Various tetradecadienyl acetate compounds serve as insect mating pheromones especially among the

Pyralidae The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyr ...

. These include: * '' Prionoxystus robiniaea'' mating attractant . * '' Accosus centerensis'' mating attractant * '' Borkhausenia schefferella'' mating attractant * '' Conistra vaccinii'' mating attractant * (abbr. Z9,E11-14:Ac) ''

Spodoptera littoralis ''Spodoptera littoralis'', also referred to as the African cotton leafworm or Egyptian cotton leafworm or Mediterranean brocade, is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae. ''S. littoralis'' is found widely in Africa, Mediterranean Europe and M ...

'' and '' S. litura'' mating attractant and mating inhibitor. Female pheromone, lures males. Used by McVeigh and Bettany 1986 and Downham ''et al.'', 1995 over the course of three years in a 99:1 with . Although they achieved good mating disruption this did not result in lower egg mass or population. The results of Campion ''et al.'', 1980 suggest that may be due to the need for other, minor female

volatiles Volatility or volatile may refer to: Chemistry * Volatility (chemistry), a measuring tendency of a substance or liquid to vaporize easily ** Volatile organic compounds, organic or carbon compounds that can evaporate at normal temperature and pre ...

. Martinez ''et al.'', 1993 study control of its synthesis in ''S. littoralis'' by

hormone A hormone (from the Ancient Greek, Greek participle , "setting in motion") is a class of cell signaling, signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physio ...

s, finding that the reduction step may be controlled by

pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide The pheromone biosynthesis activation neuropeptide (PBAN) is a neurohormone (member of the PBAN/pyrokinin neuropeptide family) that activates the biosynthesis of pheromones in moths. Female moths release PBAN into their hemolymph during the scotop ...

. * ''

Plodia interpunctella The Indianmeal moth (''Plodia interpunctella''), also spelled Indian meal moth and Indian-meal moth, is a Pyraloidea, pyraloid moth of the family (biology), family Pyralidae. Alternative common names are hanger-downers, weevil moth, pantry mot ...

'' mating inhibitor * (abbr. Z9,E12-14:Ac) In 2006 the

United States Environmental Protection Agency The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an independent agency of the United States government tasked with environmental protection matters. President Richard Nixon proposed the establishment of EPA on July 9, 1970; it began operation on De ...

granted 71 FR 45395. 40 CFR 180. EPA-HQ-OPP-2006-0529FRL-8083-8. Doc. No. E6-12971. an exemption to permit use without regard to the residue on resulting food. This is thought to be the first registration for indoor use in the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

of any

sex pheromone Sex pheromones are pheromones released by an organism to attract an individual of the same species, encourage them to mate with them, or perform some other function closely related with sexual reproduction. Sex pheromones specifically focus on ind ...

to disrupt mating. Produced by species: ** '' Adoxophyes fasciata'' synergistic

attractant An attractant is any chemical that attracts an organism, e.g. i) synthetic lures; ii) aggregation and sex pheromones (intraspecific interactions); and iii) synomone (interspecific interactions) Synomone An interspecific semiochemical that is ...

** '' Anagasta kuehniella'' mating attractant produced by both male and female ** '' Cadra cautella'' female-produced mating attractant and mating inhibitor (found by Kuwahara ''et al.'', 1971) ** '' C. figulilella'' female-produced mating attractant ** '' Elasmopalpus lignosellus'' mating disruptor ** ''

Ephestia elutella ''Ephestia elutella'', the cacao moth, tobacco moth or warehouse moth, is a small moth of the family Pyralidae. It is probably native to Europe, but has been transported widely, even to Australia. A subspecies is ''E. e. pterogrisella''. The win ...

'' mating attractant ** ''

'' (also by Kuwahara 1971)

References

Insect pheromones Insecticides Insect ecology Biological control agents of pest insects Insect reproduction {{biology-stub