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Šurhaci
Šurhaci (; ; 1564 – 25 September 1611), was a Jurchen leader, a member of the Aisin Gioro clan, he was a younger brother of Nurhaci, the founder of the Later Jin dynasty, the predecessor of the Qing dynasty. Under the Ming dynasty government, he held the title of local chieftain (都指揮) in the Jianzhou district, and maintained relations with the Ming authorities up to the beginning of 1607. In that year, he joined Nurhaci in the campaign against Bujantai and the Ula tribe, receiving the title of ''darhan baturu''. However, as a result of disagreements with his brother over the conquest of the Hoifa and the killing of Hoifa's beile Baindari in 1607, he was put to death four years later at Nurhaci's order and buried in Dongjingling Township, Liaoyang. In 1653, he was posthumously given the rank of ''qinwang'' (first-rank prince) under the posthumous title Prince Zhuang of the First Rank. Physical appearance According to the account of Korean ambassadors, Šurhaci was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clan Nara
Nara (Manchu: , Wade-Giles: nara hala, Chinese: , or ) is a clan name shared by a number of royal Manchu clans. The four tribes of the Hūlun confederation () – Hada (), Ula (), Hoifa () and Yehe () – were all ruled by clans bearing this name. The head of each clan held the princely title of "beile" (; Manchu: "chief, lord, or Prince of the Third Rank"). During the Jin Dynasty, Nara was listed as one of the noble "white clans" (). ''Nara'' is the Mongolic word for 'sun'. In Mongolia, the sun is associated to Genghis Khan as the nara tamga is the main tamga attributed to him. History The Naras lived in the Haixi area, which encompasses parts of modern-day Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia. The Hada Naras and Ula Naras are native to Manchuria and shared an ancestor. The Yehe Naras were founded by a Tümed Mongol prince Singgen Darhan who conquered the local Nara tribe and assumed their name, establishing his rule over the banks of the Yehe river. The H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ula (tribe)
Nara (Manchu: , Wade-Giles: nara hala, Chinese: , or ) is a clan name shared by a number of royal Manchu clans. The four tribes of the Hūlun confederation () – Hada (), Ula (), Hoifa () and Yehe () – were all ruled by clans bearing this name. The head of each clan held the princely title of "beile" (; Manchu: "chief, lord, or Prince of the Third Rank"). During the Jin Dynasty, Nara was listed as one of the noble "white clans" (). ''Nara'' is the Mongolic word for 'sun'. In Mongolia, the sun is associated to Genghis Khan as the nara tamga is the main tamga attributed to him. History The Naras lived in the Haixi area, which encompasses parts of modern-day Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia. The Hada Naras and Ula Naras are native to Manchuria and shared an ancestor. The Yehe Naras were founded by a Tümed Mongol prince Singgen Darhan who conquered the local Nara tribe and assumed their name, establishing his rule over the banks of the Yehe river. The H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bujantai
Bujantai (Manchu: ; ) (died 1618) was a Jurchen ''beile'' (chieftain) of the Ula tribal confederation. Bujantai was descended from Nacibulu (納奇卜祿), the ancestor of the Nara lineages of Ula and Hada. Tradition spoke of Nacibulu as having attracted the attention of some Mongols who desired to make him subservient to them. When the Mongols attempted to capture him, however, he successfully subdued them, and when they shouted to inquire his name he responded with a defiant challenge, "Nara". In this manner the important Nara clan is supposed to have received its name. Nacibulu settled near modern Jilin on the Sungari river, which was often called simply the Ula, or "the river". There he became a successful hunter and trapper who attracted many followers. Several generations later, two brothers among his descendants, Kesina (克什納) and Gudui Juyan (古對珠延), became the ancestors of the Hada and Ula branches of the Nara clan. Buyan (布延), grandson of Gudui juyan, f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jirgalang
