of the Kingdom of Burma. * January 29 – After a month's absence, Elizabeth Canning returns ...

) *

March 9 Events Pre-1600 *141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. *1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg. * 1226 – ...

–

Martín Sarmiento Martín Sarmiento or Martiño Sarmiento, also Father Sarmiento (born Pedro José García Balboa; 9 March 1695 in Villafranca del Bierzo, El Bierzo – 7 December 1772 in Madrid) was a Spanish scholar, writer and Benedictine monk, illustrious repres ...

, Spanish scholar and writer (d.

) * March 10 –

Adrien Manglard Adrien is a given name and surname, and the French spelling for the name Adrian. It is also the masculine form of the feminine name Adrienne. It may refer to: People Given name * Adrien Auzout (1622–1691), French astronomer * Adrien Baille ...

, French painter and engraver (d.

1760 Events January–March * January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas. * January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the Fr ...

) *

March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...

– Mihael Summa, Albanian clergyman and auxiliary bishop (d.

) *

March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...

– Daniel Overbeek, Dutch colonial governor (d.

1751 In Britain and its colonies (except Scotland), 1751 only had 282 days due to the British Calendar Act of 1751, which ended the year on 31 December (rather than nearly three months later according to its previous rule). Events January&nd ...

) *

March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. *44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – Odoa ...

Infante António of Portugal Infante António of Portugal () (Lisbon, 15 March 1695 - Lisbon, 20 October 1757) was a Portuguese ''infante'' (prince), the third surviving son of Peter II, King of Portugal, and his wife Maria Sophia of Neuburg. Life António Francisco Xavier ...

, Portuguese infante (d.

) **

Alexander Joseph Sulkowski Alexander Joseph, Count Sulkowski (; 15 March 1695 – 21 May 1762) was Polish general and the progenitor of the Sułkowski noble line. He was politically active in Poland, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and in the Electorate of Saxony. Bor ...

, Polish and Saxon general (d.

) * March 16 ** Christian Hilfgott Brand, German Austrian painter (d.

) ** William Greene, Governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (d.

) * March 19 ** William Noel, English barrister, judge and politician, (d.

) **

Christian Seybold Christian Seybold (19 March 1695, Neuenhain, Bad Soden - 29 September 1768, Vienna)Biographical notes
@ Hes ...

, German painter (d.

) * March 20 –

Toki Yoritoshi was a Japanese ''daimyō'' of the Edo period. He served in a variety of positions in the Tokugawa shogunate, including ''Kyoto Shoshidai'' (1734–1732) and ''rōjū''.Screech, p. 114. At some point, there was a devastating fire in Heian-kyō wh ...

, Daimyo in the Tokugawa shogunate (d.

1744 Events January–March * January 6 – The Royal Navy ship ''Bacchus'' engages the Spanish Navy privateer ''Begona'', and sinks it; 90 of the 120 Spanish sailors die, but 30 of the crew are rescued. * January 24 – The Dag ...

) * March 27 – Johann Philipp Anton von Franckenstein, German priest (d.

)

April–June

April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. *1139 – Ro ...

–

Johann Christian Günther Johann Christian Günther (8 April 1695 – 15 March 1723) was a German poet from Striegau in Lower Silesia. After attending the gymnasium at Schweidnitz, he was sent in 1715 by his father, a country doctor, to study medicine at Wittenberg; b ...

, German poet (d.

) *

April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho ...

–

Pietro Guarneri Pietro Guarnieri (14 April 1695 – 7 April 1762) was an Italian luthier. Sometimes referred to as ''Pietro da Venezia'', he was the son of Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Guarneri, ''filius Andreae'', and the last of the Guarneri house of violin-mak ...

, Italian luthier (d.

) * April 16 –

Christoph Jacob Trew Christoph Jacob Trew (16 April 1695 in Lauf an der Pegnitz – 18 July 1769) was a German botanist. He was originally a city solicitor, court physician, Count Palatine of the Holy Roman Empire, an advisor to the Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach. H ...

, German physician and botanist (d.

) *

–

Ludovico Valenti Ludovico Valenti (27 April 1695 in Trevi, Umbria – 18 October 1763 in Rome) was an Italian nobleman, ecclesiastical lawyer, papal bureaucrat, Cardinal, and Bishop of Rimini. Family and Youth Ludovico was the son of Alessandro Valenti and Paoli ...

, Italian cardinal (d.

1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...

) *

April 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at ...

** Roger Morris, English architect (d.

1749 Events January–March * January 3 ** Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont. ** The first issue of ''Berlingske'', Denmark's oldest continually operating newspaper, ...

) ** Georg Albrecht of Saxe-Weissenfels, Count of Barby, German noble, Count of Barby (d.

