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January–March

*
January 11 Events Pre-1600 * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence. * 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muhamma ...
1693 Sicily earthquake The 1693 Sicily earthquake struck parts of southern Italy near Sicily, Calabria, and Malta on January 11 at around 21:00 local time. This earthquake was preceded by a damaging foreshock on January 9. The main quake had an estimated magnitude of 7. ...
:
Mount Etna Mount Etna, or simply Etna ( it, Etna or ; scn, Muncibbeḍḍu or ; la, Aetna; grc, Αἴτνα and ), is an active stratovolcano on the east coast of Sicily, Italy, in the Metropolitan City of Catania, between the cities of Messina a ...
erupts, causing a devastating earthquake that affects parts of
Sicily (man) it, Siciliana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Ethnicity , demographics1_footnotes = , demographi ...
and
Malta Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...
. *
January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
– A total
lunar eclipse A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow. Such alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six months, during the full moon phase, when the Moon's orbital plane is closest to the plane of the Earth ...
is visible across North and South America. *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. *1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
– The
College of William & Mary The College of William & Mary (officially The College of William and Mary in Virginia, abbreviated as William & Mary, W&M) is a public research university in Williamsburg, Virginia. Founded in 1693 by letters patent issued by King William III ...
in
Williamsburg, Virginia Williamsburg is an Independent city (United States), independent city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it had a population of 15,425. Located on the Virginia Peninsula ...
is granted a
Royal charter A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, bu ...
. *
February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
– The publication of the first women's magazine, titled ''
The Ladies' Mercury ''The Ladies' Mercury'' (27 February 1693 — 17 March 1693) was a periodical published in London by the Athenian Society notable for being the first periodical in English published and specifically designed for women readers. History In 1690, ...
'', takes place in London. It is published by the
Athenian Society The Athenian Society was an organization founded by John Dunton in 1691 to facilitate the writing and publication of his weekly periodical ''The Athenian Mercury''. Though represented as a large panel of experts, the society reached its peak at fou ...
. * March 27
Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha (1638 – December 1698) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier from 1693 to 1694. His epithet ''Bozoklu'' means "from Bozok" (modern Yozgat, Turkey).İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türki ...
becomes the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, after Sultan Ahmed II appoints him as the successor of Çalık Ali Pasha.


April–June

*
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
Anne Palles becomes the last accused witch to be executed for witchcraft in
Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark ...
, after having been convicted of using powers of sorcery.
King Christian V Christian V (15 April 1646 25 August 1699) was king of Denmark and Norway from 1670 until his death in 1699. Well-regarded by the common people, he was the first king anointed at Frederiksborg Castle chapel as absolute monarch since the decree ...
accepts her plea not to be burned alive, and she is beheaded before her body is set afire. *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
– The
Order of Saint Louis The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis (french: Ordre Royal et Militaire de Saint-Louis) is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April 1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a rewar ...
, the first medal to be awarded in France to military personnel who are not members of nobility, is created by order of King Louis XIV, and named after his ancestor, King Louis IX. * April 28 – The 90-gun English Royal Navy warship HMS ''Windsor Castle'' is wrecked beyond repair on the Goodwin Sands. *
April April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars. It is the first of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the second of five months to have a length of less than 31 days. April is commonly associated with ...
Tituba, a slave who had been convicted at the Salem witch trials of practicing witchcraft after making a confession, is released from jail in Boston after 13 months when an unknown purchaser pays her jail fees. *
May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 4 ...
– Forces of
Louis XIV of France , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Versa ...
attack
Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...
, capital of the
Electorate of the Palatinate The Electoral Palatinate (german: Kurpfalz) or the Palatinate (), officially the Electorate of the Palatinate (), was a state that was part of the Holy Roman Empire. The electorate had its origins under the rulership of the Counts Palatine of ...
. *
May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 11 ...
– Heidelberg is taken by the invading
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
forces; on May 23
Heidelberg Castle Heidelberg Castle (german: Heidelberger Schloss) is a ruin in Germany and landmark of Heidelberg. The castle ruins are among the most important Renaissance structures north of the Alps. The castle has only been partially rebuilt since its demoli ...
is surrendered, after which the French blow up its towers using mines. *
June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...
– The first performance of the opera '' Didon'' by French composer
Henri Desmarets Henri Desmarets (February 1661 – 7 September 1741) was a French composer of the Baroque period primarily known for his stage works, although he also composed sacred music as well as secular cantatas, songs and instrumental works. Biogr ...
takes place at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris. * June 27
Nine Years' War The Nine Years' War (1688–1697), often called the War of the Grand Alliance or the War of the League of Augsburg, was a conflict between France and a European coalition which mainly included the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarch ...
Battle of Lagos off Portugal: The French fleet defeats the joint Dutch and English fleet.


