É, é ( e-

acute Acute may refer to: Science and technology * Acute angle ** Acute triangle ** Acute, a leaf shape in the glossary of leaf morphology * Acute (medicine), a disease that it is of short duration and of recent onset. ** Acute toxicity, the adverse eff ...

) is a letter of the

Latin alphabet The Latin alphabet or Roman alphabet is the collection of letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. Largely unaltered with the exception of extensions (such as diacritics), it used to write English and the o ...

. In English, it is used for loanwords (such as French ''

résumé A résumé, sometimes spelled resume (or alternatively resumé), also called a curriculum vitae (CV), is a document created and used by a person to present their background, skills, and accomplishments. Résumés can be used for a variety of re ...

''),

romanization Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and ...

(Japanese ''

Pokémon (an abbreviation for in Japan) is a Japanese media franchise managed by The Pokémon Company, founded by Nintendo, Game Freak, and Creatures (company), Creatures, the owners of the trademark and copyright of the franchise. In terms of ...

'') or occasionally as a pronunciation aid in poetry. Languages may use ''é'' to indicate a certain sound ( French), stress pattern (

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...

), length (

Czech Czech may refer to: * Anything from or related to the Czech Republic, a country in Europe ** Czech language ** Czechs, the people of the area ** Czech culture ** Czech cuisine * One of three mythical brothers, Lech, Czech, and Rus' Places *Czech, ...

) or tone (

Vietnamese Vietnamese may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia ** A citizen of Vietnam. See Demographics of Vietnam. * Vietnamese people, or Kinh people, a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Vietnam ** Overse ...

), as well as to write loanwords or distinguish identical-sounding words (

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

). Certain romanization systems such as

pinyin Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese for ...

(Standard Chinese) also use ''é'' for tone. Some languages use the letter only in specific contexts, such as in

Indonesian Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to: * Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia ** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of local inhabitants of the archipelago ** Indonesian ...

dictionaries.

Languages

Afrikaans

In Afrikaans, é is used to differentiate meaning and word types. For example: in a sentence that repeats a word (that contains the vowel e) with different meaning or specificity, the e in one of the occurrences could be replaced with é to indicate the different meaning or specificity. Furthermore, é is respected when writing foreign words, mainly from French; and it is used to add visual stress on words in the same way English might use italics.

Catalan

Czech and Slovak

É is the 9th letter of the

Czech alphabet Czech orthography is a system of rules for proper formal writing (orthography) in Czech. The earliest form of separate Latin script specifically designed to suit Czech was devised by Czech theologian and church reformist Jan Hus, the namesake of ...

and the 12th letter of the

Slovak alphabet The first Slovak orthography was proposed by Anton Bernolák (1762–1813) in his ''Dissertatio philologico-critica de litteris Slavorum'', used in the six-volume ''Slovak-Czech-Latin-German-Hungarian Dictionary'' (1825–1927) and used primarily ...

and represents .

Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish

In Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish, the letter "é" is used to indicate that a terminal syllable with the vowel ''e'' is stressed, and it is often used only when it changes the meaning. See

Acute accent The acute accent (), , is a diacritic used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin, Cyrillic, and Greek scripts. For the most commonly encountered uses of the accent in the Latin and Greek alphabets, precomposed ch ...

for a more detailed description. In addition, Danish uses é in some loanwords to represent /i/.

Dutch

Like in English, é is respected when writing foreign words, mainly from French. It is also used to differentiate the article "een," equivalent to either "a" or "an" in English, and "één", the number one. It is also used to add visual stress on words in the same way English might use italics. In Dutch, some people use "hé" as a greeting, like "hey" or "hi".

Emilian-Romagnol

In Emilian, é is used to represent e.g. ''récc'' ekː"rich". In Romagnol the same letter is used to represent ː e.g. ''lédar'' �leːdar"thieves".

English

In English, the e-acute has some uses, mostly in words of French origin, such as

née A birth name is the name of a person given upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth re ...

fiancée An engagement or betrothal is the period of time between the declaration of acceptance of a marriage proposal and the marriage itself (which is typically but not always commenced with a wedding). During this period, a couple is said to be ''fi ...

, sauté and

coupé A coupe or coupé (, ) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and two doors. The term ''coupé'' was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past parti ...

and names such as

Beyoncé Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter ( ; born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. Beyoncé's boundary-pushing artistry and vocals have made her the most influential female musician of the 21st century, according to ...

, Breneé, JonBenét, and Théo.

, the media franchise owned by Japanese corporation

Nintendo is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational video game company headquartered in Kyoto, Japan. It develops video games and video game consoles. Nintendo was founded in 1889 as by craftsman Fusajiro Yamauchi and originally produce ...

, uses � to signify the proper pronunciation of the katakana ケ.