1739 Events January–March * January 1 – Bouvet Island is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, in the South Atlantic Ocean. * January 3: A 7.6 earthquake shakes the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ...

) * May 1 –

Pierre Saint-Sevin Pierre Saint-Sevin, dit ''l'Abbé l'ainé'' (1 May 1695 in Bordeaux – May 1768 in Paris) was a French cellist and composer. Along with his brother Philippe Saint-Sevin, he was a music-master of the parish church of Agen in Aquitaine early in ...

, French composer (d.

) * May 2 –

Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni Jean-Nicolas Servan, also known as Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni (2 May 1695 – 19 January 1766) was an Italian decorator, architect, scene-painter, firework designer and trompe-l'œil specialist. He was born in Florence, the son of a French ...

, French architect and painter (d.

1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...

) * May 3 **

Pacifico Bizza Pacifico Bizza (born in 1695 in Arbe) was a Croatian people, Croatian clergyman and bishop for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska. He was appointed bishop in 1738. He died in 1756.https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dspli.html ...

, Roman-Catholic archbishop (d.

) **

Henri Pitot Henri Pitot (; May 3, 1695 – December 27, 1771) was a French hydraulic engineer and the inventor of the pitot tube. In a pitot tube, the height of the fluid column is proportional to the square of the velocity of the fluid at the depth of the ...

, French hydraulic engineer (d.

1771 Events January– March * January 5 – The Great Kalmyk (Torghut) Migration is led by Ubashi Khan, from the east bank of the Lower Volga River back to the homeland of Dzungaria, at this time under Qing Dynasty rule. * January 9 ...

) * May 6 –

Isaac Wilkinson Isaac Wilkinson (baptised 6 May 1695 - 31 January 1784) was an English industrialist, one of the founders of the iron industry and pioneer of the Industrial Revolution. However, his business ethics were precarious and his commercial affairs frequen ...

, English businessman (d.

1784 Events January–March * January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea. * January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Brit ...

) * May 7 **

Sir Robert Grosvenor, 6th Baronet Sir Robert Grosvenor, 6th Baronet (7 May 1695 – 1 August 1755) of Eaton Hall, Cheshire, was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1733 to 1755. He was an ancestor of the present Dukes of Westminster. Grosvenor was t ...

, British politician (d.

) **

Gabriel Huquier Gabriel Huquier (1695–1772) was an entrepreneurial French draughtsman, engraver, printmaker, publisher, and art collector, who became a pivotal figure in the production of French 18th-century ornamental etchings and engravings Biography Huqu ...

, French art dealer (d.

) *

May 8 Events Pre-1600 * 453 BC – Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin. * 413 – Emperor Honorius signs a ...

–

John Lee John Lee may refer to: Academia * John Lee (astronomer) (1783–1866), president of the Royal Astronomical Society * John Lee (university principal) (1779–1859), University of Edinburgh principal * John Lee (pathologist) (born 1961), English ...

, British politician (d.

1761 Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, and restore the Mughal Empire to Shah Alam II. * January 16 – Siege of Pondi ...

) *

May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...

–

Louis-Urbain-Aubert de Tourny Louis-Urbain-Aubert de Tourny (1695, in Les Andelys – 1760, in Paris) was a French administrator active in 18th century Bordeaux. At first maître des requêtes, in 1730 he was made intendant to Limoges. In 1743, he became intendant of Guy ...

, French intendant (d.

) *

May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 11 ...

–

Anna Folkema Anna Folkema (22 May 1695 – 8 October 1768), was an 18th-century engraver from the Northern Netherlands. Biography Folkema was born in Dokkum as the daughter of Johann Jakob Folkema, a goldsmith.

, Engraver from the Northern Netherlands (d.

) *

May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...

– Miguel Cabrera, Mexican painter (d.

) * May 28 –

Alexander Leslie, 5th Earl of Leven Alexander Melville (also Alexander Leslie), 5th Earl of Leven (28 May 1695 – 2 September 1754) was a Scottish aristocrat. Early life He was the son of David Melville, 3rd Earl of Leven (1660–1728) and Lady Anne Wemyss (1675–1702). His mo ...

, British politician (d.

) *

June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Philippikos Ba ...

–

Francis Wise Francis Wise (3 June 1695 – 5 October 1767) was an academic, archivist, librarian and antiquarian at the University of Oxford. Life Francis Wise was born in Oxford on 3 June 1695. His father, Francis Wise, was a mercer. After being educated at ...

, Keeper of the archive at the University of Oxford (d.

1767 Events January–March * January 1 – The first annual volume of ''The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris'', produced by British Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, gives navigators the ...

) *

June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...

