|
1455 In England
Events from the year 1455 in Kingdom of England, England. Incumbents * List of English monarchs, Monarch – Henry VI of England, Henry VI * Lord Chancellor – Thomas Bourchier (cardinal), Thomas Bourchier * Lord Privy Seal – Thomas Lisieux Events * May – The garrison of English Calais mutinies over pay arrears. * 22 May – Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, Richard, Duke of York defeats the army of Henry VI at the First Battle of St Albans. Henry is captured, marking the beginning of the Wars of the Roses. * 23 October – Bonville–Courtenay feud in Devon: Thomas Courtenay, 6th/14th Earl of Devon, Thomas Courtenay, heir to the Earl of Devon, arranges the murder of lawyer Nicholas Radford. * 19 November – The Duke of York is reinstated as Lord Protector, acting as regent for the King. * November–December – Bonville–Courtenay feud leads to continued rioting and rebellion in Devon including sacking of Exeter. * 15 December – The first battle of Clyst Heath is f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1455
Year 1455 (Roman numerals, MCDLV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 8 – Pope Nicholas V publishes ''Romanus Pontifex'', an encyclical addressed to King Afonso V of Portugal, which sanctions the conquest of non-Christian lands, and the reduction of native non-Christian populations to 'perpetual slavery'. (Later there will be a dramatic reversal when, in 1537, the bull ''Sublimis Deus'' of Pope Paul III forbids the enslavement of non-Christians.) * February 23 – The Gutenberg Bible is the first book printed with movable type. * April 8 – Pope Calixtus III succeeds Pope Nicholas V, as the 209th pope. * Spring – The Wars of the Roses begin in Kingdom of England, England. * May 1 – Battle of Arkinholm: Forces loyal to King James II of Scotland defeat the supporters of the Earl of Douglas. * May 22 – First Battle of St Albans: Richard Pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exeter
Exeter () is a city in Devon, South West England. It is situated on the River Exe, approximately northeast of Plymouth and southwest of Bristol. In Roman Britain, Exeter was established as the base of Legio II Augusta under the personal command of Vespasian. Exeter became a religious centre in the Middle Ages. Exeter Cathedral, founded in the mid 11th century, became Anglican in the 16th-century English Reformation. Exeter became an affluent centre for the wool trade, although by the First World War the city was in decline. After the Second World War, much of the city centre was rebuilt and is now a centre for education, business and tourism in Devon and Cornwall. It is home to two of the constituent campuses of the University of Exeter: Streatham and St Luke's. The administrative area of Exeter has the status of a non-metropolitan district under the administration of the County Council. It is the county town of Devon and home to the headquarters of Devon County Council. A p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Percy, 2nd Earl Of Northumberland
Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland (3 February 139322 May 1455) was an English nobleman and military commander in the lead up to the Wars of the Roses. He was the son of Henry "Hotspur" Percy, and the grandson of Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland. His father and grandfather were killed in different rebellions against Henry IV in 1403 and 1408 respectively, and the young Henry spent his minority in exile in Scotland. Only after the death of Henry IV in 1413 was he reconciled with the Crown, and in 1414 he was created Earl of Northumberland. In the following years, Northumberland occasionally served with the king in France, but his main occupation was the protection of the border to Scotland. At the same time, a feud with the Neville family was developing, particularly with Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury. This feud became entangled with the conflict between the Dukes of York and Somerset over control of national government. The conflict culminated in the first b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1367 In England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers approximately 62%, and over 100 smaller adjacent islands. It has land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, and is otherwise surrounded by the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south, the Celtic Sea to the south-west, and the Irish Sea to the west. Continental Europe lies to the south-east, and Ireland to the west. At the 2021 census, the population was 56,490,048. London is both the largest city and the capital. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic. It takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century. The Kingdom of England, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas De Strickland
Sir Thomas de Strickland (also Stryckeland; 1367 – 30 July 1455) was an English soldier. He is best known for carrying the banner of St. George at the battle of Agincourt. At war Biography On 21 July 1403, de Strickland fought on the Royalist side at the Battle of Shrewsbury for Henry IV and was awarded by the King, a sum of £38 and two horses which had belonged to the rebel Henry Percy (Hotspur). He was also rewarded for his valiant efforts by being made Keeper of Inglewood royal forest in Cumberland. He was appointed Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire for 1410 and for 1414. He was elected one of the knights of the shire (to represent Westmorland in the Parliament of England) in 1404, 1429, and 1431. Battle of Agincourt On 25 October 1415, de Strickland and his Men at arms, including a group of archers known as "the Kendal Bowmen", were part of the army of King Henry V which won a major battle at Agincourt in North West France against superior numbers. As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1388 In England
