Events from the year

1455 Year 1455 (Roman numerals, MCDLV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 8 – Pope Nicholas V publishes ''Romanus Pontifex'', an e ...

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

Incumbents

Monarch A monarch is a head of stateWebster's II New College DictionarMonarch Houghton Mifflin. Boston. 2001. p. 707. Life tenure, for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch may exercise the highest authority ...

– Henry VI *

Lord Chancellor The lord chancellor, formally the lord high chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest-ranking traditional minister among the Great Officers of State in Scotland and England in the United Kingdom, nominally outranking the prime minister. The ...

– Thomas Bourchier *

Lord Privy Seal The Lord Privy Seal (or, more formally, the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal) is the fifth of the Great Officers of State (United Kingdom), Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord President of the Council and abov ...

–

Thomas Lisieux Thomas Lisieux (died 1456) was a Canon of Windsor from 1435 to 1442 and Dean of St Paul’s from 1441 to 1456. Career He was appointed: *Senior Proctor, Oxford 1426 *Rector of St Michael, Cornhill 1433 - 1447 *Prebendary of Rugmere in St Paul� ...

Events

* May – The garrison of

English Calais The Pale of Calais was a territory in Northern France ruled by the monarchs of England for more than two hundred years from 1347 to 1558. The area, which was taken following the Battle of Crécy in 1346 and the subsequent siege of Calais, was ...

mutinies over pay arrears. * 22 May – Richard, Duke of York defeats the army of Henry VI at the

First Battle of St Albans The First Battle of St Albans, fought on 22 May 1455 at St Albans, 22 miles (35 km) north of London, traditionally marks the beginning of the Wars of the Roses in England. Richard, Duke of York, and his allies, the Neville earls of Salisb ...

. Henry is captured, marking the beginning of the

Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses (1455–1487), known at the time and for more than a century after as the Civil Wars, were a series of civil wars fought over control of the English throne in the mid-to-late fifteenth century. These wars were fought bet ...

. * 23 October –

Bonville–Courtenay feud The Bonville–Courtenay feud of 1455 engendered a series of raids, sieges, and attacks between two major Devon families, the Courtenays and the Bonvilles, in south west England, in the mid-fifteenth century. One of many such aristocratic feud ...

Devon Devon ( , historically known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in South West England. The most populous settlement in Devon is the city of Plymouth, followed by Devon's county town, the city of Exeter. Devon is ...

: Thomas Courtenay, heir to the Earl of Devon, arranges the murder of lawyer

Nicholas Radford Nicholas Radford (c. 1385 – 23 October 1455) of Upcott, Cheriton Fitzpaine, Upcott in the parish of Cheriton Fitzpaine, and of Poughill, Devon, Poughill, Devon, was a prominent lawyer in the Westcountry who served as Member of Parliament for ...

. * 19 November – The Duke of York is reinstated as

Lord Protector Lord Protector (plural: ''Lords Protector'') was a title that has been used in British constitutional law for the head of state. It was also a particular title for the British heads of state in respect to the established church. It was sometimes ...

, acting as regent for the King. * November–December – Bonville–Courtenay feud leads to continued rioting and rebellion in Devon including sacking of

Exeter Exeter () is a city in Devon, South West England. It is situated on the River Exe, approximately northeast of Plymouth and southwest of Bristol. In Roman Britain, Exeter was established as the base of Legio II Augusta under the personal comm ...

. * 15 December – The first battle of

Clyst Heath Today Clyst Heath is a suburb to the south east of the city of Exeter, Devon, England. An area of relatively high ground to the west of the River Clyst, it remained heathland until the early nineteenth century when it was cultivated for the first t ...

is fought as part of the Bonville–Courtenay feud * Unknown – Earliest known reference to

knitting Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile, or fabric. It is used to create many types of garments. Knitting may be done by hand or by machine. Knitting creates stitches: loops of yarn in a row, either flat or i ...

in England. * Unknown – The Importation Act is passed in order to protect the English

silk Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the coc ...

industry

Births

Marquess of Dorset The title Marquess of Dorset has been created three times in the Peerage of England. It was first created in 1397 for John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, but he lost the title two years later. It was then created in 1442 for Edmund Beaufort, 1st ...

, nobleman and courtier (died

1501 Year 1501 ( MDI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 17 – Cesare Borgia returns triumphantly to Rome, from Romagna. * March 25 & ...

) * John Spencer, landowner (died

1522 __NOTOC__ Year 1522 ( MDXXII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1522nd year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 522nd year of the 2nd millenn ...

)

Deaths

John Scrope, 4th Baron Scrope of Masham John Scrope, 4th Baron Scrope of Masham (c.1388 – 15 November 1455) was an English peer, Privy Councillor and Treasurer of England. He was the fourth son of Stephen le Scrope, 2nd Baron Scrope of Masham and Margery, daughter of John Welles, 4th ...

, politician (born

1388 Year 1388 ( MCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * February – The entire court of Richard II of England are convicted of treason b ...

) *

Thomas de Strickland Sir Thomas de Strickland (also Stryckeland; 1367 – 30 July 1455) was an English soldier. He is best known for carrying the banner of St. George at the battle of Agincourt. At war Biography On 21 July 1403, de Strickland fought on the Roya ...

, soldier (born

1367 Year 1367 ( MCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 18 – Ferdinand I becomes King of Portugal after the death of his fathe ...

) * At the

(22 May) **

Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland (3 February 139322 May 1455) was an English nobleman and military commander in the lead up to the Wars of the Roses. He was the son of Henry "Hotspur" Percy, and the grandson of Henry Percy, 1st Earl of No ...

, politician (born

1393 Year 1393 ( MCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events * January 28 – Bal des Ardents: Four members of the court of Charles VI of France die in a fire, at a masqu ...

) **

Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, 4th Earl of Somerset, 1st Earl of Dorset, 1st Marquess of Dorset styled 1st Count of Mortain, KG (140622 May 1455), was an English nobleman and an important figure during the Hundred Years' War. His riva ...

, commander (born

1406 Year 1406 ( MCDVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * April 4 – James I becomes King of Scotland, after having been captured by Henry IV ...

) **

Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Stafford Humphrey Stafford ( – 22 May 1458), generally known by his Courtesy titles in the United Kingdom, courtesy title of Earl of Stafford, was the eldest son of Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Anne Stafford, Duchess of Buckingham, Lad ...

(born

1425 Year 1425 ( MCDXXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events * November 9 – Kale Kye-Taung Nyo becomes King of Ava by having his lover, Queen Shin Bo-Me, assassinate h ...

)

References

{{England year nav Years of the 15th century in England