Jirgalang or Jirhalang (Manchu: 19 November 1599 – June 11, 1655) was a Manchu noble, regent, and political and military leader of the early Qing dynasty. Born in the Aisin Gioro clan, he was the sixth son of Šurhaci, a younger brother of Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing dynasty. From 1638 to 1643, he took part in many military campaigns that helped destroy the Ming dynasty. After the death of Huangtaiji (Nurhaci's successor) in September 1643, Jirgalang became one of the young Shunzhi Emperor's two co-regents, but he soon yielded most political power to co-regent Dorgon in October 1644. Dorgon eventually purged him of his regent title in 1647. After Dorgon died in 1650, Jirgalang led an effort to clean the government of Dorgon's supporters. Jirgalang was one of ten " princes of the first rank" (和碩親王) whose descendants were made "iron-cap" princes (鐵帽子王), who had the right to transmit their princely titles to their direct male descendants perpetually. Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Zheng
Prince Zheng of the First Rank (Manchu: ; ''hošoi ujen cin wang''), or simply Prince Zheng, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). It was also one of the 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded. The first bearer of the title was Jirgalang (1599–1655), the sixth son of Šurhaci. He was awarded the title in 1636 by his cousin, Hong Taiji, Huangtaiji, the son and successor of Nurhaci (the founder of the Qing dynasty). When the title was passed down to Jirgalang's son, Jidu (1633–1660), it was renamed to Prince Jian of the First Rank (or simply Prince Jian) and given "iron-cap" status. The title was restored to its original name, "Prince Zheng of the First Rank", during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796). The title was passed down over ten generations, and held by eight princes as Prince Zheng and nine princes as Prince ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nurhaci
Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing (), was a Jurchen chieftain who rose to prominence in the late 16th century in Manchuria. A member of the House of Aisin-Gioro, he reigned as the founding khan of the Later Jin dynasty of China from 1616 to 1626. Nurhaci reorganized and united various Jurchen tribes (the later "Manchu"), consolidated the Eight Banners military system, and eventually launched attacks on both the Ming and Joseon dynasties. His conquest of Ming dynasty's northeastern Liaodong region laid the groundwork for the Qing conquest of the Ming by his descendants, who founded the Qing dynasty in 1636. He is also generally credited with ordering the creation of a new written script for the Manchu language based on the Mongolian vertical script. Name and titles Nurhaci is written as in Manchu language. Some suggest that the meaning of the name in the Manchu language is "the skin of a wild boar", other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunggiya
Tunggiya (Manchu: , Chinese: 佟佳) is the name of a Manchu clan. Notable figures Males *Yangzhen (養真/养真; d. 1621), grandfather of Empress Xiaokangzhang **Tulai (圖賴/图赖; 1606–1658), a first rank military official (都統/都统) and a first class duke (一等公) ***Guowei (國維/国维; d. 1719), a first rank military official (領侍衛內大臣/领侍卫内大臣) in the Ministry of Internal Affairs (内务府) and a first class duke (一等公),father of Empress Xiaoyiren *Yekeshu (叶克书), father of Shun'anyan *Dekesi (德克新), served as third class imperial guard *Hongshan (洪善) *Qingyuan (庆元) *Qingfu (庆復; d. 1747), served as first rank military official (都統/都统, pinyin: dutong) from 1727-1733, Viceroy of Liangjiang, Viceroy of Yunnan, Viceroy of Liangguang in 1741, a Grand Secretary of Wenhua hall (文华殿大学士) * Longkodo (d. 1728), an eminent and powerful minister during the reigns of the Kangxi Emperor and Yongzheng Emper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donggo
Donggo (，pinyin:Dong'e) was a clan of Manchu nobility belonging to the Manchu Plain White Banner, one of the 3 upper banners of Eight Banner system. Several lineages were members of Manchu Plain Red Banner. Donggo Hala was a branch of Irgen Gioro clan. The ancestral home of the Donggo Hala was located in Liaodong. After the demise of Qing dynasty, their descendants changed their surnames to Dong (董),Zhao (赵) and other. Notable figures Males * Hohori (何和礼; 1561–1624, pinyin: heheli) one of 5 founders of Later Jin dynasty and duke Yongqin (勇勤公, meaning "brave and diligent") ** Dulei (杜雷), a first rank military official (都统, pinyin: dutong) and held a title of second class count (二等伯) ** Dojili (多济理), a second rank military official (副都统, pinyin: fudutong) *** Kajihai (喀济海), a head censor (长史) ** Yaxing'a (雅星阿), served a third rank military official (参领) *** Xindali (新达理) * Xihan (席汉) ** Eshuo (鄂碩/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gūwalgiya