July–September

* July 17 – A total
lunar eclipse A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow. Such alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six months, during the full moon phase, when the Moon's orbital plane is closest to the plane of the Earth ...
is visible in New Zealand and across the Pacific Ocean. * July 29
Nine Years' War The Nine Years' War (1688–1697), often called the War of the Grand Alliance or the War of the League of Augsburg, was a conflict between France and a European coalition which mainly included the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarch ...
Battle of Landen:
William III of England William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of County of Holland, Holland, County of Zeeland, Zeeland, Lordship of Utrecht, Utrec ...
is defeated by the
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
(with Irish Jacobite mercenaries). *
August 21 Events Pre-1600 * 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège. * 1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song Wars. *1169 – Battle o ...
– The Indian Ocean port of Pondicherry, capital of
French India French India, formally the ( en, French Settlements in India), was a French colony comprising five geographically separated enclaves on the Indian Subcontinent that had initially been factories of the French East India Company. They were ''de ...
is captured by a 17-ship fleet from the Netherlands and 1,600 men under the command of Laurens Pit the Younger. * September 9
Francesco Invrea Francesco Invrea (Genoa, 1641Genoa, 1723) was the 132nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica. Biography His dogate was internally characterized by normal administrative activity and, on the other hand, it was in foreign policy t ...
, King of Corsica, begins a two-year term as the Doge of the
Republic of Genoa The Republic of Genoa ( lij, Repúbrica de Zêna ; it, Repubblica di Genova; la, Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the 11th century to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast. During the Lat ...
in Italy, succeeding
Giovanni Battista Cattaneo Della Volta Giovanni Battista Cattaneo Della Volta (Genoa, 23 June 1638 - Genoa, 24 December 1721) was the 131st Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica. Biography The mandate of the doge Cattaneo Della Volta, the eighty-sixth in biennial succes ...
. * September 10 – France begins the siege of the Spanish Netherlands (now Belgium) fort of Charleroi. * September 14 – King
Louis XIV , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Vers ...
of France sends a letter to Pope Innocent XII announcing the rescission of the
Declaration of the Clergy of France The ''Declaration of the Clergy of France'' was a four-article document of the 1681 assembly of the French clergy. Promulgated in 1682, it codified the principles of Gallicanism into a system for the first time into an official and definitive form ...
issued in 1682. *
September 23 Events Pre-1600 * 38 – Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified. * 1122 – Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat ...
– Manuel Afonso Nzinga a Nlenke, ruling as
King Manuel I Manuel I (; 31 May 146913 December 1521), known as the Fortunate ( pt, O Venturoso), was King of Portugal from 1495 to 1521. A member of the House of Aviz, Manuel was Duke of Beja and Viseu prior to succeeding his cousin, John II of Portugal, as ...
of the
Kingdom of Kongo The Kingdom of Kongo ( kg, Kongo dya Ntotila or ''Wene wa Kongo;'' pt, Reino do Congo) was a kingdom located in central Africa in present-day northern Angola, the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of the ...
(in present-day northern Angola) is executed on orders of the new king, Álvaro X.


October–December

*
October October is the tenth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and the sixth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. The eighth month in the old calendar of Romulus , October retained its name (from Latin and Greek ''ôct ...
William Congreve's comedy ''
The Double-Dealer ''The Double Dealer'' is a comic play written by English playwright William Congreve, first produced in 1693. Henry Purcell set it to music. Characters and plot This comedy sees character Mellefont, nephew and prospective heir of Lord Touch ...
'' is first performed in London. * October 4
Battle of Marsaglia The Battle of Marsaglia was a battle in the Nine Years' War, fought in Italy on 4 October 1693, between the French army of Marshal Nicolas Catinat and the army of the Grand Alliance under Duke Victor Amadeus II of Savoy. Catinat, advancing ...
near
Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
in the
Duchy of Savoy The Duchy of Savoy ( it, Ducato di Savoia; french: Duché de Savoie) was a country in Western Europe that existed from 1416. It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duc ...
: A French force under the command of General Nicolas Catinat defeats the Savoyard forces, leaving 10,000 dead or wounded, while sustaining only 1,000 casualties. * October 11
Charleroi Charleroi ( , , ; wa, Tchålerwè ) is a city and a municipality of Wallonia, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. By 1 January 2008, the total population of Charleroi was 201,593.
falls to French forces. * October 29 – The Great Storm changes the course of rivers and alters the coastline from Virginia to Long Island in America. * November 7King Charles II of Spain issues a royal edict providing sanctuary in Spanish Florida for escaped slaves from the English colony of South Carolina. *
November 14 Events Pre-1600 1601–1900 *1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope. * 1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile. * ...
– General
Santaji Ghorpade Santaji Mahaloji Ghorpade,(1645–1696) popularly known as ‘Santajirao’ or ‘Santaji Ghorpade’, was the most celebrated Maratha warrior and the sixth Sarsenapati of the Maratha Empire during Rajaram's regime. His name became inseparable f ...
of the
Maratha Empire The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern Indian confederation that came to dominate much of the Indian subcontinent in the 18th century. Maratha rule formally began in 1674 with the coronation of Shi ...
in
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
is defeated by General Himmat Khan of the Mughal Empire near Vikramhalli, and retreats. A week later, after regrouping his troops, Santaji defeats Himmat at their next encounter. *
November 21 Events Pre-1600 * 164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.) * 235 ...
– The 46-gun Royal Navy frigate HMS ''Mordaunt'' founders off of the coast of Cuba. *
November 29 Events Pre-1600 * 561 – Following the death of King Chlothar I at Compiègne, his four sons, Charibert I, Guntram, Sigebert I and Chilperic I, divide the Frankish Kingdom. * 618 – The Tang dynasty scores a decisive victory over t ...
– A fleet of 30 English and Dutch ships captures the French port of
Saint-Malo Saint-Malo (, , ; Gallo: ; ) is a historic French port in Ille-et-Vilaine, Brittany, on the English Channel coast. The walled city had a long history of piracy, earning much wealth from local extortion and overseas adventures. In 1944, the Alli ...
*
December 16 Events Pre-1600 * 714 – Pepin of Herstal, mayor of the Merovingian palace, dies at Jupille (modern Belgium). He is succeeded by his infant grandson Theudoald, while his widow Plectrude holds actual power in the Frankish Kingdom. * 755 ...
Diego de Vargas, Spanish colonial governor of
Santa Fe de Nuevo México Santa Fe de Nuevo México ( en, Holy Faith of New Mexico; shortened as Nuevo México or Nuevo Méjico, and translated as New Mexico in English) was a Kingdom of the Spanish Empire and New Spain, and later a territory of independent Mexico. The ...
(now the area around the capital of the U.S. state of
New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Tiguex , OfficialLang = None , Languages = English, Spanish ( New Mexican), Navajo, Ker ...
, returns to the walled city of Santa Fe and requests the Pueblo people to accept the authority of the colonial government. Negotiations fail and a siege begins on December 29. The Pueblo defenders surrender the next day and the 70 rebels are executed soon after. The 400 civilian women and children are made slaves and distributed to the Spanish colonists. * December 27 – The new 80-gun English Navy warship HMS ''Sussex'' departs Portsmouth on its maiden voyage, escorting a fleet of 48 warships and 166 merchant ships to the Mediterranean Sea. The fleet runs into a storm on February 27, 1694, and on March 1, ''Sussex'' and 12 other warships sink, along with a cargo of gold.


