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Zone Fossil
Index fossils (also known as guide fossils or indicator fossils) are fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...s used to define and identify geologic periods (or faunal stages). Index fossils must have a short vertical range, wide geographic distribution and rapid evolutionary trends. Another term, Zone fossil is used when the fossil have all the characters stated above except wide geographical distribution, they are limited to a zone and can't be used for correlations of strata. See also * Biostratigraphy#Index fossils References {{Reflist he:מאובן#מאובן מנחה ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Index Fossils
Biostratigraphy is the branch of stratigraphy which focuses on correlating and assigning relative ages of rock strata by using the fossil assemblages contained within them.Hine, Robert. “Biostratigraphy.” ''Oxford Reference: Dictionary of Biology'', 8th ed., Oxford University Press, 2019. The primary objective of biostratigraphy is ''correlation'', demonstrating that a particular horizon in one geological section represents the same period of time as another horizon at a different section. Fossils within these strata are useful because sediments of the same age can look completely different, due to local variations in the sedimentary environment. For example, one section might have been made up of clays and marls, while another has more chalky limestones. However, if the fossil species recorded are similar, the two sediments are likely to have been laid down around the same time. Ideally these fossils are used to help identify biozones, as they make up the basic biostratigrap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scaphites
''Scaphites'' is a genus of heteromorph ammonites belonging to the Scaphitidae family. They were a widespread genus that thrived during the Late Cretaceous period. Morphology ''Scaphites'' generally have a chambered, boat-shaped shell. The initial part (juvenile stage) of the shell is generally more or less involute (tightly coiled) and compressed, giving no hint of the heteromorphic shell form yet to come. The terminal part (adult stage) is much shorter, erect, and bends over the older shell like a hook. They have transverse, branching ribs with tubercles (small bumps) along the venter. Reconstructions of the body within the shell can be made to portray ''Scaphites'' as either a benthic (bottom-dwelling) or planktonic animal, depending on where the center of gravity is located. Since useful fossils of the soft-body parts of cephalopods are highly rare, little is known about how this animal actually fit into its shell and lived its life. Age Because ''Scaphites'' and its relati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triassic
The Triassic ( ) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.36 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic Period is subdivided into three epochs: Early Triassic, Middle Triassic and Late Triassic. The Triassic began in the wake of the Permian–Triassic extinction event, which left the Earth's biosphere impoverished; it was well into the middle of the Triassic before life recovered its former diversity. Three categories of organisms can be distinguished in the Triassic record: survivors from the extinction event, new groups that flourished briefly, and other new groups that went on to dominate the Mesozoic Era. Reptiles, especially archosaurs, were the chief terrestrial vertebrates during this time. A specialized subgroup of archo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nerinea
†''Nerinea'' is an extinct genus of fossil sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Heterobranchia. Fossil record This genus is present from the Jurassic to the Cretaceous periods. Fossils are known from various localities of Europe, Africa, North America, South America, United States, Colorado river and New Zealand. Species Species in the genus ''Nerinea'' include:Itaru HAYAMI & Tomoki KASE 1977 ttp://www.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp/publish_db/Bulletin/no13/no13009.html ''PART I. PALEOZOIC AND MESOZOIC GASTROPODA'' Bulletin No.13. The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokio. * '' Nerinea desvoidyi'' D'Orbigny, 1921 * '' Nerinea gachupinae'' Alencaster, 1977 * '' Nerinea higoensis'' Shikama & Yui, 1973 * '' Nerinea koikensis'' Shikama & Yui, 1973 * '' Nerinea naumanni'' Sugiyama & Asao, 1942 * '' Nerinea rigida'' Nagao, 1934 * '' Nerinea schickii'' - from Early Cretaceous, Albian - Syria * '' Nerinea shiidai'' Shikama & Yui, 1973 * '' Nerinea somaliensis'' Weir, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jurassic
The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya. The Jurassic constitutes the middle period of the Mesozoic, Mesozoic Era and is named after the Jura Mountains, where limestone strata from the period were first identified. The start of the Jurassic was marked by the major Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, associated with the eruption of the Central Atlantic magmatic province, Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. The beginning of the Toarcian Stage started around 183 million years ago and is marked by an extinction event associated with widespread Anoxic event, oceanic anoxia, ocean acidification, and elevated temperatures likely caused by the eruption of the Karoo-Ferrar, Karoo-Ferrar large igneous provinces. The end of the Jurassic, however, has no clear boundary with the Cretaceous and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perisphinctes Tiziani
''Perisphinctes'' is an extinct genus of ammonite cephalopod. They lived during the Middle to Late Jurassic epochs and serve as an index fossil for that time period. The species ''P. boweni'' was named after the English chemist and geologist E. J. Bowen Edmund ("Ted") John Bowen Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (29 April 1898 – 19 November 1980) was a British physical chemist. Life Born in Worcester, England, Worcester, England, E. J. Bowen attended the Royal Grammar School Worcester. He w ... (1898–1980). Distribution Shells of species belonging to this genus have been found in the Jurassic of Antarctica, Argentina, Chile, Cuba, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Madagascar, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Yemen. Gallery File:Perisphinctes (Prosososphinctes) virguloides (Waagen).jpg, ''Perisphinctes virguloides'' File:Perisphinctes cf choffati.JPG, '' Perisphinctes choffati'' File: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perisphinctes
''Perisphinctes'' is an extinct genus of ammonite cephalopod. They lived during the Middle to Late Jurassic epochs and serve as an index fossil for that time period. The species ''P. boweni'' was named after the English chemist and geologist E. J. Bowen Edmund ("Ted") John Bowen Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (29 April 1898 – 19 November 1980) was a British physical chemist. Life Born in Worcester, England, Worcester, England, E. J. Bowen attended the Royal Grammar School Worcester. He w ... (1898–1980). Distribution Shells of species belonging to this genus have been found in the Jurassic of Antarctica, Argentina, Chile, Cuba, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Madagascar, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Yemen. Gallery File:Perisphinctes (Prosososphinctes) virguloides (Waagen).jpg, ''Perisphinctes virguloides'' File:Perisphinctes cf choffati.JPG, '' Perisphinctes choffati'' File: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inoceramus Labiatus
''Inoceramus'' (Greek: translation "strong pot") is an extinct genus of fossil marine pteriomorphian bivalves that superficially resembled the related winged pearly oysters of the extant genus '' Pteria''. They lived from the Early Jurassic to latest Cretaceous.''Inoceramus'' at .orgWard ''et al.'' "Ammonite and inoceramid bivalve extinction patterns in Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary sections of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inoceramus
''Inoceramus'' (Greek: translation "strong pot") is an extinct genus of fossil marine pteriomorphian bivalves that superficially resembled the related winged pearly oysters of the extant genus '' Pteria''. They lived from the Early Jurassic to latest Cretaceous.''Inoceramus'' at Fossilworks.orgWard ''et al.'' "Ammonite and inoceramid bivalve extinction patterns in Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary sections of the Biscay region (southweste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
