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''Novaya Gazeta'' (, ) is an independent Russian newspaper. It is known for its critical and investigative coverage of Russian political and social affairs, the Chechen wars, corruption among the ruling elite, and increasing authoritarianism in Russia. It was formerly published in
Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
until shortly after the
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...
began, in regions within Russia, and in some foreign countries. The print edition is published on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays; English-language articles on the website are published on a weekly basis in the form of the ''Russia, Explained'' newsletter. As of 2023, the newspaper had a daily print circulation of 108,000, and online visits of 613,000. Seven journalists, including Yuri Shchekochikhin, Anna Politkovskaya, and Anastasia Baburova, have been murdered since 2000, in connection with their investigations. In October 2021, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov was awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish language, Swedish and ) is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the Will and testament, will of Sweden, Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobe ...
, alongside
Maria Ressa Maria Angelita Ressa (; born Maria Angelita Delfin Aycardo on October 2, 1963) is a Filipino and American journalist. She is the co-founder and CEO of Rappler. She previously spent nearly two decades working as a lead investigative reporter in ...
, for their safeguarding of
freedom of expression Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction. The rights, right to freedom of expression has been r ...
in their homelands. In March 2022, during the
Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...
, the newspaper suspended publication within Russia due to increased government censorship. The next month, a European edition of the paper, '' Europe'', was launched from Riga, Latvia, in order to avoid censorship; the website was blocked in Russia later that month. In July, the newspaper launched a magazine, ''Novaya Rasskaz-Gazeta'', with its website blocked shortly later. In September 2022, Russian authorities revoked Russian media license.


History


1990s

A group of former journalists from ''
Komsomolskaya Pravda ''Komsomolskaya Pravda'' (; ) is a daily Russian tabloid newspaper that was founded in 1925. Its name is in reference to the official Soviet newspaper '' Pravda'' (English: 'Truth'). History and profile During the Soviet era, ''Komsomolskaya ...
'' organised the newspaper in 1993. Its first name was (Daily New Gazette).
Mikhail Gorbachev Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (2 March 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to dissolution of the Soviet Union, the country's dissolution in 1991. He served a ...
used the money from his 1990
Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish language, Swedish and ) is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the Will and testament, will of Sweden, Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobe ...
to help establish the and purchase its first computers.


2000s

On 26 November 2001, published an article by Oleg Lurie stating that the management of the International Industrial Bank, headed by Sergey Pugachyov, had been involved in
money laundering Money laundering is the process of illegally concealing the origin of money obtained from illicit activities (often known as dirty money) such as drug trafficking, sex work, terrorism, corruption, and embezzlement, and converting the funds i ...
through the Bank of New York. Pugachyov's bank brought a libel suit against the newspaper, citing financial losses, as a number of its customers had allegedly changed the terms of their accounts in a way which made the bank lose money because of the publication of the article. On 28 February 2002, the bank won the case in Moscow's Basmanny municipal court, and was awarded 15 million rubles (about $500,000) in lost revenue, an unprecedented sum for Russian newspapers that might undermine the very existence of , especially as on 22 February had been ordered by the same Basmanny court to pay about $1 million for a corruption allegation against the
Krasnodar Krai Krasnodar Krai (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia and is administratively a part of the Southern Federal District. Its administrative center is the t ...
's top judge. In April, the decision in the International Industrial Bank case was reconfirmed by a court. However, in a 27 May 2002 article,
Yulia Latynina Yulia Leonidovna Latynina (; born 16 June 1966) is an independent journalist, writer, TV and radio host from Russia. She grew famous as a columnist for ''Novaya Gazeta'' and was the most popular host at the Echo of Moscow radio station for years. ...
, a journalist, revealed that the bank's three customers who had been named in the lawsuit were its subsidiaries or otherwise controlled by its board of directors, and claimed that had requested that a
criminal fraud In law, fraud is intentional deception to deprive a victim of a legal right or to gain from a victim unlawfully or unfairly. Fraud can violate civil law (e.g., a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud or recover mone ...
investigation be opened into the activities of the bank. As a result, in June 2002 the International Industrial Bank renounced its claim to the compensation. In 2004, the newspaper printed seven articles by columnist Georgy Rozhnov which accused Sergey Kiriyenko of embezzling US$4.8 billion of
International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 191 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of las ...
moneys in 1998 when he was
Prime Minister of Russia The prime minister of the Russian Federation, also domestically stylized as the chairman of the government of the Russian Federation and widely recognized as the prime minister, is the head of government of Russia and the second highest ranking ...
. The newspaper based the accusations on a letter allegedly written to
Colin Powell Colin Luther Powell ( ; – ) was an Americans, American diplomat, and army officer who was the 65th United States secretary of state from 2001 to 2005. He was the first African-American to hold the office. He was the 15th National Security ...
and signed by U.S. Congressmen Philip Crane,
Mike Pence Michael Richard Pence (born June 7, 1959) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 48th vice president of the United States from 2017 to 2021 under President Donald Trump. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Repub ...
, Charlie Norwood, Dan Burton, and Henry Bonilla, and posted on the website of the American Defense Council. The newspaper claimed that Kiriyenko had used some of the embezzled funds to purchase real estate in the United States. It was later revealed that the letter was a prank concocted by ''
The eXile ''The eXile'' was a Moscow-based English-language biweekly free tabloid newspaper, aimed at the city's expatriate community, which combined outrageous, sometimes satirical, content with investigative reporting. In October 2006, co-editor Jake ...
'', a Moscow-based tabloid. In response, Kiriyenko sued and Rozhnov for libel, and in passing judgment in favour of Kiriyenko the court ordered to retract all publications relating to the accusations and went on to say that the newspaper "is obliged to publish only officially proven information linking Mr Kiriyenko with embezzlement." On 13 April 2009, the newspaper was granted the first-ever print interview in a Russian publication with President
Dmitri Medvedev Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (born 14 September 1965) is a Russian politician and lawyer who has served as Deputy Chairman of the Security Council of Russia since 2020. Medvedev was also President of Russia between 2008 and 2012 and Prime Mini ...
, in which he discussed issues such as
civil society Civil society can be understood as the "third sector" of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere.social contract In moral and political philosophy, the social contract is an idea, theory, or model that usually, although not always, concerns the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual. Conceptualized in the Age of Enlightenment, it ...
, transparency of public officials, and Internet development.