Events from the 1380s in England. Incumbents *Monarch – Richard II Events * 1380 ** 16 January – Parliament declares Richard II of age to rule. ** 13 March – The town of Winchelsea in East Sussex is attacked and burned by an expeditionary force from France for a second time."Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p27 ** February – John de Cobham, 3rd Baron Cobham, is licensed to begin the 5-year fortification of Cooling Castle on the south side of the Thames Estuary; it is the earliest English castle designed for the use of gunpowder weapons by its defenders. ** July to September – Hundred Years' War: The King's uncle, Thomas of Woodstock, raids France; the French burn Portsmouth. ** November – the second of a series of three poll taxes designed to help pay for the war against France. ** John Wycliffe beg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Scrope, 4th Baron Scrope Of Masham
John Scrope, 4th Baron Scrope of Masham (c.1388 – 15 November 1455) was an English peer, Privy Councillor and Treasurer of England. He was the fourth son of Stephen le Scrope, 2nd Baron Scrope of Masham and Margery, daughter of John Welles, 4th Baron Welles. He inherited his title in 1415 when his elder brother Henry Scrope, 3rd Baron Scrope of Masham was executed for his part in the Southampton Plot. In 1424 he was knighted, made a Privy Councillor and appointed to Commissions of the Peace of Essex, Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire and Yorkshire. He was on the Council of Regency for the young Henry VI. In 1426 he had the attainder on his title reversed, bought back the Scrope lands confiscated (and granted to other knights in the meantime) following his brother's execution, and was summoned (restored to the Barony) to the House of Lords. In 1428 he acted as an Ambassador to the Pope, the King of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire, and then to Scotland in 1429. In 1432 he was appoin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1522 In England
Events from the 1520s in England. Incumbents * Monarch – Henry VIII * Regent – Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (starting 31 May, until 16 July 1520) * Parliament – Black (starting 15 April, until 13 August 1523), Reformation (starting 3 November 1529) Events * 1520 ** 26–31 May – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor visits King Henry VIII at Dover and Canterbury. ** 7–24 June – King Henry VIII and King Francis I of France meet at the Field of the Cloth of Gold. * 1521 ** 17 May – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. ** 25 September – secret Treaty of Bruges signed by Emperor Charles V and Cardinal Wolsey agreeing to declare war on France in 1523. ** 11 October – Pope Leo X bestows Henry VIII with the title ''Defender of the Faith'' for his work ''Assertio Septem Sacramentorum'' (''The Assertion of the Seven Sacraments'') attacking the teachings of Martin Luther. * 1522 ** Late May – England presents an ultimatum to France and Scotlan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Spencer (died 1522)
Sir John Spencer ( – 14 April 1522) was an English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ... nobleman, politician, sheriff, knight, merchant and landowner. Life and family Spencer was the son of William Spencer of Rodburn (1430–1485), and his wife Elizabeth Empson, daughter of Sir Peter Empson. In 1469, John Spencer's uncle—another John Spencer—had become feoffee (feudal lord) of Wormleighton Manor, Wormleighton in Warwickshire and a tenant at Althorp in Northamptonshire in 1486. The Spencers’ administration of their Northamptonshire and Warwickshire estates was admired and often emulated by gentlemen all over England. Sheep from their pastures were purchased for breeding and it is probable that the family's success as farmers was rarely equalled in the century. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1501 In England
Events from the 1500s in England. Incumbents * Monarch – Henry VII (until 21 April 1509), then Henry VIII * Regent – Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby (starting 21 April, until 28 June 1509) * Parliament – 7th of King Henry VII (starting 25 January, until c. 1 April 1504) Events *1500 **Publication of '' This is the Boke of Cokery'', the first known printed cookbook in English. *1501 **27 January – Archbishop of Canterbury-elect Thomas Langton dies before his consecration. **March – first royal court held at the new Richmond Palace. **26 April – Henry Deane elected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury. **2 October – Catherine of Aragon first sets foot in England, at Plymouth; on 4 November she meets her intended spouse, Arthur, Prince of Wales, for the first time, at Dogmersfield in Hampshire. **14 November – Marriage of Arthur, Prince of Wales to Catherine of Aragon at St Paul's Cathedral in London by the Archbishop of Canterbury, followed by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess Of Dorset
Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset, 1st Earl of Huntingdon, 7th Baron Ferrers of Groby, (145520 September 1501) was an English nobleman, courtier and the eldest son of Elizabeth Woodville and her first husband Sir John Grey of Groby. Her second marriage to King Edward IV made her Queen of England, thus elevating Grey's status at court and in the realm as the stepson of the King. Through his mother's assiduous endeavours, he made two materially advantageous marriages to wealthy heiresses, the King's niece Anne Holland and Cecily Bonville, 7th Baroness Harington. By the latter, he had 14 children. Family Thomas Grey was born in 1455 close to the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. He was the elder son of John Grey (c.1432-1461) of Groby in Leicestershire, by his wife Elizabeth Woodville, who later became queen consort to King Edward IV. Career His mother endeavoured to improve his estates by the conventional methods of their class and time, through his marriages a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm ''Bombyx mori'' reared in captivity (sericulture). The shimmering appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fibre, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles, thus producing different colors. Silk is produced by several insects; but, generally, only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacturing. There has been some research into other types of silk, which differ at the molecular level. Silk is mainly produced by the larvae of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, but some insects, such as webspinners and raspy crickets, produce silk throughout their lives. Silk production also occurs in hymenoptera ( bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