Date unknown

* China concentrates all its foreign trade on
Canton Canton may refer to: Administrative division terminology * Canton (administrative division), territorial/administrative division in some countries, notably Switzerland * Township (Canada), known as ''canton'' in Canadian French Arts and ent ...
; European ships are forbidden to land anywhere else. * A religious
schism A schism ( , , or, less commonly, ) is a division between people, usually belonging to an organization, movement, or religious denomination. The word is most frequently applied to a split in what had previously been a single religious body, suc ...
takes place in Switzerland, within a group of Swiss and Alsatian Anabaptists led by Jakob Ammann. Those who follow Ammann become the Mennonite
Amish The Amish (; pdc, Amisch; german: link=no, Amische), formally the Old Order Amish, are a group of traditionalist Anabaptist Christian church fellowships with Swiss German and Alsatian origins. They are closely related to Mennonite churches ...
sect. * The
Knights of the Apocalypse The Knights of the Apocalypse was a secret society created in Italy in 1693. It was founded by Agostino Gabrino, the son of a merchant of Brescia to defend the Catholic Church against the expected Antichrist. The organization was accused by contemp ...
are formed in Italy. * The ''
Academia Operosorum Labacensium The ''Academia Operosorum Labacensium'' (Academy of the Industrious Residents of Ljubljana)—a forerunner of the modern Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts—was founded in Ljubljana in 1693 as an association of 23 scholars. Most of the member ...
'' is established in Ljubljana,
Slovenia Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, an ...
. * Financier Richard Hoare relocates
Hoare's Bank C. Hoare & Co., also known as Hoares, is a British private bank, founded in 1672 by Sir Richard Hoare; it is currently owned and led by the eleventh generation of his direct descendants. It is the second oldest bank in the United Kingdom and rep ...
(founded
1672 Events January–March * January 2 – After the government of England is unable to pay the nation's debts, King Charles II decrees the Stop of the Exchequer, the suspension of payments for one year "upon any warrant, secur ...
) from
Cheapside Cheapside is a street in the City of London, the historic and modern financial centre of London, which forms part of the A40 London to Fishguard road. It links St. Martin's Le Grand with Poultry. Near its eastern end at Bank junction, where ...
to
Fleet Street Fleet Street is a major street mostly in the City of London. It runs west to east from Temple Bar at the boundary with the City of Westminster to Ludgate Circus at the site of the London Wall and the River Fleet from which the street was na ...
in London. * Italian barber Giovanni Paolo Feminis creates a perfume water called Aqua Admirabilis, earliest known form of
eau de Cologne Eau de Cologne (; German: ''Kölnisch Wasser'' ; meaning "Water from Cologne"), or simply cologne, is a perfume originating from Cologne, Germany. Originally mixed by Johann Maria Farina (Giovanni Maria Farina) in 1709, it has since come to be a ge ...
. *
John Locke John Locke (; 29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "father of liberalism ...
publishes his influential book ''
Some Thoughts Concerning Education ''Some Thoughts Concerning Education'' is a 1693 treatise on the education of gentlemen written by the English philosopher John Locke. For over a century, it was the most important philosophical work on education in England. It was translated ...
''. *
William Penn William Penn ( – ) was an English writer and religious thinker belonging to the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, a North American colony of England. He was an early advocate of democracy a ...
publishes his proposal for
European federation The United States of Europe (USE), the European State, the European Federation and Federal Europe, is the hypothetical scenario of the European integration leading to formation of a sovereign superstate (similar to the United States of Amer ...
, ''Essay on the Present and Future Peace of Europe''. * English astronomer Edmond Halley studies records of births and deaths in Breslau (Poland), producing a life table consolidating year of birth and age at death. He uses this to work out the price of life annuities. * Dimitrie Cantemir presents his ''Kitâbu 'İlmi'l-Mûsiki alâ Vechi'l-Hurûfât (The Book of the Science of Music through Letters)'' to Sultan Ahmed II, which deals with melodic and rhythmic structure and practice of Ottoman music, and contains the scores for around 350 works composed during and before his own time, in an alphabetical notation system he invented.