2010s; cyber attack and investigative reporting

On 26 January 2010, the paper's website was subjected to a denial-of-service cyber attack, and effectively taken offline. As of 1 February 2010, the site was still inaccessible. At the peak of the attack the server was receiving 1.5 million connections per second. The newspaper maintained its online presence by publishing articles on its page on
LiveJournal LiveJournal (), stylised as LiVEJOURNAL, is a Russian-owned social networking service where users can keep a blog, journal, or diary. American programmer Brad Fitzpatrick started LiveJournal on April 15, 1999, as a way of keeping his high school ...
, a Russian-owned social networking service. On 7 April 2011, the website was targeted again with the same
botnet A botnet is a group of Internet-connected devices, each of which runs one or more Internet bot, bots. Botnets can be used to perform distributed denial-of-service attack, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, steal data, send Spamming, sp ...
that appeared to be used in a large-scale attack on LiveJournal, which hosted many opposition blogs. On 25 July 2014, the paper opened with "Vergeef ons, Nederland" / "Прости, Голландия" ("Forgive us, Netherlands" in both Dutch and Russian), in response to the
Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 (MH17/MAS17) was a scheduled passenger flight from Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Kuala Lumpur that was shot down by Russian-backed forces with a Buk missile system, Bu ...
disaster. In early 2016 the newspaper published an article alleging the existence of a so-called "Blue Whale" game, a social network phenomenon reportedly consisting of a series of initially innocuous tasks assigned to players by administrators, before elements of self-harm are introduced, culminating in a final challenge requiring the player to commit suicide. The publication of the article caused a
moral panic A moral panic is a widespread feeling of fear that some evil person or thing threatens the values, interests, or well-being of a community or society. It is "the process of arousing social concern over an issue", usually perpetuated by moral e ...
to sweep Russia. After published an investigation in October 2018 by journalist Denis Korotkov about Russian mercenary leader and oligarch
Yevgeny Prigozhin Yevgeny Viktorovich Prigozhin (1 June 1961 – 23 August 2023) was a Russian mercenary leader and oligarch. He led the Wagner Group, a private military company, and was a close confidant of Russian president Vladimir Putin until launching a ...
, Korotkov and the editor-in-chief were the target of threatening deliveries of a severed ram's head and funeral flowers to the newspaper's offices. The style of the threat resembled others by
Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin (fortification), Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Mosco ...
-linked Prigozhin. In 2017 published reports about anti-gay purges in Chechnya, where 3 men were allegedly killed, and dozens detained and intimidated. After publication, the Chechen government denied the existence of persecutions in the Republic. The newspaper published a report by Elena Milashina and a list of 27 Chechens killed on 26 January 2017. The newspaper also addressed the report and the list to the Investigative Committee of Russia, and asked the committee to investigate the matter. While published the names of 27 killed Chechens in the list, the newspaper said that the real number might be even more, possibly 56. The newspaper said that the allegedly killed Chechens were detained by the local security service, put in custody inside guarded territory owned by the
Grozny Grozny (, ; ) is the capital city of Chechnya, Russia. The city lies on the Sunzha River. According to the 2021 Russian census, 2021 census, it had a population of 328,533 — up from 210,720 recorded in the 2002 Russian Census, 2002 ce ...
traffic police regiment, and executed on 26 January both by gunfire and by asphyxiation by State Security forces without filing any legal accusations.


