enzymology Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

, a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase () is an

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

the

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...

:1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + H₂O

\rightleftharpoons

2-oxobutanoate + NH₃ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate and H₂O, whereas its two products are 2-oxobutanoate and NH₃. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in compounds that have not been otherwise categorized within EC number 3.5. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate aminohydrolase (isomerizing). This enzyme is also called 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate endolyase (deaminating). This enzyme participates in

propanoate metabolism Propionic acid (, from the Greek words πρῶτος : ''prōtos'', meaning "first", and πίων : ''píōn'', meaning "fat"; also known as propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH3CH2CO2H. It is a liqu ...

. It employs one cofactor,

pyridoxal phosphate Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has catalogued more than 140 PLP-dependent ac ...

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 6 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes , , , , , and .

References

* * EC 3.5.99 Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes Enzymes of known structure {{3.5-enzyme-stub