Births


January–March

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
Francesco Carlo Rusca Francesco Carlo Rusca, or Carlo Francesco Rusca, also known as Ritter von Rusca (1 January 1693 – 11 May 1769) was an itinerant Italian-Swiss painter, best known for his portraits. Life and work Little is known of his early life. He w ...
, Swiss painter (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) *
January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
**
Giovanni Bianchi Giovanni Bianchi may refer to: * Giovanni Bianchi (physician) (1693–1775), Italian physician, anatomist, archaeologist, zoologist and intellectual * Giovanni Bianchi (politician) (1939–2017), Italian politician and teacher {{Hndis, Bianchi, G ...
, Italian physician and zoologist (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
) ** Matthew Hutton, Archbishop of York and Archbishop of Canterbury (d.
1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
) *
January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. *1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned s ...
Queen Jeongseong Queen Jeongseong (정성왕후 서씨; 12 January 1693 – 3 April 1757), of the Daegu Seo clan, was the first wife of King Yeongjo of Joseon and the adoptive mother of Crown Prince Sado. Biography The future queen was born on 12 January 1693 i ...
, Queen Consort of Korea (d.
1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt ...
) *
January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. * 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...
Francesco Campora Francesco Campora ( Rivarolo, 16 January 1693 – Genoa, 19 December 1763) was an Italian painter of the late- Baroque. Biography He initially trained in Genoa, under Giuseppe Palmieri, then under Domenico Parodi, but moved to Naples by the age o ...
, Italian painter (d.
1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...
) *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 * 38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...
Melchor de Navarrete Melchor de Navarrete y Bujanda (1693–1761) was a Spanish soldier and administrator who served as governor of Cartagena de Indias (in what is now Colombia), from 1739 to 1742; of Spanish Florida from 1749 to 1752; and of Yucatán (in what is now M ...
, Spanish colonial governor of Florida and Mexico (d.
1761 Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, and restore the Mughal Empire to Shah Alam II. * January 16 – Siege of Pondi ...
) *
January 19 Events Pre-1600 * 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. * 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
** Jonathan Rashleigh, politician (d.
1764 1764 ( MDCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday and is the fifth year of the 1760s decade, the 64th year of the 18th century, and the 764th year of the 2nd millennium. Events January–June * January 7 – The Siculicidium is ...
) **
Hyacinthe Collin de Vermont Hyacinthe Collin de Vermont (19 January 1693, Versailles – 16 February 1761, Paris) was a French painter. Collin de Vermont was a pupil of Jouvenet and of Rigaud.Hyacinthe Rigaud was his godfather, and it was from him that he got his first ...
, French painter (d.
1761 Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, and restore the Mughal Empire to Shah Alam II. * January 16 – Siege of Pondi ...
) *
January 23 Events Pre-1600 * 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor. * 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao. *1264 & ...
Georg Bernhard Bilfinger, German mathematician (d.
1750 Various sources, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, use the year 1750 as a baseline year for the end of the pre-industrial era. Events January–March * January 13 – The Treaty of Madrid between Spain ...
) *
January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. *1531 – The 6.4–7.1 1531 Lisbon earthquake, Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. *1564 – ...
William Robinson, deputy governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (d.
1751 In Britain and its colonies (except Scotland), 1751 only had 282 days due to the British Calendar Act of 1751, which ended the year on 31 December (rather than nearly three months later according to its previous rule). Events January&nd ...
) *
January 28 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession o ...
**
Robert Sawyer Herbert Robert Sawyer Herbert (28 January 1693 – 1769) of Highclere Castle, Hampshire, was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons for 46 years from 1722 to 1768. Early life Herbert was the second son of Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembrok ...
, British Member of Parliament (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) ** Empress
Anna of Russia Anna Ioannovna (russian: Анна Иоанновна; ), also russified as Anna Ivanovna and sometimes anglicized as Anne, served as regent of the duchy of Courland from 1711 until 1730 and then ruled as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740. Much ...
, Empress of Russia (d.
1740 Events January–March * January 8 – All 237 crewmen on the Dutch East India Company ship ''Rooswijk'' are drowned, when the vessel strikes the shoals of Goodwin Sands, off of the coast of England, as it is beginning its secon ...
) **
Gregor Werner Gregor Joseph Werner (28 January 1693 – 3 March 1766) was an Austrian composer of the Baroque period, best known as the predecessor of Joseph Haydn as the ''Kapellmeister'' of the Hungarian Esterházy family. Few of Werner's works survive to the ...
, Austrian composer (d.
1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...
) *
January 29 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher. * 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, ruler o ...
Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke, English peer and architect (d.
1750 Various sources, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, use the year 1750 as a baseline year for the end of the pre-industrial era. Events January–March * January 13 – The Treaty of Madrid between Spain ...
) *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
Countess Palatine Maria Anna of Neuburg Maria Anna of Neuburg (Marie Anna Karoline; 30 January 1693 – 12 September 1751) was a daughter of Anna Maria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany's first marriage to Philip William August of Neuburg. She married Duke Ferdinand Maria of Bavaria on 5 ...
, Countess Palatine of Neuburg by birth, Duchess of Bavaria (d.
1751 In Britain and its colonies (except Scotland), 1751 only had 282 days due to the British Calendar Act of 1751, which ended the year on 31 December (rather than nearly three months later according to its previous rule). Events January&nd ...
) *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 *1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna. *1429 – English forces under ...
Avdotya Chernysheva Avdotya Ivanovna Chernysheva (russian: Авдотья Ивановна Чернышева; February 12, 1693 – June 17, 1747) was a Russian noble and lady in waiting. She was the royal mistress of Tsar Peter the Great of Russia. She was the daug ...
, Russian lady-in-waiting (d.
1747 Events January–March * January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital. * February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine II Coul ...
) *
February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th. *1462 – The ...
José del Campillo José del Campillo y Cossío (February 13, 1693 in Alles, Peñamellera Alta, Asturias – April 11, 1743 in Madrid), was a Spanish statesman. His writings were influential in shaping the Spanish monarchy's reorganization of its empire, kno ...
, Spanish politician (d.
1743 Events January–March * January 1 – The Verendrye brothers, probably Louis-Joseph and François de La Vérendrye, become the first white people to see the Rocky Mountains from the eastern side (the Spanish conquistadors ...
) *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
Peter Schenk the Younger Peter Schenk the Younger (born 15 February 1693 in Amsterdam; died: 14 January 1775) was a Dutch engraver and map publisher active in Leipzig. He was the son of the engraver and map publisher Peter Schenk the Elder who owned a shop in Leipzig and ...
, German engraver and map publisher (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
) *
February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...
**
James Quin James Quin (24 February 1693 – 21 January 1766) was an English actor of Irish descent. Life Quin was born in King Street, Covent Garden, London, an illegitimate son of James Quin, an Irish-born barrister, and his partner (whom he apparently n ...
, English actor (d.
1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...
) **
Johann Jacob Rambach Johann, typically a male given name, is the German form of ''Iohannes'', which is the Latin form of the Greek name ''Iōánnēs'' (), itself derived from Hebrew name ''Yochanan'' () in turn from its extended form (), meaning "Yahweh is Gracious" ...
, German theologian (d.
1735 Events January–March * January 2 – Alexander Pope's poem ''Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot'' is published in London. * January 8 – George Frideric Handel's opera ''Ariodante'' is premièred at the Royal Opera House in Covent G ...
) *
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his ''bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...
Sir Thomas Wheate, 2nd Baronet Sir Thomas Wheate, 2nd Baronet (2 March 1693 – 1 May 1746) was an England, English politician who was the Member of Parliament for Woodstock from 1722 to 1727. He was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Wheate, 1st Baronet, whom he succeeded in 172 ...
, English politician (d.
1746 Events January–March * January 8 – The Young Pretender Charles Edward Stuart occupies Stirling, Scotland. * January 17 – Battle of Falkirk Muir: British Government forces are defeated by Jacobite forces. * February 1 ...
) *
March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern ...
Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian (d.
1754 Events January–March * January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''. * February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Pla ...
) * March 6Edward Willes, English Anglican bishop and cryptanalyst (d.
1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...
) *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
Pope Clement XIII Pope Clement XIII ( la, Clemens XIII; it, Clemente XIII; 7 March 1693 – 2 February 1769), born Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 July 1758 to his death in February 1769. ...
, pope of the Catholic Church (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. *44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – Odoa ...
Sir William Heathcote, 1st Baronet Sir William Heathcote, 1st Baronet (15 March 1693 – 10 May 1751), of Hursley, Hampshire, was a British merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1722 and 1741. Heathcote was the second son of Samuel Heathcote, Esq., of Hac ...
, British politician (d.
1751 In Britain and its colonies (except Scotland), 1751 only had 282 days due to the British Calendar Act of 1751, which ended the year on 31 December (rather than nearly three months later according to its previous rule). Events January&nd ...
) * March 16
Malhar Rao Holkar Malhar Rao Holkar (16 March 1693 – 20 May 1766) was a noble subedar of the Maratha Empire, in present-day India. He was one of the early officers along with Ranoji Scindia to help spread the Maratha rule to northern states and was given the es ...
, Indian nobleman (d.
1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...
) * March 17
Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste Sofie of Neuburg Elisabeth Auguste of Neuburg (Elisabeth Auguste Sofie; 1693–1728) was the only surviving child of Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine. The Palatinate-Neuburg line became extinct with her father and was succeeded by the Palatinate-Sulzbach line. ...
, Grandmother of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria (d.
1728 Events January–March * January 5 – The '' Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gerónimo de la Habana'', the oldest university in Cuba, is founded in Havana. * January 9 – The coronation of Peter II as the Tsar of t ...
)