–

Johann Conrad Schlaun Johann Conrad Schlaun (June 5, 1695 in Nörde now Warburg – October 21, 1773 in Münster) was a German architect. He is an important architect of the Westphalian Baroque architectural style. His designs include the Erbdrostenhof and Schloss, ...

, German architect (d.

1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...

) *

June 6 Events Pre-1600 * 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...

– Adriaan Valckenier, Dutch

Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies The governor-general of the Dutch East Indies ( nl, gouverneur-generaal van Nederlands Indië) represented Dutch rule in the Dutch East Indies between 1610 and Dutch recognition of the independence of Indonesia in 1949. Occupied by Japanese fo ...

(

1737 Events January–March * January 5 – Spain and the Holy Roman Empire sign instruments of cession at Pontremoli in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in Italy, with the Empire receiving control of Tuscany and the Grand Duchy of Parma a ...

1741 Events January–March * January 13 – Lanesborough, Massachusetts is created as a township. * February 13 – Sir Robert Walpole, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, popularizes the term "the balance of power" in a spe ...

) (d.

) * June 14 – Johann Friedrich Walther, German teacher, organist and draughtsman (d.

1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 1 ...

) *

June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. * 1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...

–

Henri-Michel Guedier de Saint-Aubin Henri-Michel Guedier de Saint-Aubin (June 17, 1695-Sept. 27, 1742) was a French theologian. He was born at Gournay-en-Bray June 17, 1695. He studied at Paris, and received the doctor's degree from the Sorbonne Oct. 29,1723. He became professo ...

, French theologist (d.

) *

June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...

Joseph Banks Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, (19 June 1820) was an English naturalist, botanist, and patron of the natural sciences. Banks made his name on the 1766 natural-history expedition to Newfoundland and Labrador. He took part in Captain James ...

, English landowner and MP (d.

) **

Sir Peter Halkett, 2nd Baronet Sir Peter Halkett, 2nd Baronet (21 June 1695 – 9 July 1755) was a Scottish baronet who served in the British army and was Member of Parliament for Stirling Burghs from 1734 to 1741. His regiment was posted to North America during the 1754–1 ...

, politician (d.

) *

June 23 Events Pre-1600 * 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu. * 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships. * 1280 – The Spanish Re ...

–

Louise Anne de Bourbon Louise Anne de Bourbon, ''Mademoiselle de Charolais'' (23 June 1695 – 8 April 1758) was a French princess, the daughter of Louis III de Bourbon, Prince of Condé. Her father was the grandson of '' le Grand Condé'', while her mother, Louise Fr ...

, French princess, the daughter of Louis III de Bourbon (d.

) * June 24 –

Martin van Meytens Martin van Meytens (24 June 1695 – 23 March 1770) was a Sweden, Swedish-Austrian painter who painted members of the Royal Court of Austria such as Marie Antoinette, Maria Theresa, Maria Theresa of Austria, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, the Em ...

, Austrian artist (d.

1770 Events January– March * January 1 – The foundation of Fort George, Bombay is laid by Colonel Keating, principal engineer, on the site of the former Dongri Fort. * February 1 – Thomas Jefferson's home at Shadwell, Virgi ...

) *

June 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch. * 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II. * 1461 – ...

– Christiana Mariana von Ziegler, German poet (d.

)

July–September

* July 2 **

Sir Orlando Bridgeman, 4th Baronet Sir Orlando Bridgeman, 4th Baronet (2 July 1695 – 25 July 1764) was a Great Britain, British baronet and politician. Born in Blodwell in Shropshire, he was the oldest son of Sir John Bridgeman, 3rd Baronet and his wife Ursula, daughter of Ro ...

, British politician 1695–1764 (d.

) **

Louis Charles César Le Tellier Louis Charles César Le Tellier, '' Duke d'Estrées'' (2 July 1695 – 2 January 1771) was a French military commander and Marshal of France. Biography His father was (1663–1721), marquis de Courtenvaux, himself son of Louis XIV's War M ...

, French military commander and Marshal of France (d.

) * July 6 –

Giovanni Francesco II Brignole Sale Giovanni Francesco II Brignole Sale (Genoa, 6 July 1695 - Genoa, 14 February 1760), was the 158th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and the last king of Corsica. Biography Gian Francesco was the eldest son of Anton Giulio II Brignole Sale, 5th Ma ...

, Italian politician (d.

) * July 17 **

Alexandre de Gusmão Alexandre de Gusmão ( Santos, 17 July 1695 – Lisbon, 9 May 1753) was a diplomat born in the Portuguese colony of Brazil. He is regarded as one of the best diplomats of his time, chiefly for his role in negotiating the Treaty of Madrid in 17 ...

