Šmarjetna Gora (; in older sources also ''Šent Marjetina Gora'',
[''Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru,'' vol. 6: ''Kranjsko''. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 56.] german: Sankt Margarethen
) is a former settlement in the
Municipality of Kranj in the
Upper Carniola
Upper Carniola ( sl, Gorenjska; it, Alta Carniola; german: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The centre of the region is Kranj, while other urban centers include Jeseni ...
region of
Slovenia
Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, an ...
. Šmarjetna Gora was a dispersed settlement on the southern and eastern slopes of Mount Saint Margaret ( sl, Šmarjetna gora) west of the Sava River. It is now part of the city of Kranj.
Name
The settlement of Šmarjetna Gora and the hill were both named after the church at the top of the hill, which is dedicated to Saint Margaret ( sl, sveta Marjeta). The name ''Šmarjetna Gora'' literally means 'Saint Margaret's mountain'. The adjective form ''Šmarjetna'' developed through contraction of the informal name of the saint: ''*'' > ''*'' > ''*'' > '. In the past the German name was ''Sankt Margarethen''.
History
The hamlet of Gradišče on the southwest slope of the hill has the remnants of prehistoric structures, attesting to early settlement of Šmarjetna Gora. During the Middle Ages, Šmarjetna Gora was a property of the
Bishopric of Freising
The Prince-Bishopric of Freising (German: ''Hochstift Freising'') was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1294 until its secularisation in the early years of the 19th century.
The Prince-Bishopric of Freising shoul ...
, which planted vineyards here. The vineyards were maintained until the 16th century, when they were converted into fields. In the 12th century, the Counts of Ortenburg built Wartenburg Castle on a cliff below the hill. This represented a threat to the Dominion of Škofja Loka, and so Bishop Oton purchased it in 1282 and had it razed. The Ortenburgs later restored the castle and carried out raids against
Okroglo and
Stražišče, which belonged to the Bishopric of Freising. Wartenburg Castle is now a ruin. Near the castle there was an auxiliary building resembling a manor; it had a turret and bore the year 1653, but was destroyed in the
1895 earthquake. Saint Peter’s Manor ( sl, Šentpeterski grad)—also known as
Schrottenturn Manor ( sl, Šrotenturn, german: Schrottenthurn) and Detela Manor ( sl, Detelova graščina)—was built at the foot of the hill in 1537 by the bishops of Freising, and the door casing bears the year 1574. The adjacent Saint Peter’s Chapel was built around 1500. During the
Reformation
The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...
, Lutherans gathered at the manor, and it contains the graves of the Protestant Siegersdorf family. After the
Counter-Reformation
The Counter-Reformation (), also called the Catholic Reformation () or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) a ...
, the chapel was remodeled and re-consecrated in 1645. It has a flat
coffer
A coffer (or coffering) in architecture is a series of sunken panels in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon in a ceiling, soffit or vault.
A series of these sunken panels was often used as decoration for a ceiling or a vault, also c ...
ed ceiling and murals in the apse, a 1615 painting of the
Holy Sepulchre
The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, hy, Սուրբ Հարության տաճար, la, Ecclesia Sancti Sepulchri, am, የቅዱስ መቃብር ቤተክርስቲያን, he, כנסיית הקבר, ar, كنيسة القيامة is a church i ...
by Matija Plainer, and a panel on the north wall describing the famine of 1817.
Šmarjetna Gora was annexed by the city of Kranj in 1957, ending its existence as a separate settlement.
[''Spremembe naselij 1948–95''. 1996. Database. Ljubljana: Geografski inštitut ZRC SAZU, DZS.]
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Šmarjetna Gora include:
*
Ivan Bernik (1871–1897), philosophical writer
References
External links
Šmarjetna Gora on Geopedia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Smarjetna Gora
Populated places in the City Municipality of Kranj