April–June

*
April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Kom ...
Melusina von der Schulenburg, Countess of Walsingham Petronilla Melusina von der Schulenburg, Countess of Walsingham, Countess of Chesterfield (1 April 1693 – 16 September 1778) was the natural daughter of King George I of Great Britain and his longtime mistress, Melusine von der Schulenbur ...
, British Countess (d.
1778 Events January–March * January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook, with ships HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands of the Pacific Ocean, which he na ...
) * April 3 ** George Edwards, English naturalist (d.
1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...
) **
John Harrison John Harrison ( – 24 March 1776) was a self-educated English Carpentry, carpenter and clockmaker who invented the marine chronometer, a long-sought-after device for solving the History of longitude, problem of calculating longitude while at s ...
, English clockmaker, horologist and inventor of the marine chronometer (d.
1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 1 ...
) *
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
John West, 1st Earl De La Warr Lieutenant-General John West, 1st Earl De La Warr (4 April 169316 March 1766), styled The Honourable John West until 1723 and known as The Lord De La Warr between 1723 and 1761, was a British soldier, courtier and politician who sat in the Hous ...
, British general (d.
1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...
) *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
Johann Georg Keyßler Johann Georg Keyßler (or Keyssler when the letter ß is avoided; 1693–1743) was a German polymath, known for his travel writings and his archaeology. He is regarded as the father of German protohistory. Born in Thurnau, Keyßler first studied ...
, German polymath (d.
1743 Events January–March * January 1 – The Verendrye brothers, probably Louis-Joseph and François de La Vérendrye, become the first white people to see the Rocky Mountains from the eastern side (the Spanish conquistadors ...
) * April 16 ** Mary Alexander, British American merchant (d.
1760 Events January–March * January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas. * January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the Fr ...
) **
Anne Sophie Reventlow Anne Sophie von Reventlow ( da, Anna Sophie; 16 April 1693 – 7 January 1743) was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1721 to 1730 as the second wife of Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway. Early life Countess Anna Sophie von Reventlow was born in ...
, Danish royal consort, Queen of Denmark-Norway (d.
1743 Events January–March * January 1 – The Verendrye brothers, probably Louis-Joseph and François de La Vérendrye, become the first white people to see the Rocky Mountains from the eastern side (the Spanish conquistadors ...
) * April 20Daniel Brodhead II, American justice of the peace (d. 1755) * April 25 – Sir Charles Hotham, 5th Baronet, British diplomat (d. 1738) * April 26 – William Wollaston (Ipswich MP elected 1733), William Wollaston, British politician (d.
1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt ...
) * April 29 – Asmus Ehrenreich von Bredow (d. 1756) * April 30 – Giuseppe Maria Feroni, Italian cardinal (d. 1767) * May 4 – Thomas Gent, Irish printer and writer (d.
1778 Events January–March * January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook, with ships HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands of the Pacific Ocean, which he na ...
) * May 9 – Charles Howard, 7th Earl of Suffolk, English Earl (d. 1722) * May 10 ** John Fox (biographer), John Fox, English biographer (d.
1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...
) ** Henry Hare, 3rd Baron Coleraine, Irish peer and politician (d. 1749) * May 15 – Henry Winder, English chronologist (d. 1752) * May 24 – Georg Rafael Donner, Austrian sculptor (d. 1741) * May 31 – Bartolomeo Nazari, Italian painter (d.
1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
) * June 1 ** Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Russian diplomat, chancellor of the Russian Empire (d. 1768) ** Johann Dietrich von Hülsen, German canon (d. 1767) * June 17 ** Prince Charles William of Hesse-Darmstadt, Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt and Obrist (d. 1707) ** Diego de Torres Villarroel, Spanish writer (d. 1770) ** Johann Georg Walch, German theologian (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
) * June 19 – Christian August Hausen, German mathematician and physicist (d.
1743 Events January–March * January 1 – The Verendrye brothers, probably Louis-Joseph and François de La Vérendrye, become the first white people to see the Rocky Mountains from the eastern side (the Spanish conquistadors ...
) * June 20 – Wilhelmina Maria Frederica of Rochlitz, Polish noble (d. 1729) * June 29 – Juan Bautista de Anza I, Spanish militar and explorer (d.
1740 Events January–March * January 8 – All 237 crewmen on the Dutch East India Company ship ''Rooswijk'' are drowned, when the vessel strikes the shoals of Goodwin Sands, off of the coast of England, as it is beginning its secon ...
)