, Portuguese diplomat (d.

) **

Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg Count Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg (17 July 1695, Mülheim an der Ruhr – 17 November 1766, Heidesheim am Rhein) was a German nobleman. Life Christian Karl Reinhard was the son of John, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg- ...

, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg (d.

) ** Alexander Moncrieff, Scottish minister of the Secession church (d.

) *

July 18 Events Pre-1600 * 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army. * 387 BC – Roman- Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, l ...

–

Boris Grigoryevich Yusupov Prince Boris Grigoryevich Yusupov (Russian : Борис Григорьевич Юсупов; 1695–1759) was a Russian nobleman and politician. Life From the house of Yusupov, a Russian noble family descended from 10th-century khans, he was el ...

, Russian politician (d.

1759 In Great Britain, this year was known as the ''Annus Mirabilis'', because of British victories in the Seven Years' War. Events January–March * January 6 – George Washington marries Martha Dandridge Custis. * January 11 &ndas ...

) *

July 21 Events Pre-1600 * 356 BC – The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is destroyed by arson. * 230 – Pope Pontian succeeds Urban I as the eighteenth pope. After being exiled to Sardinia, he became the ...

–

Thomas Archer, 1st Baron Archer Thomas Archer, 1st Baron Archer (21 July 1695 – 19 October 1768) was an English Member of Parliament, who was created Baron Archer in 1747. His arms are blazoned: ''Azure three arrows or.''1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Rep ...

) * July 28 – Yunlu, prince Zhuang of the First Rank (d.

) *

July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. *1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. *1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands ...

–

Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes Charles-Philippe d’Albert Duc de Luynes (30 July 1695 – 2 November 1758) held the title Duke of Luynes from 1712 to 1758. He wrote an important memoir of life at the court of Louis XV. Early life Charles-Philippe was a grandson of Charles H ...

, French noble (d.

) * August 1 – John Rutherford, Scottish physician (d.

1779 Events January–March * January 11 – British troops surrender to the Marathas in Wadgaon, India, and are forced to return all territories acquired since 1773. * January 11 – Ching-Thang Khomba is crowned King of Manip ...

) *

August 3 Events Pre-1600 * 8 – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats the Dalmatae on the river Bosna. * 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor ...

– Antonio Cocchi, Italian physician and naturalist (d.

) * August 9 –

Andreas Murray Andreas Murray (9 August 1695 – 1771) was a German-born Swedish theologian and priest, and founder of the Swedish Murray family. Andreas Murray was born in Memel in East Prussia, on 9 August 1695.The Swedish patent of nobility granted to his s ...

, Swedish priest (d.

) * August 10 – Samuel Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys, British politician (d.

) *

August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...

–

Michelangelo Unterberger Michelangelo Unterberger, also Michael Angelo Unterberger and Michelangelo Unterperger (11 August 1695, Cavalese - 27 June 1758, Vienna) was a South Tyrolean painter in the Baroque style. Life He was the son of a forest warden. His first studie ...

, Austrian painter (d.

) *

August 14 Events Pre-1600 * 74 BC – A group of officials, led by the Western Han minister Huo Guang, present articles of impeachment against the new emperor, Liu He, to the imperial regent, Empress Dowager Shangguan. The articles, enumerating t ...

–

Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł Prince Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł (; 14 August 1695 in Biała Podlaska – 2 June 1715) was a Lithuanian–Polish nobleman. Mikołaj became Podstoli of Lithuania and starost of Człuchów Człuchów (, ''Człochòwo'', or ''Cz ...

, Lithuanianâ€“Polish noble (d.

) * August 17 –

Gustaf Lundberg Gustaf Lundberg (17 August 1695 – 18 March 1786) was a Swedish rococo pastelist and portrait painter. He trained and worked in Paris and later was appointed court portrait painter in Stockholm. Biography Lundberg was born in Stockholm, Sweden, ...

, Swedish rococo painter (d.

1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...

) * August 20 –

Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans Louise Élisabeth, Duchess of Berry (born Marie Louise Élisabeth, Mademoiselle d'Orléans; 20 August 1695 – 21 July 1719) was Duchess of Berry by marriage to the French prince Charles, Duke of Berry. She is known affectionately by the mo ...

, French princess (d.

1719 Events January–March * January 8 – Carolean Death March begins: A catastrophic retreat by a largely-Finnish Swedish- Carolean army under the command of Carl Gustaf Armfeldt across the Tydal mountains in a blizzard kills around 3,7 ...

) * August 26 – Marie-Anne-Catherine Quinault, French opera singer and composer (d.

1791 Events January–March * January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts. * January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Country ...