2020s; ''Novaya Gazeta Europe''

In October 2021, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov was awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish language, Swedish and ) is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the Will and testament, will of Sweden, Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobe ...
, alongside
Maria Ressa Maria Angelita Ressa (; born Maria Angelita Delfin Aycardo on October 2, 1963) is a Filipino and American journalist. She is the co-founder and CEO of Rappler. She previously spent nearly two decades working as a lead investigative reporter in ...
, for their safeguarding of
freedom of expression Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction. The rights, right to freedom of expression has been r ...
in their homelands. Following the start of the
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...
, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov stated that the newspaper would publish an edition in both Russian and Ukrainian in solidarity. On 4 March 2022, after receiving an official warning from Roskomnadzor, the Russian federal agency responsible for censoring Russian mass media, the newspaper said it would remove materials and cut reporting on the war. It published materials from occupied Kherson and other Ukrainian cities. On 28 March, after it received another warning from Roskomnadzor, the newspaper announced that it would suspend its online and print activities until the end of the "special military operation". On 7 April 2022, as a result of the crackdown, journalists from announced the launch of '' Europe'', with its editor-in-chief, Kirill Martynov, stating that '' Europe'' would be independent from "both legally and in practice", with its newsroom consisting of staffers who had left Russia. The new outlet would publish articles in other languages aside from Russian, and Martynov stated that the journalists hoped to eventually resume their work in Moscow. On 29 April 2022, '' Europe'' announced that its website had been blocked in Russia. On 15 July, staff launched the magazine ''Novaya Rasskaz-Gazeta'', with its first issue containing analysis of Putin's ideology; however by 24 July, the website was blocked in Russia. On 6 May 2022, the first print issue of . Europe appeared on newsstands in Riga, Latvia, and online at novayagazeta.eu. The print version is published b
Rīgas Viļņi
in Riga, Latvia. On 28 July 2022, Roskomnadzor demanded that media license be cancelled, claiming that "the editorial office was not providing its editorial statute within the timeframe established by the law on media". On 5 September, the Basmanny District Court in Moscow cancelled the newspaper's license in Russia, which Muratov called "political". That same month the Russian Supreme Court revoked online license, making it no longer available on the internet in Russia. On 28 June 2023, the Prosecutor-General of Russia designated ''Novaya-Gazeta Europe'' as an undesirable organisation. As of 2023, the newspaper had a daily print circulation of 108,000, and online visits of 613,000. Muratov's ''Novaya Gazeta'' first opened an office in Latvia, next in Germany, and, in 2024, in Paris. In 2024, the documentary, ''Of Caravan and the Dogs,'' was released. The film uses videos from several months before the Russian invasion of Ukraine until ''Novaya Gazeta'', Radio Echo of Moscow, and Rain TV closed down and its staff fled to other countries for their safety.


Key people

In a video posted by on YouTube in January 2017, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov revealed that the newspaper's employees jointly owned 76% of its shares, while the remaining 24% were owned by Alexander Lebedev (14%) and
Mikhail Gorbachev Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (2 March 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to dissolution of the Soviet Union, the country's dissolution in 1991. He served a ...
(10%). Since 2009, the newspaper's editor-in-chief has been elected every second year by the editorial staff in a secret ballot. A few days before the November 2017 election, Muratov announced that he would not stand, as he felt that there was need for a change after his 22 years in the position, but that he would continue to work for the newspaper. He was replaced by Sergey Kozheurov, the general director of the newspaper and its first editor-in-chief. However, Muratov was re-elected again in November 2019.