July–September

* July 7 – Gilles-François de Beauvais, French Jesuit (d.
1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...
) * July 12 – Jean-Baptiste de Brancas, Roman Catholic archbishop (d. 1770) * July 16 – Cecilia Rosa de Jesús Talangpaz, Servant of God (d. 1731) * July 17 – Gerard Melder, miniature and watercolor painter from the Northern Netherlands (d.
1754 Events January–March * January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''. * February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Pla ...
) * July 21 – Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1768) * July 26 – Alexandre Le Riche de La Poupelinière, Patron of music and literature (d. 1762) * August 1 – Hugh Hughes (poet), Hugh Hughes, Welsh poet (d.
1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 1 ...
) * August 7 ** Sir Edmund Bacon, 5th Baronet, British politician (d. 1738) ** Charles, Prince of Rochefort, French noble (d.
1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...
) * August 8 – Laurent Belissen, French composer (d. 1762) * August 9 ** Anne Cecil, Countess of Salisbury, British noble (d.
1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt ...
) ** Princess Sophia Wilhelmina of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Princess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld by birth and by marriage Princess of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (d. 1727) * August 11 – Francisco de Merlo, Spanish noblemen, military and notary (d.
1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
) * August 13 – Gustavus Handcock, Irish politician (d.
1751 In Britain and its colonies (except Scotland), 1751 only had 282 days due to the British Calendar Act of 1751, which ended the year on 31 December (rather than nearly three months later according to its previous rule). Events January&nd ...
) * September 3 – Charles Radclyffe, Titular 5th Earl of Derwentwater (d.
1746 Events January–March * January 8 – The Young Pretender Charles Edward Stuart occupies Stirling, Scotland. * January 17 – Battle of Falkirk Muir: British Government forces are defeated by Jacobite forces. * February 1 ...
) * September 7 – Victor I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (d. 1772) * September 9 – Quinault-Dufresne, French actor (d. 1767) * September 10 – James MacSparran, Church of England clergyman in America (d.
1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt ...
) * September 13 – Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach, Austrian architect (d. 1742) * September 19 – Louis Charles Armand Fouquet, French general and diplomat (d.
1747 Events January–March * January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital. * February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine II Coul ...
) * September 21 – Thomas Secker, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1768) * September 22 – Simon Nikolaus Euseb von Montjoye-Hirsingen, Prince Bishop of Basel (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
)


October–December

* October 3 – Conway Blennerhassett, Irish politician (d. 1724) * October 5 – Johann Christian Buxbaum, German physician, botanist and traveller (d. 1730) * October 6 – Marie-Madeleine de Parabère, French aristocrat (d. 1755) * October 9 – Johann Lorenz von Mosheim, German church historian (d. 1755) * October 11 ** Frederick Charles, Prince of Stolberg-Gedern (d. 1767) ** John Hobart, 1st Earl of Buckinghamshire, British politician (d. 1756) * October 14 – Daniel Maichel, German philosopher (d. 1752) * October 15 – Sir Edward Wilmot, 1st Baronet, Royal surgeon (d. 1786) * October 18 ** John Chandler (sheriff), John Chandler, American judge and sheriff (d. 1762) ** John Gilbert (archbishop of York), John Gilbert, Archbishop of York (d.
1761 Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, and restore the Mughal Empire to Shah Alam II. * January 16 – Siege of Pondi ...
) ** Jeremiah Markland, British classical scholar (d.
1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 1 ...
) * October 20 – Gideon Wanton, Rhode Island colonial governor (d. 1767) * October 21 ** Adriaan van der Burg, painter from the Northern Netherlands (d. 1733) ** Frederik Nannestad, Norwegian bishop (d. 1774) * October 22 – Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, American planter (d. 1781) * October 25 – Antoine Ferrein, French anatomist (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) * October 28 – Šimon Brixi, Czech composer (d.
1735 Events January–March * January 2 – Alexander Pope's poem ''Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot'' is published in London. * January 8 – George Frideric Handel's opera ''Ariodante'' is premièred at the Royal Opera House in Covent G ...
) * October 30 – Samuel Chew (justice), Samuel Chew, American judge (d.
1743 Events January–March * January 1 – The Verendrye brothers, probably Louis-Joseph and François de La Vérendrye, become the first white people to see the Rocky Mountains from the eastern side (the Spanish conquistadors ...
) * November 5 – Ivan Neplyuyev, Russian noble (d.
1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...
) * November 9 – Countess Henriette Charlotte of Nassau-Idstein, German princess (d. 1734) * November 10 – Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière, French admiral (d. 1756) * November 13 – Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham, British politician (d.
1750 Various sources, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, use the year 1750 as a baseline year for the end of the pre-industrial era. Events January–March * January 13 – The Treaty of Madrid between Spain ...
) * November 22 ** Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon, daughter of Louis (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
) ** Zheng Xie, Chinese painter (d.
1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...
) * November 28 – Anthonie van der Heim, Dutch politician, urban magistrate and judge in Rotterdam, Grand Pensionary of Holland (d.
1746 Events January–March * January 8 – The Young Pretender Charles Edward Stuart occupies Stirling, Scotland. * January 17 – Battle of Falkirk Muir: British Government forces are defeated by Jacobite forces. * February 1 ...
) * November 30 – Christoph Förster, German composer (d. 1745) * December 9 – Nathaniel Appleton, Congregational minister (d. 1784) * December 29 – Pierre Joseph Céloron de Blainville, French explorer (d. 1759) * ''date unknown'' – Heyat Mahmud, Bengali poet (d.
1760 Events January–March * January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas. * January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the Fr ...
)