) * August 31 –

Maximilian, Prince of Hornes Maximilian Emanuel, 3rd Prince of Hornes, Count of Baucignies and of Solre-le-Château (31 August 1695, Brussels – 12 January 1763, Brussels), was a nobleman and Grand Huntsman of Brabant. His father was Philippe Emanuel, 2nd Prince of Hornes, ...

, prince (d.

) *

September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the s ...

– Pietro Locatelli, Italian Baroque composer and violinist (d.

) * September 5 – Carl Gustaf Tessin, Swedish count, politician and art collector (d.

) * September 6 –

Charles Pole Admiral of the Fleet Sir Charles Morice Pole, 1st Baronet GCB (18 January 1757 – 6 September 1830) was a Royal Navy officer, colonial governor and banker. As a junior officer he saw action at the siege of Pondicherry in India during the Ame ...

, British businessman and politician (d.

) *

–

François Hus François Hus was an 18th-century French comedian and head of troupe born 7 September 1695 in Marseille and died before 1774. Family The son of Jérôme Hus and Marguerite Pageot, called Desforges, he was the eldest member of the Hus family an ...

, French comedian (d.

) * September 10 –

Johann Lorenz Bach Johann Lorenz Bach ( – 14 December 1773) was a German organist and composer of the franconian branch of the Bach family. Biography Born in Schweinfurt, Johann Lorenz Bach got his first music training by his father Johann Valentin Bach, and fro ...

, German composer (d.

) *

September 15 Events Pre-1600 * 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes. *1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by ...

–

Michel Lullin de Chateauvieux Michel Lullin de Châteauvieux (Genève, 15 September 1695 - Genève, 19 March 1781) was a Genevan nobleman, agronomist and experimenter on agriculture,

, Genevan agronomist (d.

1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...

) *

September 21 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Rome with a Gallic army and consolidates his power. * 1170 – The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Norman invaders. * 1217 – Livonian Crusade: The Estonian leader Lembitu and Livonian ...

– Ferdinando Colonna of Stigliano, 2nd Prince of Sonnino (d.

1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...

) *

September 22 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government. * 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...

–

Mathias Chardon Mathias Chardon (name in religion Charles) (b. at Yvoi-Varignan, Ardennes (department), Ardennes, France, 22 September 1695; d. at the monastery of St-Arnold in Metz, 21 October 1771) was a French Benedictine scholar of the Congregation of Saint-Van ...

, French historian (d.

) * September 27 –

Anders Anton von Stiernman Anders Anton von Stiernman (27 September 1695 – 2 March 1765) was a Swedish historian and manuscript collector. Biography He was born on 27 September 1695 in Stockholm. He adopted the name Stiernman after his stepfather. In 1715 he became a ...

, Swedish historian (d.

)

October–December

* October 5 –

John Glas John Glas (5 October 1695 – 2 November 1773) was a Scottish clergyman who started the Glasite The Glasites or Glassites were a small Christian church founded in about 1730 in Scotland by John Glas.John Glas preached supremacy of God's wo ...

, Scottish theologian (d.

) * October 23 – François de Cuvilliés, Bavarian architect (d.

) * October 31 –

Nicolas-Joseph de Noyelles de Fleurimont Nicolas-Joseph de Noyelles (October 13, 1695 – August 16, 1761) originally resided in Rochefort, France but came to New France in 1710 to begin his military career as an ensign in the regular colonial troops. He married in 1718 and, because o ...

, French soldier (d.

) *

November 1 Events Pre-1600 * 365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities. * 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, ...

–

Pablo Maroni Pablo Maroni (Paul; born 1 November 1695) was a Jesuit missionary to the Viceroyalty of Peru. Life He entered the Austrian province of the Jesuits on 27 October 1712, and, like many German and Austrian missionaries of that time, went in 1723 on t ...

, Austrian missionary (d.

) *

November 4 Events Pre-1600 *1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier. * 1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico. * 1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...

John Erskine of Carnock John Erskine of Carnock (4 November 1695 – 1 March 1768) was a Scottish jurist and professor of Scottish law at the University of Edinburgh. He wrote the ''Principles of the Law of Scotland'' and ''An Institute of the Law of Scotland'', pr ...

, Scottish legal scholar (d.

) **

Fabrizio Serbelloni Fabrizio Serbelloni (Sorbelloni) (1695–1775) was an Italian diplomat and Cardinal. Life Fabrizio Serbelloni was born on 4 November 1695 in Milan to a noble and prominent family. He studied initially in Rome at the Collegio Clementino, and on 1 ...

, Catholic cardinal (d.

) *

November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...

– Theodosia Bligh, 10th Baroness Clifton, English peer, born Theodosia Hyde (d.

