12AT7 (also known in Europe by the

Mullard–Philips tube designation In Europe, the principal method of numbering vacuum tubes ("thermionic valves") was the nomenclature used by the Philips company and its subsidiaries Mullard in the UK, Valvo( de, it) in Germany, Radiotechnique (''Miniwatt-Dario'' b ...

of ECC81) is a miniature 9-pin medium-gain (60) dual-

triode A triode is an electronic amplifying vacuum tube (or ''valve'' in British English) consisting of three electrodes inside an evacuated glass envelope: a heated filament or cathode, a grid, and a plate (anode). Developed from Lee De Forest's 19 ...

vacuum tube A vacuum tube, electron tube, valve (British usage), or tube (North America), is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric voltage, potential difference has been applied. The type kn ...

popular in

guitar amplifier A guitar amplifier (or amp) is an electronic device or system that strengthens the electrical signal from a pickup on an electric guitar, bass guitar, or acoustic guitar so that it can produce sound through one or more loudspeakers, which a ...

s. It belongs to a large family of dual

vacuum tubes A vacuum tube, electron tube, valve (British usage), or tube (North America), is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric potential difference has been applied. The type known as a ...

which share the same pinout (EIA 9A), including in particular the very commonly used low- mu 12AU7 and high-mu 12AX7. The 12AT7 has somewhat lower voltage gain than the 12AX7, but higher

transconductance Transconductance (for transfer conductance), also infrequently called mutual conductance, is the electrical characteristic relating the current through the output of a device to the voltage across the input of a device. Conductance is the reciproca ...

and plate current, which makes it suitable for high frequency applications. Originally the tube was intended for operation in VHF circuits, such as

TV set A television set or television receiver, more commonly called the television, TV, TV set, telly, tele, or tube, is a device that combines a tuner, display, and loudspeakers, for the purpose of viewing and hearing television broadcasts, or using ...

s and FM tuners, as an

oscillator Oscillation is the repetitive or periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of equilibrium) or between two or more different states. Familiar examples of oscillation include a swinging pendulum ...

/frequency converter, but it also found wide use in audio as a driver and phase-inverter in vacuum tube

push–pull amplifier Push–pull may refer to: In electronic technology *Push–pull output, type of electronic circuit *Push–pull converter, in electronics, is a type of DC to DC converter that uses a transformer * Push–pull connector, an electronic cable connec ...

circuits. This tube is essentially two 6AB4/EC92s in a single envelope. Unlike the situation with the 6C4 and 12AU7, both the 6AB4 and the 12AT7 are described by manufacturer's data sheets as R.F. devices operating up to VHF frequencies.Tung-sol data sheets for EC92 and 12AT7/ECC81 dated January 1969 and January 1952 respectively The tube has a center-tapped filament so it can be used in either 6.3V 300mA or 12.6V 150mA heater circuits. the 12AT7 was manufactured in Russia (

Electro-Harmonix Electro-Harmonix (also commonly referred to as EHX) is a New York City-based company that makes electronic audio processors and sells rebranded vacuum tubes. The company was founded by Mike Matthews in 1968. It is best known for a series of gu ...

brand),

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...

(

JJ Electronic JJ Electronic, s.r.o is a Slovak electronic component manufacturer, and one of the world's remaining producers of vacuum tubes. It is based in Čadca, in the Kysuce region of Slovakia. Most of its products are audio receiving tubes, mainly used ...

), and China.

References

{{Reflist

External links

12AT7 twin triode data sheet from General Electric

Reviews of 12at7 tubes.
Vacuum tubes Guitar amplification tubes

See also

References

External links