Deaths


January–March

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
– Theodor Undereyck, German theologian (b. 1635) * January 4 – Thomas Hanford, first minister in Norwalk, Connecticut (b. 1621) * January 6 ** Mehmed IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687 (b. 1642) ** Marguerite de la Sablière, French salonist and polymath (b. 1640) * January 7 ** Marco Antonio Tomati (bishop of Asti), Marco Antonio Tomati, roman-catholic bishop (b. 1583) ** Federico Visconti, Cardinal Archbishop of Milan (b. 1617) * January 8 – Jan Andrzej Morsztyn, Polish poet (b. 1621) * January 21 – Honda Toshinaga, daimyo (b. 1635) * January 27 – Anthony Lowther (died 1693), Anthony Lowther, English politician (b. 1641) * January 31 ** Ahasuerus Fromanteel, English clockmaker (b. 1607) ** Baptist Levinz, English bishop (b. 1644) * February 4 – John de Britto, Portuguese Jesuit missionary and martyr (b. 1647) * February 7 – Paul Pellisson, French writer (b. 1624) * February 9 – William Turner (London MP), William Turner, English Sheriff, Lord Mayor and M.P. of London (b. 1615) * February 11 – John de Brito, Portuguese Jesuit missionary and martyr (b. 1647) *
February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th. *1462 – The ...
– Johann Caspar Kerll, German composer and organist (b. 1627) * February 18 – Elias Tillandz, Swedish physician, botanist, professor of medicine and university rector (Royal Academy of Turku) (b. 1640) * February 21 – Pierre-Joseph-Marie Chaumonot, French missionary (b. 1611) * February 22 – Henrik Horn, Swedish military leader and noble (b. 1618) *
February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...
– Filippo Alferio Ossorio, Catholic Bishop of Fondi (b. 1634) * March 3 – William Stockdale, Member of Parliament (b. 1634) * March 6 – Antonio Caraffa, Austrian Military commander (b. 1646) * March 8 – Countess Palatine Leopoldine Eleonora of Neuburg (b. 1679) * March 10 – Carlo Cesare Malvasia, Italian art historian (b. 1616) * March 13 – John Rashleigh (1619–1693) of Coombe, John Rashleigh, English politician (b. 1619) * March 17 – Richard Whithed (Stockbridge MP), Richard Whithed, English politician (b. 1660) * March 21 – Walter Chetwynd, English antiquary, politician (b. 1633) * March 24 – Constantin Cantemir, Ruler of Moldavia (b. 1612) * March 27 – Sylvanus Morgan, English painter (b. 1620) * March 31 – Adriaantje Hollaer, Dutch painter (b. 1610)


April–June

*
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
** Isaac Aboab da Fonseca, Portuguese Sephardic rabbi (b. 1605) ** Anne Palles, Danish witch (b. 1619) *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
** Philip William August, Count Palatine of Neuburg, Eighth son of Elector Palatine Philip William (b. 1668) ** Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, French writer (b. 1627) ** George Louis I, Count of Erbach-Erbach (b. 1643) ** Christian Scriver, German hymnwriter (b. 1629) * April 9 – Roger de Rabutin, comte de Bussy, French writer (b. 1618) * April 15 ** Pierre Cureau de La Chambre, French priest (b. 1640) ** Sir John Cutler, 1st Baronet, English merchant and financier (b. 1608) * April 17 – Rutger von Ascheberg, Courland-born soldier in Swedish service (b. 1621) * April 20 – Claudio Coello, Spanish Baroque painter (b. 1642) * May 2 – Ernest, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels and later of Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (b. 1623) * May 3 – Claude de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French courtier (b. 1607) * May 6 ** François Tallemant the Elder, French translator (b. 1620) ** William Yardley, Quaker minister (b. 1632) * May 8 – Jan Verkolje, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. 1650) * May 13 – Thomas Jervoise (died 1693), Thomas Jervoise, English politician (b. 1616) * May 15 ** Jacques Du Frische, theologian (b. 1640) ** John Hamilton, 2nd Lord Bargany, Scottish peer accused of treason and cleared of charges (b. 1640) * May 16 – Philippe Couplet, Flemish Jesuit missionary (b. 1623) *
May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 4 ...
– Giacomo Altoviti, Italian religious (b. 1604) * May 21 – Henry Erskine, 3rd Lord Cardross, Scottish nobleman and covenanter (b. 1650) * May 25 ** Al-Hurr al-Amili, Muslim cleric and scholar (b. 1624) ** Madame de La Fayette, French writer (b. 1634) * May 27 ** Asano Mitsuakira (b. 1617) ** John Spencer (priest), John Spencer, English clergyman, scholar, Master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (b. 1630) * June 3 – Camille de Neufville de Villeroy, Archbishop of Lyon (b. 1606) * June 4 – John Wildman, English soldier and politician (b. 1621) * June 6 – Dirck Ferreris, Dutch painter (b. 1634) * June 7 – Miklós Erdődy, Ban of Croatia (b. 1630) * June 12 ** John Ashby (Royal Navy officer), John Ashby, Royal Navy admiral (b. 1646) ** Christen Jensen Lodberg, Danish bishop (b. 1625) * June 17 – Francisco Marcos de Velasco, Spanish military governor, commander of Antwerp Citadel (b. 1633) * June 18 – Johann Heinrich von Anethan, German vicar general and canon (b. 1628) * June 20 – Juliana of Hesse-Eschwege, German noblewoman (b. 1652) * June 22 – Wolfgang Leinberer, German astronomer, philosopher, mathematician, professor, priest in the Society of Jesus (b. 1635) * June 23 – Sir John Wittewrong, 1st Baronet, English parliamentarian (b. 1618) * June 24 ** Sir Henry Lyttelton, 2nd Baronet, English politician (b. 1624) ** Pavel Josef Vejvanovský, Czech composer (b. 1633) ** Isaac Willaerts, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. c. 1620) * June 26 – John Philip II, Wild- and Rhinegrave of Salm-Dhaun (b. 1645) * June 30 – Christina zu Mecklenburg, princess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b. 1639)