1722 Events January–March * January 27 – Daniel Defoe's novel ''Moll Flanders'' is published anonymously in London. * February 10 – The Battle of Cape Lopez begins off of the coast of West Africa (and present-day Gabon), as ...

) * November 10 – John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (d.

) *

November 17 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Emperor Charles the Fat is deposed by the Frankish magnates in an assembly at Frankfurt, leading his nephew, Arnulf of Carinthia, to declare himself king of the East Frankish Kingdom in late November. *1183 &n ...

–

Barthold Douma van Burmania Barthold Douma van Burmania (bapt. 17 November 1695 in Hallum – 24 March 1766 in Vienna) was a Dutch statesman and ambassador to the court of Vienna in the eighteenth century. Van Burmania was born in a small village in Friesland as the son of ...

, Dutch diplomat (d.

) * December 1 –

Francesco Saverio Quadrio Francesco Saverio Quadrio (1 December 1695 – 21 November 1756)Waller & Eadie 1863vol. 3, p. 619 was an Italian scholar, historian, and writer. His most famous work is ''Della storia e della ragione di ogni poesia'', a voluminous history of poetr ...

, Italian scholar (d.

) *

December 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1244 – Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon. *1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. 1601–1900 *1697 – St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren followin ...

–

Andrzej Stanisław Załuski Andrzej Stanisław Kostka Załuski (2 December 1695 – 16 December 1758) was a priest (bishop) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In his religious career he held the posts of abbot and later Bishop of Płock (from 1723), bishop of Łu ...

, Polish bishop (d.

) * December 11 –

Charles Guillaume Loys de Bochat Charles Guillaume Loys de Bochat (born 11 December 1695 in Lausanne, died 4 April 1754, also in Lausanne) was an 18th-century Old Swiss Confederacy, Swiss jurist and antiquarian (Lausanne at the time was a subject territory controlled by History o ...

, jurist (d.

) *

December 12 Events Pre-1600 * 627 – Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II's Persian forces, commanded by General Rhahzadh. *1388 – Maria of Enghien sells the lordship of Argos and Nauplia to ...

–

Michael Christoph Hanow Michael Christoph Hanow (also Hanov, Hanovius) (12 December 1695, in Zamborst near Neustettin, Pomerania – 22 September 1773, in Danzig) was a German meteorologist, historian, professor of mathematics and since 1717 rector of the Academic Gym ...

, German historian and scientist (d.

) *

December 15 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – Vandalic War: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum. * 687 – Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes Paschal and Theod ...

–

Benigna Marie of Reuss-Ebersdorf Benigna Marie of Reuss-Ebersdorf (15 December 1695 in Saalburg-Ebersdorf, Ebersdorf – 31 July 1751 in Pottiga) was a Protestant German hymn writer and a titular House of Reuss, Countess of Reuss. She was a member of the Reuss-Ebersdorf line f ...

, German noblewoman and author of hymns (d.

) * December 18 –

David Nitschmann der Bischof David Nitschmann der Bischof (David Nitschmann the Bishop, December 18, 1695/96, Suchdol nad Odrou, Moravia – October 8, 1772, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania) was with Johann Leonhard Dober one of the two first missionaries of the Moravian Brethren in ...

, bishop (d.

) * December 19 ** Andrea Locatelli, Italian painter (d.

) **

Joseph Gascoigne Nightingale Joseph Gascoigne Nightingale (1695–1752), of Enfield, Middlesex, was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1727 to 1734. Early life Nightingale was baptized as Gascoigne on 19 December 1695, the eldest son of Rev. Joseph G ...

, British Member of Parliament (d.

1752 In the British Empire, it was the only leap year with 355 days, as September 3–13 were skipped when the Empire adopted the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 1 – The British Empire (except Scotland, which h ...

) ** Jacob de Wit, Dutch painter (d.

) * December 22 – Rebecca Kellogg Ashley, captive of Native Americans (d.

) * December 26 –

Johann Caspar Bachofen Johann Caspar Bachofen (December 26, 1695 – June 23, 1755) was a Swiss music teacher and hymn composer. He was born in Zurich. In 1718 he became singing-master in the Latin school, and cantor of the Grossmünster church. In 1742, he succeeded Joh ...

, Swiss composer (d.

) * December 29 –

Jean-Baptiste Pater Jean-Baptiste Pater (December 29, 1695 – July 25, 1736) was a French rococo painter. Born in Valenciennes, Pater was the son of sculptor Antoine Pater and studied under him before becoming a student of painter Jean-Baptiste Guide. Pater then m ...

, French painter (d. 1736) * ''date unknown'' – Hedvig Catharina De la Gardie (1695–1745), Hedvig Catharina De la Gardie, Swedish salonnière (d. 1745) ** Cai Wan, politically influential Chinese poet (d.