Deaths and attacks on journalists

Igor Domnikov was well known in for his witty essays and acerbic tone. He was attacked near the doorway of his Moscow apartment, on 12 May 2000. Hit with a hard object, presumably a hammer, by an unknown assailant, he was lying unconscious in a pool of his own blood when he was found by a neighbor. Domnikov was delivered to a hospital with skull and brain injuries, and underwent surgery, but remained in a coma. He died from his injuries on 16 July 2000. Five gang members were arrested in August 2007 on suspicion of murder, and were sentenced to prison terms ranging from 18 years to life for his murder as well as other crimes. On 11 March 2015, former Deputy Governor of
Lipetsk Oblast Lipetsk Oblast () is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Lipetsk. As of the Russian Census (2021), 2021 Census, its population was&n ...
Sergei Dorovskoi was charged by the Investigative Committee of Russia with inciting the murder, but Dorovskoi was never punished because of the
statute of limitations A statute of limitations, known in civil law systems as a prescriptive period, is a law passed by a legislative body to set the maximum time after an event within which legal proceedings may be initiated. ("Time for commencing proceedings") In ...
. Investigations have found that Domnikov had written a series of reports about life in the Lipetsk region in 1999–2000, in which he criticized the local government for corruption, which was the motive for Dorovskoi to incite others to kill the journalist. Viktor Popkov, a contributor for the newspaper, was shot to death in
Chechnya Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, between the Caspian Sea and Black Sea. The republic forms a part of the North Caucasian Federa ...
in 2001. Yury Shchekochikhin, a journalist and a deputy in the
State Duma The State Duma is the lower house of the Federal Assembly (Russia), Federal Assembly of Russia, with the upper house being the Federation Council (Russia), Federation Council. It was established by the Constitution of Russia, Constitution of t ...
, had also worked for the newspaper as an investigative journalist and had been a deputy Editor-in-Chief until he died from a mysterious and severe allergy on 3 July 2003. Some of his contributions published in were related to the investigation of the Three Whales Corruption Scandal. Journalist Anna Politkovskaya, who was highly critical of Putin and of Russia's actions in
Chechnya Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, between the Caspian Sea and Black Sea. The republic forms a part of the North Caucasian Federa ...
, wrote for until her assassination when she was shot dead in her Moscow apartment on 7 October 2006, Putin's birthday. Politkovskaya wrote in an essay that the editors received: "Visitors every day in our editorial office who have nowhere else to bring their troubles, because the
Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin (fortification), Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Mosco ...
finds their stories off-message, so that the only place they can be aired is in our newspaper, ." Vyacheslav Izmailov, a retired army major who was a military correspondent, was part of the team investigating her death, and in 2007 claimed to know who had ordered her death. Fifteen years after her murder, released a short film investigating her death, and documenting failures at every level of the subsequent investigation. In November 2023, President Vladimir Putin pardoned a former law enforcement involved in the murder, for serving in a Russian penal military unit. Journalist and human rights lawyer Stanislav Markelov was shot and killed in Moscow on 19 January 2009 while leaving a press conference about his last minute appeal against the early release of Yuri Budanov, a former Russian military officer convicted for kidnapping and aggravated murder of a young Chechen woman. Anastasia Baburova, a freelance journalist for and a member of Autonomous Action, was with Markelov at the time and was shot in the head and also killed. Natalya Estemirova, a human rights researcher and lawyer who lived in the Chechen Republic, had sometimes met journalist Anna Politkovskaya and lawyer Stanislav Markelov, because they all were investigating crimes in Chechnya and defending victims rights. She also wrote reports in . Estemirova was kidnapped from a sidewalk on 22 July 2009 in the Chechnyan capital Grozny, and two hours later was killed and her bullet-riddled body was found in the neighboring Ingushetia Republic. In 2018 three journalists of , Kirill Radchenko, Alexander Rastorguyev, and Orkhan Dzhemal, were killed in an ambush outside the town of
Sibut Sibut (), formerly Fort Sibut () is the capital of Kémo, one of the 16 prefectures of the Central African Republic. An important transport hub, it is situated north of the capital Bangui and is known for its market. Sibut is located at t ...
in the
Central African Republic The Central African Republic (CAR) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to Central African Republic–Chad border, the north, Sudan to Central African Republic–Sudan border, the northeast, South Sudan to Central ...
. They were engaged in investigations of the Russian mercenary engagement in the Central African Republic through the
Wagner Group The Wagner Group (), officially known as PMC Wagner (, ), is a Russian state-funded private military company (PMC) controlled 2023 Wagner Group plane crash, until 2023 by Yevgeny Prigozhin, a former close ally of Russia's president Vladimir Pu ...
. On 7 April 2022, Muratov was attacked by an unknown person and covered with red paint while on a train from Moscow to
Samara Samara, formerly known as Kuybyshev (1935–1991), is the largest city and administrative centre of Samara Oblast in Russia. The city is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Samara (Volga), Samara rivers, with a population of over 1.14 ...
, supposedly with the attack reflecting the attacker's support of Russian troops. Muratov said the attacker had shouted "Muratov, here’s one for our boys". He said his eyes were "burning terribly" after the attack, and posted a selfie showing the effects of the attack. The substance was red paint containing
acetone Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the chemical formula, formula . It is the simplest and smallest ketone (). It is a colorless, highly Volatile organic compound, volatile, and flammable liquid with a charact ...
. A declassified United States intelligence report concluded the attackers were part of an unnamed Russian intelligence unit.