July–September

* July 4 – Ermanno Stroiffi, Italian painter (b. 1616) * July 8 – François Duchesne, French historian (b. 1616) * July 12 ** John Ashby (Royal Navy officer), John Ashby, English admiral (b. c. 1640) ** Johan Hadorph, Swedish director-general of the Central Board of National Antiquities (b. 1630) * July 13 ** Cataldo Amodei, Sicilian composer (b. 1649) ** Michiel Nouts, Dutch painter (b. 1628) ** Johann Konrad von Roggenbach, Prince-Bishop of Basle (b. 1618) * July 19 – Hendrik Trajectinus, Count of Solms, Dutch lieutenant-general (b. 1638) * July 22 – John Davies (translator), John Davies, Welsh translator and writer (b. 1625) * July 26 – Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark, Queen consort of Sweden (b. 1656) * July 31 – Willem Kalf, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. 1619) * August 7 – John George II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (b. 1627) * August 12 – Mark Sension, Connecticut settler (b. 1630) * August 15 – Gregorio María de Silva y Mendoza, 9th Duke of the Infantado (b. 1649) *
August 21 Events Pre-1600 * 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège. * 1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song Wars. *1169 – Battle o ...
– Patrick Sarsfield, 1st Earl of Lucan, Irish Jacobite peer (b. 1655) * August 23 – Johann Daniel Major, German professor of theoretical medicine (b. 1634) * August 27 – Edward Rawson (politician), Edward Rawson, American settler (b. 1615) * August 28 ** Johann Christoph Bach (musician at Arnstadt), Johann Christoph Bach, German composer (b. 1645) ** Jane Howard, Duchess of Norfolk, British noble (b. 1640) * August 30 – Laurent Cassegrain, French priest, astronomer and physicist (b. 1629) * September 1 – Nicolas Potier de Novion, French politician (b. 1618) * September 5 – Otto Grote zu Schauen, German politician (b. 1636) * September 6 – Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma (b. 1666) * September 9 – Ihara Saikaku, Japanese writer (b. 1642) * September 12 ** Elisabeth Baulacre, Genevan industrialist (b. 1613) ** Lionel Copley, List of colonial governors of Maryland, Colonial governor of Maryland (d. 1648) ** Gabrielle de Rochechouart de Mortemart, French noble (b. 1633) * September 13 ** Lazar Baranovych, Ukrainian bishop (b. 1616) ** Flavio Chigi (1631–1693), Flavio Chigi, Italian cardinal and librarian (b. 1631) * September 14 – Aert Jansse van Nes, Dutch admiral (b. 1626) * September 16 – Giovanni Battista de Belli, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Telese o Cerreto Sannita (b. 1630) * September 19 – Johann Weikhard von Valvasor, Slovenian nobleman and polymath (b. 1641) * September 24 – Henri Justel, French scholar, royal administrator, bibliophile and librarian (b. 1620) * September 25 – William Bassett (died 1693), William Bassett, English landowner and politician (b. 1628) * September 27 – John Lovelace, 3rd Baron Lovelace, English politician (b. 1640) * September 28 ** Pietro Antonio d'Alessandro, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1628) ** Thomas Knyvett, 7th Baron Berners, English politician (b. 1656) * September 30 – Bankei Yōtaku, Japanese Zen buddhist monk (b. 1622)


October–December

* October 1 – Pedro Abarca, Spanish theologian (b. 1619) * October 4 – Thomas Clayton (physician), Thomas Clayton, English politician (b. 1612) * October 5 – George Lawton (settler), George Lawton, American settler (b. 1607) * October 8 – Thomas Bampfield, English politician (b. 1623) * October 9 ** Marquard Sebastian Schenk von Stauffenberg, Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (b. 1644) ** Unshō, Japanese Buddhist scriptural commentator (b. 1604) * October 10 – Charles Patin, French physician (b. 1633) * October 12 – Sir Christopher Conyers, 2nd Baronet, Conyers baronets and Lord Lieutenant of Durham (b. 1621) * October 14 – Philipp Kilian, German engraver (b. 1628) * October 17 – Charles Schomberg, 2nd Duke of Schomberg, English general (b. 1645) * October 25 – Theodor von Strattman, Austrian diplomat (b. 1637) * October 26 ** Coenraad van Beuningen, Dutch diplomat (b. 1622) ** Kyprian Zochovskyj, Metropolitan of Kyiv (b. 1635) * November 2 – Theodor Kerckring, Dutch anatomist (b. 1638) * November 9 – Samuel Hale (settler), Samuel Hale, Connecticut settler and politician (b. 1615) * November 12 – Maria van Oosterwijck, Dutch Golden Age painter (b. 1623) * November 13 – Francesco Fortezza, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1621) * November 16 – Francis Marsh, Irish bishop (b. 1626) * November 23 – Job Adriaenszoon Berckheyde, Dutch painter (b. 1630) * November 24 – William Sancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1617) * November 30 – Francesco Lorenzo Brancati di Lauria, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1612) * December 5 – Levinus Bennet, English politician (b. 1631) * December 12 – Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler, Countess of Hanau-Lichtenberg (b. 1640) * December 13 ** Dosoftei, Moldavian Metropolitan (b. 1624) ** Willem van de Velde the Elder, Dutch painter (b. c. 1611) * December 14 – Giuseppe Felice Tosi, Italian composer (b. 1619) *
December 16 Events Pre-1600 * 714 – Pepin of Herstal, mayor of the Merovingian palace, dies at Jupille (modern Belgium). He is succeeded by his infant grandson Theudoald, while his widow Plectrude holds actual power in the Frankish Kingdom. * 755 ...
– Jacques Rousseau (painter), Jacques Rousseau, painter from France (b. 1630) * December 21 – Hendrick Mommers, Dutch painter (b. 1623) * December 22 – Elisabeth Hevelius, Danzig astronomer (b. 1647) * December 24 – Nicolaes Maes, Dutch painter (b. 1634) * December 27 – Henri de Villars (died 1693), Henri de Villars, French prelate (b. 1621) * December 29 – Vere Fane, 4th Earl of Westmorland, English Earl (b. 1644) * ''date unknown'' – Lars Nilsson (shaman), Lars Nilsson, Sami shaman in Sweden


References

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