)

Deaths

January–March

* January 4 – François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg, Marshal of France (b. 1628) *

– Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (b. 1641) * January 11 – Nizel Rivers, Member of Parliament of England (b. 1614) * January 16 – Hans Adam Weissenkircher, Austrian painter (b. 1646) *

– Johann Jakob Wepfer, Swiss pathologist (b. 1620) *

– Francesco Nasini, Italian painter (b. 1611) * January 29 ** Paul Hermann (botanist), Paul Hermann, German botanist (b. 1646) ** Diego Sarmiento Valladares, Spanish bishop (b. 1611) *

** Ahmed II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1691 to 1695 (b. 1643) ** Ahmed II of Turkey (b. 1643) *

** John Bennet, 1st Baron Ossulston, English politician (b. 1616) ** Abraham Hinckelmann, German theologian (b. 1652) *

– Georg von Derfflinger, field marshal in the army of Brandenburg-Prussia (b. 1606) * February 18 – Sir William Phips, First royal governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (b. 1651) * February 24 – Johann Ambrosius Bach, German musician, father to Johann Sebastian Bach (b. 1645) *

– Philip Sherard (MP), Philip Sherard, English politician (b. 1623) *

– Henry Wharton, English writer (b. 1664) * March 6 – Everhard Jabach, German private banker (b. 1618) *

– Cristoval Royas de Spinola, Spanish bishop and diplomat (b. 1626) *

– Rutger von Langerfeld, Dutch painter and architect (b. 1635) * March 23 – Adam Perelle, French draughtsman and painter (b. 1640) * March 25 – Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł, margravine consort of Brandenburg (b. 1667) * March 26 ** George Nevill, 12th Baron Bergavenny, English noble (b. 1665) ** Jan Karol Opaliński, Polish starost and kasztelan of Poznań (b. 1642) * March 28 – William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry, British politician (b. 1637) * March 30 – Anselm Franz von Ingelheim (Archbishop of Mainz), Anselm Franz von Ingelheim, Archbishop of Mainz (b. 1634)

April–June

* April 3 – Melchior d'Hondecoeter, painter and engraver from the Northern Netherlands (b. 1636) * April 5 – George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, English writer and statesman (b. 1633) * April 6 – Richard Busby, English clergyman (b. 1606) * April 12 – Jean-Baptiste Corneille, French historical painter, etcher, and engraver (b. 1649) * April 13 ** Petrus Draghi Bartoli, roman-catholic patriarch (b. 1646) ** Jean de La Fontaine, French poet, fabulist and writer (b. 1621) * April 15 ** Christoph Arnold, German astronomer (b. 1650) ** Claude Lancelot, French monk and grammarian (b. 1615) *

** Juana Inés de la Cruz, Mexican nun, writer, philosopher, composer and poet (b. 1648) ** Henri Testelin, French painter (b. 1616) * April 20 – Georg Caspar Wecker, German composer (b. 1632) * April 23 ** Petronella Dunois, Dutch art collector (b. 1650) ** Henry Vaughan, Welsh author, physician and metaphysical poet (b. 1621) *

** John Trenchard (politician), John Trenchard, English politician (b. 1649) ** John Trenchard (Secretary of State), John Trenchard, English statesman (b. 1640) * April 29 – Jan Karol Dolski, Polish-Lithuanian noble (b. 1637) * April 30 – Ikegusuku Anken, sanshikan of Ryukyu (b. 1635) * May 1 – Goeku Chōsei, sanshikan of Ryukyu (b. 1621) * May 5 – Daniel Brevint, Jersey writer and clergyman (b. 1616) * May 9 – Lambert van Haven, Danish architect (b. 1630) * May 15 – Patrick Lyon, 3rd Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, Scottish peer (b. 1643) * May 17 – Cornelis de Heem, Dutch painter (b. 1631) * May 24 – Matsudaira Yorishige, daimyo of the early Edo period; 1st lord of Takamatsu (b. 1622) * May 29 **

, Ottoman grand vizier (b. 1645) ** Giuseppe Recco, Italian painter (b. 1634) * May 30 ** Andreas Albinowski, Roman Catholic prelate, Auxiliary Bishop of Włocławek (1695– (b. 1640) ** Pierre Mignard, French painter (b. 1612) *

– Philip Aranda, Spanish Jesuit theologian (b. 1642) * June 7 – Elias Rudolph Camerarius Sr., German physician (b. 1641) * June 11 – André Félibien, France, French architect (b. 1619) * June 15 – Jean Dieu de Saint-Jean, French painter (b. 1654) * June 27 – Prince Christian of Denmark (1675–1695), Prince Christian of Denmark, Danish prince (b. 1675) * June 29 – Sir Edward Wyndham, 2nd Baronet, politician (b. 1667)