Gūwalgiya (Manchu Chinese: ; ) was one of the most powerful Manchu clans. It is often listed by historians as the first of the eight prominent Manchu clans of the Qing dynasty. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Han Chinese surname ''Guan'' (關). Notable figures Males * Fiongdon (; 1562–1620), close associate of Nurhaci ** Huisai (; d. 1651), Fiongdon's grandson *** Fuzhen (d. 1909), Huisai's descendant * Oboi (1610–1669), Fiongdon's nephew; served as one of the Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor * Nardu (; d. 1676), Oboi's nephew * Bahai (d. 1696), early Qing dynasty general * Wenxiang (1818–1876), late Qing dynasty statesman * Ronglu (1836–1903), late Qing dynasty mandarin, major confidant of Empress Dowager Cixi * Guan Xiangying (; 1902–1946), Communist fighter, leader of the Communist Youth League of China * Kwan Shan (1933–2012), Hong Kong actor * John Kuan (born 1940), Kuomintang politician in Taiwan ; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amin (Qing Dynasty)
Amin ( Manchu: ; , 1585- Dec. 28, 1640) was a Manchu noble and an important military and political leader in the early years of the Qing dynasty. He was the second son of Nurhaci's younger brother Šurhaci of the Aisin Gioro clan. Biography Nurhaci's reign In 1608, and again in 1613, he played an important part in Nurhaci's campaign against the tribes of the Hūlun alliance, namely against Bujantai and the Ula tribe. At first he held the rank of a taiji (Mongolian rank of a minor prince). In 1616 when Nurhaci assumed the title of Khan, Amin was named as one of the Four Senior Beile to assist in the administration. In terms of seniority he held the rank of Second Beile, and was given command of the Bordered Blue Banner. He took part in 1619 in the Battle of Sarhū against the expeditionary force sent by the Ming Court under Yang Hao. In 1621 he fought bravely during the taking of Shenyang and Liaoyang and was of the commanders of the expedition which drove Mao Wenlong f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1564 Births
Year 1564 ( MDLXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 26 – Livonian War – Battle of Ula: A Lithuanian surprise attack results in a decisive defeat of the numerically superior Russian forces. * March 25 – Battle of Angol in Chile: Spanish Conquistador Lorenzo Bernal del Mercado defeats and kills the toqui Illangulién. * June 22 – French settlers abandon Charlesfort, the first French attempt at colonizing what is now the United States, and establish Fort Caroline in Florida. July–December * July – English merchant Anthony Jenkinson returns to London from his second expedition to the Grand Duchy of Moscow, having gained a considerable extension of trading rights for the English Muscovy Company. * September 4 – The Ronneby Bloodbath takes place in Ronneby, Denmark (now in Sweden). * September 10 – Battle of Kawanakajima in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1611 Deaths
Events January–June * February 27 – Sunspots are observed by telescope, by Frisian astronomers Johannes Fabricius and David Fabricius. Johannes publishes the results of these observations, in ''De Maculis in Sole observatis'' in Wittenberg, later this year. Such early discoveries are overlooked, however, and the first sighting is claimed a few months later, by Galileo Galilei and Christoph Scheiner. * March 4 – George Abbot is enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury. * March 9 – Battle of Segaba in Begemder: Yemana Kristos, brother of Emperor of Ethiopia Susenyos I, ends the rebellion of Melka Sedeq. * April 4 – Denmark-Norway declares war on Sweden, then captures Kalmar. * April 28 – The ''Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario'' is established in Manila, the Philippines (later renamed Colegio de Santo Tomas, now known as the University of Santo Tomas). * May 2 – The Authorized King James Version of the Bible is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
