1443

Year 1443 ( MCDXLIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–December

* July 22 – Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl (Old Zürich War): The forces of the city of Zürich are defeated, but the Swiss Confederacy have insufficient strength to besiege and take the city.
* November 8 – Battle of Niš: John Hunyadi and the army of the Crusade of Varna defeat three armies of the Ottoman Empire, and capture the city of Niš in modern-day Serbia; Skanderbeg deserts the Ottoman camp and goes to Albania.
* November 28 – Skanderbeg and his forces, rebelling against the Ottoman Empire, liberate Krujë, in Middle Albania, and raise the Albanian flag.

Date unknown

* In Moldavia, the conflict between brothers and co-rulers Iliaș and Stephen II reignites, and Stephen captures Iliaș and blinds him, thus remaining sole ruler of the country.
* Portuguese explorer Nuno Tristão penetrates the Arguin Gulf, off the west coast of Africa.
* King Sejong the Great establishes Hangul, as the native alphabet of the Korean language.
* Vlad II Dracul begins his second term as ruler of Wallachia, succeeding Basarab II.
* The Buddhist Zhihua Temple (智化寺) is built in Beijing, at the order of Wang Zhen, chief eunuch at the court of the Zhengtong Emperor of Ming Dynasty China.
* A powerful earthquake destroys the Timișoara Fortress in the Kingdom of Hungary

Births

* January 27 – Albert III, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)
* February 2 – Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony (d. 1484)
* February 12 – Giovanni II Bentivoglio, Italian noble (d. 1508)
* February 23 – Matthias Corvinus, of Hungary (d. 1490)
* May 17 – Edmund, Earl of Rutland, brother of Kings Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (d. 1460)
* May 29 – Victor, Duke of Münsterberg, Reichsgraf, Duke of Münsterberg and Opava, Count of Glatz (d. 1500)
* May 31 or 1441 – Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby, English noble, mother of King Henry VII, grandmother of King Henry VIII of England (d. 1509)
* June 29 – Anthony Browne, English knight (d. 1506)
* September 9 – Muhammad Jaunpuri (d. 1505)
* November 10 – Adolf III of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, Germany noble (d. 1511)
* December 1 – Magdalena of France, French princess and regent of Navarre (d. 1495)
* December 5 – Pope Julius II (d. 1513)
* ''probable''
** Piero del Pollaiuolo, Italian painter (d. 1496)
** Ygo Gales Galama, Frisian warlord and freedom fighting rebel (d. 1492)

Deaths

* January 16 – Erasmo of Narni, Italian mercenary (b. 1370)
* January 28 – Robert le Maçon, Chancellor of France
* February – Guidantonio da Montefeltro, count of Urbino (b. 1377)
* March 24 – James Douglas, 7th Earl of Douglas (b. 1371)
* April 12 – Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury
* May 9 – Niccolò Albergati, Italian cardinal and diplomat (b. 1373)
* June 5 – Ferdinand the Holy Prince of Portugal (b. 1402)
* August 16 – Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1434)
* September 18 – Lewis of Luxembourg, Archbishop of Rouen
* ''date unknown'' – Infante Diogo, Constable of Portugal
** Jelena Balšić, Serbian duchess (b. 1366)
* ''probable'' – Zeami Motokiyo, Japanese actor and playwright (b. 1363)

References

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