July–September

* July 8 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician and physicist who developed the wave theory of light (b. 1629) *

– Johannes Camphuys, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1634) * July 23 – Charles Philip of Brandenburg-Schwedt, Titular Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt (b. 1673) * August 2 ** Mattia de Rossi, Italian painter (b. 1637) ** Gabriel Tammelin, Lutheran clergyman (b. 1641) * August 6 ** François de Harlay de Champvallon, Roman Catholic archbishop of Paris (b. 1625) ** Thomas Moore (died 1695), Thomas Moore, English politician (b. 1618) * August 8 – Carel de Vogelaer, Dutch still life painter (b. 1653) * August 9 – Paulus de Roo, Dutch colonial governor (b. 1658) * August 12 – Huang Zongxi, Chinese political theorist, philosopher, writer, and soldier (b. 1610) * August 19 ** Jean-Gilles Delcour, Flemish painter (b. 1632) ** Christopher Merret, English physician and scientist (b. 1614) * August 20 – Giuseppe Francesco Borri, Italian alchemist, prophet and doctor (b. 1627) * August 24 – Enkū, Japanese sculptor and monk (b. 1632) * August 25 – John Waddon (died 1695), John Waddon, English politician (b. 1649) * September – Thomas Tew, English pirate * September 2 – Giovanni Battista Gentile, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1658) *

– Giacomo de Angelis, Catholic cardinal (b. 1610) * September 17 – Henry Newcome, English nonconformist preacher (b. 1627) *

– George Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret, English baron (b. 1667) * September 23 – Karl II von Liechtenstein-Kastelkorn, Prince-Bishop of Olomouc (b. 1623)

October–December

* October 6 – Gustav Adolph, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, last Administrator of Ratzeburg (b. 1633) * October 10 – Tommaso de Rosa, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Policastro and Bishop of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi e Bisaccia (b. 1621) * October 13 – Ephrem de Nevers, French missionary (b. 1603) * October 16 – William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford, member of England's House of Lords (b. 1626) * October 17 – Arthur Rawdon, Irish botanist and politician (b. 1662) * October 19 – Johann Wilhelm Baier, German theologian (b. 1647) * October 21 ** Johann Arnold Nering, German architect (b. 1659) ** Teofilo Testa, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Tropea (b. 1631) * October 29 – Barrington Bourchier, Member of Parliament (b. 1627) * November 3 – Charles Hutchinson (Nottingham MP), Charles Hutchinson, English politician (b. 1636) * November 8 – Giovanni Paolo Colonna, Italian composer (b. 1637) * November 10 – Charles Legardeur de Tilly (b. 1616) * November 13 – William Byron, 3rd Baron Byron, British Baron (b. 1636) * November 16 – Pierre Nicole, France, French Jansensist (b. 1625) * November 19 – Sir John Guise, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (b. 1650) * November 20 – Zumbi, Brazilian leader of a runaway slave colony (b. 1655) * November 21 –

, England, English composer (b. 1659) *

– Francis Nurse, husband of Rebecca Nurse, (accused during the Salem Witch Trials of

), (b. 1618) * November 28 ** Jan Sladký Kozina, Czech revolutionary (b. 1652) ** Anthony Wood (antiquary), Anthony Wood, England, English antiquarian (b. 1632) * November 29 – James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount Stair, Scottish lawyer and statesman (b. 1619) * November 30 – Giacomo Cantelli, Italian cartographer (b. 1643) * December 7 – Giuseppe Spinucci, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1617) * December 8 ** Barthélemy d'Herbelot de Molainville, France, French orientalist (b. 1625) ** Mariana of the Purification, Nun of the Carmelite Order of the Ancient Observance (b. 1623) * December 10 – Leonard Bilson (1616–1695), Leonard Bilson, English Member of Parliament (b. 1616) *

– Jacob Abendana, British rabbi (b. 1630) * December 14 – William Bond (Massachusetts politician), William Bond, Speaker of the Massachusetts Province House (b. 1625) *

– Richard Hampden, English politician; (b. 1631) * December 16 – Thomas Boylston, American colonist doctor (b. 1644) * December 17 – Caleb Carr (governor), Caleb Carr, Rhode Island colonial governor (b. 1624) * December 20 – David Pohle, German baroque composer (b. 1624) * December 24 ** Jacob Johan Hastfer, Swedish field marshal (b. 1647) ** Louis Thomassin, French bishop and theologian (b. 1619) * December 30 – Samuel Morland, British academic, diplomat and spy (b. 1625)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1695 1695,