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Workcell
A workcell is an arrangement of resources in a manufacturing environment to improve the quality, speed and cost of the process. Workcells are designed to improve these by improving process flow and eliminating waste. They are based on the principles of Lean Manufacturing as described in '' The Machine That Changed the World'' by Womack, Jones and Roos.''Machine That Changed the World'', James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, Daniel Roos, HarperBusiness, 1991, History Classical manufacturing management approaches dictate that costs be lowered by breaking the process into steps, and ensuring that each of these steps minimizes cost and maximizes efficiency. This discrete approach has resulted in machines placed apart from each other to maximize the efficiency and throughput of each machine. The traditional accounting for machine capitalization is based on the number of parts produced, and this approach reinforces the idea of lowering the cost of each machine (by having them produce as ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lean Manufacturing
Lean manufacturing is a production method aimed primarily at reducing times within the production system as well as response times from suppliers and to customers. It is closely related to another concept called just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing in short). Just-in-time manufacturing tries to match production to demand by only supplying goods which have been ordered and focuses on efficiency, productivity (with a commitment to continuous improvement) and reduction of "wastes" for the producer and supplier of goods. Lean manufacturing adopts the just-in-time approach and additionally focuses on reducing cycle, flow and throughput times by further eliminating activities which do not add any value for the customer. Lean manufacturing also involves people who work outside of the manufacturing process, such as in marketing and customer service. Lean manufacturing is particularly related to the operational model implemented in the post-war 1950s and 1960s by the Japa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Machine That Changed The World (book)
''The Machine That Changed the World'' is a 1990 book about automobile production, written by James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, and Daniel Roos. This book made the term lean production known worldwide. A revised edition was published in 2007. See also *Lean manufacturing *Automotive engineering Automotive engineering, along with aerospace engineering and naval architecture, is a branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software, and safety engineering as applied to the design, manufactu ... Bibliography *Roos, Daniel; Womack, James P.; Jones, Daniel T.: ''The Machine That Changed the World: The Story of Lean Production'', Harper Perennial (November 1990), , Automotive engineering Lean manufacturing {{engineering-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muri (Japanese Term)
is a Japanese word meaning "unreasonableness; impossible; beyond one's power; too difficult; by force; perforce; forcibly; compulsorily; excessiveness; immoderation",''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'' (2003), 5th edition, Tokyo: Kenkyusha, p. 2537. and is a key concept in the Toyota Production System (TPS) as one of the three types of waste (''muda'', '' mura'', ''muri''). A direct example of Muri is asking workers to stay focused for a period exceeding 8 hrs. a day or expecting a machine to produce more than it can in a given time. Some of the most common reasons why production systems experience overburdening: * Unmeasured system capacity, despite assigning production expectations in set numbers * A suboptimal technical condition of used machines, or untrained staff * Poor communication across the team and manager Avoidance of muri in Toyota manufacturing Muri is one of three types of waste (muda, mura, muri) identified in the Toyota Production System. Waste red ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takt Time
Takt time, or simply Takt, is a manufacturing term to describe the required product assembly duration that is needed to match the demand. Often confused with Cycle time (software), cycle time, takt time is a tool used to design work and it measures the average time interval between the start of production of one unit and the start of production of the next unit when items are produced sequentially. For calculations, it is the time to produce parts divided by the number of parts demanded in that time interval. The takt time is based on customer demand; if a process or a production line are unable to produce at takt time, either demand leveling, additional resources, or process re-engineering is needed to ensure on-time delivery. For example, if the customer demand is 10 units per week, then, given a 40-hour workweek and steady flow through the production line, the average duration between production starts should be 4 hours, ideally. This interval is further reduced to account for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mura (Japanese Term)
is a Japanese word meaning "unevenness; irregularity; lack of uniformity; nonuniformity; inequality", and is a key concept in the Toyota Production System (TPS) as one of the three types of waste (''muda'', ''mura'', '' muri''). Waste in this context refers to the wasting of time or resources rather than wasteful by-products and should not be confused with Waste reduction. Toyota adopted these three Japanese words as part of their product improvement program, due to their familiarity in common usage. Mura, in terms of business/process improvement, is avoided through Just-In-Time systems which are based on keeping little or no inventory. These systems supply the production process with the right part, at the right time, in the right amount, using first-in, first-out (FIFO) component flow. Just-In-Time systems create a “pull system” in which each sub-process withdraws its needs from the preceding sub-processes, and ultimately from an outside supplier. When a preceding proces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Software Development
Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. Software development involves writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all processes from the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, typically in a planned and structured process. Software development also includes research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products. Methodologies One system development methodology is not necessarily suitable for use by all projects. Each of the available methodologies are best suited to specific kinds of projects, based on various technical, organizational, project, and team considerations. Software development activities Identification of need The sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross-functional Team
A cross-functional team, also known as a multidisciplinary team or interdisciplinary team, is a group of people with different functional expertise working toward a common goal. It may include people from finance, marketing, operations, and human resources departments. Typically, it includes employees from all levels of an organization. Members may also come from outside an organization (in particular, from suppliers, key customers, or consultants). Cross-functional teams often function as self-directed teams assigned to a specific task which calls for the input and expertise of numerous departments. Assigning a task to a team composed of multi-disciplinary individuals increases the level of creativity and establishes common opinion. Each member offers an alternative perspective to the problem and potential solution to the task. In business today, innovation is a leading competitive advantage and cross-functional teams promote innovation through a creative collaboration process. Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