French

The letter ''é'' (pronounced ) contrasts with è (which is pronounced ) and is widely used in French.

Galician

Hungarian

É is the 10th letter of the

Hungarian alphabet The Hungarian alphabet () is an extension of the Latin alphabet used for writing the Hungarian language. The alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, with several added variations of letters. The alphabet consists of the 26 letters of the ISO b ...

and represents .

Icelandic

É is the 7th letter of the

Icelandic alphabet Icelandic refers to anything of, from, or related to Iceland and may refer to: *Icelandic people Icelanders ( is, Íslendingar) are a North Germanic ethnic group and nation who are native to the island country of Iceland and speak Icelandic. ...

and represents .

Indonesian

Used in

dictionaries to denote , in contrast with ''E, e'' .

Irish

In Irish the acute accent (''fada'') marks a long vowel and so ''é'' is pronounced .

Italian

''É'' is a variant of ''E'' carrying an acute accent; it represents an carrying the tonic accent. It is used only if it is the last letter of the word except in dictionaries or when a different pronunciation may affect the meaning of a word: ''perché'' ("why"/"because", ) and ''pésca'' ("fishing", ), to be compared with ''caffè'' ("coffee", ) and ''pèsca'' ("peach", ), which have a grave accent.

Kashubian

É is the 8th letter of the

Kashubian alphabet The Kashubian or Cassubian alphabet (''kaszëbsczi alfabét'', ''kaszëbsczé abecadło'') is the script of the Kashubian language, based on the Latin alphabet. The Kashubian alphabet consists of 34 letters: A, Ą, Ã, B, C, D, E, É, ...

and represents . It also represents in some dialects and represents in area between Puck and Kartuzy.

Luxembourgish

Navajo

Occitan

Polish

In Polish, ''é'' was historically used for a vowel called ''e pochylone'' or ''e ścieśnione'', sounded as �or depending on the dialect. Since 1891, ''é'' is no longer used in standard Polish and is replaced by the simple ''e''. It is, however, retained in editions of poetry where the rhyme suggests pronouncing it as ''i'' or ''y''.

Portuguese

In Portuguese, é is used to mark a stressed in words whose stressed syllable is in unpredictable within the word, as in (very bad). If the location of the stressed syllable is predictable, the acute accent is not used. É contrasts with ê . ("is") is also the third-person singular present indicative of ("to be").

Russian

In Russian, ''é'' is used in the BS 2979:1958 system of

Russian transliteration The romanization of the Russian language (the transliteration of Russian text from the Cyrillic script into the Latin script), aside from its primary use for including Russian names and words in text written in a Latin alphabet, is also essentia ...

as the letter Э.

Scottish Gaelic

É was once used in

Scottish Gaelic Scottish Gaelic ( gd, Gàidhlig ), also known as Scots Gaelic and Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (in the Celtic branch of the Indo-European language family) native to the Gaels of Scotland. As a Goidelic language, Scottish Gaelic, as well as ...

, but has now been largely superseded by "è". It can still be seen, but it is no longer used in the standard orthography.

Spanish

In Spanish, é is an accented letter and is pronounced just like "e" /e/. The accent indicates the stressed syllable in words with irregular stress, as in "éxtasis" or "bebé". See

Diacritic A diacritic (also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or accent) is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph. The term derives from the Ancient Greek (, "distinguishing"), from (, "to distinguish"). The word ''diacriti ...

and

for more details.

Standard Chinese/Mandarin (pinyin)

''É'' or ''é'' is used for with a

rising tone A tone contour, or contour tone, is a tone in a tonal language which shifts from one pitch to another over the course of the syllable or word. Tone contours are especially common in East, Southeast Asia, West Africa, Nilo-Saharan languages, Khoi ...

( �̌ in

Pinyin Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese for ...

, a romanization system for

Standard Chinese Standard Chinese ()—in linguistics Standard Northern Mandarin or Standard Beijing Mandarin, in common speech simply Mandarin, better qualified as Standard Mandarin, Modern Standard Mandarin or Standard Mandarin Chinese—is a modern Standar ...

Sundanese

⟨É⟩ is used in

Sundanese Sundanese may refer to: * Sundanese people * Sundanese language * Sundanese script Standard Sundanese script (''Aksara Sunda Baku'', ) is a writing system which is used by the Sundanese people. It is built based on Old Sundanese script (' ...

for the

close-mid front unrounded vowel The close-mid front unrounded vowel, or high-mid front unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . For the close-mid front unrounde ...

/e/ since 1975 with the publishing of ''Kamus Umum Basa Sunda'' (General Sundanese Dictionary), replacing the regular ⟨e⟩ used before to represent the vowel. ⟨E⟩ is now used for the

mid central vowel The mid central vowel (also known as schwa) is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , a ə, rotated lowercase letter e. While the ''Handbook of th ...