Inserts

''Svobodnoe Prostranstvo'' ("Free Space", ), which had been a colour supplement to , is included in the Friday issue. has also published ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of ...
International Weekly'' on Fridays since 2009. This eight-page supplement features a selection of articles from ''The New York Times'' translated into Russian. regularly contains free inserts of its side-projects or other newly launched newspapers. The ''United Civil Front'' (by the corresponding organisation) and Yabloko's newspaper were published in the form of inserts in the past. Current inserts include the ''Shofyor'' ("Driver" or "chauffeur", ) side project and the
popular science Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging. It may be written ...
''Kentavr'' ("Centaur", ).


Awards

* Bucerius Free Press of Eastern Europe Award (2002). * The Golden Pen of St. Petersburg-2003 (Nikolay Donskov; 2004). * The Writers in Translation ( Anna Politkovskaya; 2004). * Club-25 Prize (Anna Politkovskaya; 2007). * The Writers in Translation ( Arkady Babchenko; 2007). * The Henri Nannen Prize in 2007. * Free Media Pioneer Award (2009). * International Press Freedom Award from Canadian Journalists for Free Expression (2009). *
Transparency International Transparency International e.V. (TI) is a German registered association founded in 1993 by former employees of the World Bank. Based in Berlin, its nonprofit and non-governmental purpose is to take action to combat global corruption with civil s ...
Integrity Award (Roman Shleynov; 2009). * Gerd Bucerius Prize for Free Press in Eastern Europe (Roman Shleynov; 2009)''.'' * Artyom Borovik Prize (Arkady Babchenko, Sergey Kanev; 2009). * The Four Freedoms Award for Freedom of Speech in 2010. * Lev Kopelev Prize (2010). * Golden Gong-2010. * Charlemagne Award for the European Media (2012). * On 27 October 2014 in
Copenhagen Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...
newspaper's press-secretary Nadezhda Prusenkova and co-editor-in-chief Vitali Yaroshevsky were presented with the Freedom Award of
Politiken ''Politiken'' is a leading Danish daily broadsheet newspaper, published by JP/Politikens Hus in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was founded in 1884 and played a role in the formation of the Danish Social Liberal Party. Since 1970 it has been indepe ...
for the independent and critical reporting of that has cost the lives of six of its journalists. * Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award (2017). * Awards of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of mass media (Galina Mursalieva, Olga Bobrova; 2018). * Golden pen of Russia (Galina Mursalieva, 2020). *
Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish language, Swedish and ) is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the Will and testament, will of Sweden, Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobe ...
(Dmitry Muratov, 2021)


See also

*
List of newspapers in Russia National newspapers 1 to 4 issues a week * ''Argumenty i Fakty'' (Аргументы и Факты), weekly * ''Argumenty Nedeli'' (Аргументы недели), weekly * ''Krasnaya Zvezda'' (Красная Звезда), 3 issues a w ...
*
Meduza ''Meduza'' (Russian: Медуза, named after the Greek goddess Medusa) is a Russian- and English-language independent news website, headquartered in Riga, Latvia. It was founded in 2014 by a group of former employees of the then-independent ...


References


External links

* *
''Russia, Explained'' newsletter
archive * {{Portal bar, Current events, Freedom of speech, Journalism, Politics, Russia 1993 establishments in Russia Free Media Awards winners Journalism as a Profession Awards winners Liberal media Liberalism in Russia Mass media in Moscow Newspapers established in 1993 Russian news websites Russian-language newspapers published in Russia