/ə/, previously written as ⟨ê⟩.

Tuareg Berber

In Tuareg Berber, spoken in southern

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

, southwestern

Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya bo ...

, northern

Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali ...

and northern

Niger ) , official_languages = , languages_type = National languages

Welsh

In Welsh, word stress usually falls on the penultimate syllable, but one way of indicating stress on a final (short) vowel is through the use of the acute accent, often found on ''e'' in borrowed words: ''personél'' "personnel", ''sigarét'' "cigarette", ''ymbarél'' "umbrella".

Yoruba

e with a Mí High with a rising tone, depicted by an acute accent The pronunciation of words in Yorùbá language is tonal; where a different pitch conveys a different word meaning or grammatical distinction. This means that pronouncing words in Yorùbá is based on what is called Àmì ohùn – Tone Marks. These marks are applied to the top of the vowel within each syllable of a word or phrase. There are three types of tone marks namely: Dò Low with a falling tone, depicted by a grave accent Re Mid with a flat tone, depicted by an absence of any accent Mí High with a rising tone, depicted by an acute accent Understanding the use of tone marks is key to properly reading, writing and speaking the Yorùbá language. This is because some words have similar spellings but at the addition of tone marks, these words could have very different meanings.

Character mappings

Key strokes

Microsoft Windows Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. For example, Windows NT for consumers, Windows Server for serv ...

users can type an "é" by pressing or on the numeric pad of the keyboard. "É" can be typed by pressing or . * On

US International QWERTY () is a keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets. The name comes from the order of the first six keys on the top left letter row of the keyboard ( ). The QWERTY design is based on a layout created for the Sholes and Glidden type ...

and

UK English British English (BrE, en-GB, or BE) is, according to Oxford Dictionaries, "English as used in Great Britain, as distinct from that used elsewhere". More narrowly, it can refer specifically to the English language in England, or, more broadly, ...

keyboard layouts, users can type the acute accent letter "é" by typing . ** This method can also be applied to many other acute accented letters which do not appear on the standard US English keyboard layout. * In

Microsoft Word Microsoft Word is a word processing software developed by Microsoft. It was first released on October 25, 1983, under the name ''Multi-Tool Word'' for Xenix systems. Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms includin ...

, users can press , then or for "é" or "É". * On

macOS macOS (; previously OS X and originally Mac OS X) is a Unix operating system developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001. It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac computers. Within the market of desktop and lapt ...

, users can press , then or for "é" or "É". * On

with French keyboard, users can use then the key which is readily available on such keyboards, * Using a

compose key A compose key (sometimes called multi key) is a key on a computer keyboard that indicates that the following (usually 2 or more) keystrokes trigger the insertion of an alternate character, typically a precomposed character or a symbol. For insta ...

, users can hold and press for "é" or for "É". * On a standard Android,

Windows Mobile Windows Mobile is a discontinued family of mobile operating systems developed by Microsoft for smartphones and personal digital assistants. Its origin dated back to Windows CE in 1996, though Windows Mobile itself first appeared in 2000 as Pock ...

, or

iOS iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. It is the operating system that powers many of the company's mobile devices, including the iPhone; the term also includes ...

keyboard, users can hold the key until special characters appear, slide to the é, and then release. * On

Unicode Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard,The formal version reference is is an information technology Technical standard, standard for the consistent character encoding, encoding, representation, and handling of Character (computing), text expre ...

capable software, such as

Firefox Mozilla Firefox, or simply Firefox, is a free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation. It uses the Gecko rendering engine to display web pages, which implements current and ...

Visual Studio Code Visual Studio Code, also commonly referred to as VS Code, is a source-code editor made by Microsoft with the Electron Framework, for Windows, Linux and macOS. Features include support for debugging, syntax highlighting, intelligent code complet ...

, users can type a glyph using its

code point In character encoding terminology, a code point, codepoint or code position is a numerical value that maps to a specific character. Code points usually represent a single grapheme—usually a letter, digit, punctuation mark, or whitespace—but ...

. For example for "É" (U+00C9).

References

External links

Omniglot - writing systems & languages of the world

{{DEFAULTSORT:E, acute Latin letters with diacritics Polish letters with diacritics

Languages

Afrikaans

Catalan

Czech and Slovak

Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish

Dutch

Emilian-Romagnol

English

French

Galician

Hungarian

Icelandic

Indonesian

Irish

Italian

Kashubian

Luxembourgish

Navajo

Occitan

Polish

Portuguese

Russian

Scottish Gaelic

Spanish

Standard Chinese/Mandarin (pinyin)

Sundanese

Tuareg Berber

Yoruba

Character mappings

Key strokes

See also

References

External links