|
Tachinid
The Tachinidae are a large and variable family of true flies within the insect order Diptera, with more than 8,200 known species and many more to be discovered. Over 1,300 species have been described in North America alone. Insects in this family commonly are called tachinid flies or simply tachinids. As far as is known, they all are protelean parasitoids, or occasionally parasites, of arthropods, usually other insects. The family is known from many habitats in all zoogeographical regions and is especially diverse in South America. Life cycle Reproductive strategies vary greatly between Tachinid species, largely, but not always clearly, according to their respective life cycles. This means that they tend to be generalists rather than specialists. Comparatively few are restricted to a single host species, so there is little tendency towards the close co-evolution one finds in the adaptations of many specialist species to their hosts, such as are typical of protelean parasito ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tachinid Eggs On Leptoglossus
The Tachinidae are a large and variable family of true fly, flies within the insect order Fly, Diptera, with more than 8,200 known species and many more to be discovered. Over 1,300 species have been described in North America alone. Insects in this family commonly are called tachinid flies or simply tachinids. As far as is known, they all are protelean parasitoids, or occasionally parasites, of arthropods, usually other insects. The family is known from many habitats in all Zoogeography, zoogeographical regions and is especially diverse in South America. Life cycle Reproductive strategies vary greatly between Tachinid species, largely, but not always clearly, according to their respective life cycles. This means that they tend to be generalists rather than specialists. Comparatively few are restricted to a single host species, so there is little tendency towards the close co-evolution one finds in the adaptations of many specialist species to their hosts, such as are typica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dexiinae
Dexiinae is a subfamily of flies in the family Tachinidae. Tribes & genera *Tribe Dexiini **'' Aglummyia'' Townsend, 1912 **''Amphitropesa'' Townsend, 1933 **'' Ateloglossa'' Coquillett, 1899 **'' Bathydexia'' Wulp, 1891 **'' Billaea'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 **'' Callotroxis'' Aldrich, 1929 **'' Camarona'' Wulp, 1891 **''Cantrellius'' Barraclough, 1992 **'' Carbonilla'' Mesnil, 1974 **''Chaetocalirrhoe'' Townsend, 1935 **'' Chaetodexia'' Mesnil, 1976 **''Chaetogyne'' Brauer & von Bergenstamm, 1889 **'' Chaetotheresia'' Townsend, 1931 **'' Charapozelia'' Townsend, 1927 **''Cordillerodexia'' Townsend, 1927 **''Daetaleus'' Aldrich, 1928> **''Dasyuromyia'' Bigot, 1885 **''Dexia'' Meigen, 1826 **''Diaugia'' Perty, 1833 **''Dinera'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 **'' Dolichocodia'' Townsend, 1908 **'' Dolichodinera'' Townsend, 1935 **'' Echinodexia'' Brauer & von Bergenstamm, 1893 **'' Effusimentum'' Barraclough, 1992 **'' Estheria'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 **''Euchaetogyne'' Town ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tachina Fera
''Tachina fera'' is a species of fly in the genus '' Tachina'' of the family Tachinidae. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1761. Distribution This species can be found in the entire Palearctic realm, across Europe as far north as Scandinavia and European Russia. It is also present in Israel and North Asia, east to China, Mongolia, Korea, and Japan, and in North Africa. Habitat These flies inhabit the vegetation of humid regions, meadows, woodland, forests, forest edges, clearings, heath and moorland and natural gardens. Description ''Tachina fera'' can reach a length of , with a wingspan of 16–27 mm. These tachinids show a grayish upperside of the thorax, due to dense pollinosity, with regular black stripes. The abdomen is yellow orange with a wide black dorsal stripe ending in a point . They are bristly on the thorax and abdomen, especially towards the tip, where they have long thorn-shaped, protruding black bristles. Close to the thorax there is a striking, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ovoviviparous
Ovoviviparity, ovovivipary, ovivipary, or aplacental viviparity is a term used as a "bridging" form of reproduction between egg-laying oviparous and live-bearing viviparous reproduction. Ovoviviparous animals possess embryos that develop inside eggs that remain in the mother's body until they are ready to hatch. The young of some ovoviviparous amphibians, such as ''Limnonectes larvaepartus'', are born as larvae, and undergo further metamorphosis outside the body of the mother. Members of genera ''Nectophrynoides'' and ''Eleutherodactylus'' bear froglets, not only the hatching, but all the most conspicuous metamorphosis, being completed inside the body of the mother before birth. Among insects that depend on opportunistic exploitation of transient food sources, such as many Sarcophagidae and other carrion flies, and species such as many Calliphoridae, that rely on fresh dung, and parasitoids such as tachinid flies that depend on entering the host as soon as possible, the emb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasitoid
In evolutionary ecology, a parasitoid is an organism that lives in close association with its host (biology), host at the host's expense, eventually resulting in the death of the host. Parasitoidism is one of six major evolutionarily stable strategy, evolutionary strategies within parasitism, distinguished by the fatal prognosis for the host, which makes the strategy close to predation. Among parasitoids, strategies range from living inside the host (''endoparasitism''), allowing it to continue growing before emerging as an adult, to Paralysis, paralysing the host and living outside it (''ectoparasitism''). Hosts can include other parasitoids, resulting in hyperparasitism; in the case of oak galls, up to five levels of parasitism are possible. Some parasitoids Behavior-altering parasite, influence their host's behaviour in ways that favour the propagation of the parasitoid. Parasitoids are found in a variety of Taxon, taxa across the insect superorder Endopterygota, whose compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tachininae
Tachininae is a subfamily of flies in the family Tachinidae. Tribes & genera *Tribe Ernestiini :*'' Appendicia'' Stein, 1924 :*'' Cleonice'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 :*'' Eloceria'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 :*'' Ernestia'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Eurithia'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1844 :*''Fausta'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Gymnocheta'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Hyalurgus'' Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893 :*'' Loewia'' Egger, 1856 :*'' Zophomyia'' Macquart, 1835 *Tribe Graphogastrini :*'' Graphogaster'' Rondani, 1868 :*'' Phytomyptera'' Rondani, 1845 *Tribe Leskiini :*'' Aphria'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Bithia'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 :*'' Demoticus'' Macquart, 1854 :*'' Leskia'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Solieria'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1848 *Tribe Linnaemyini :*'' Chrysosomopsis'' Townsend, 1916 :*'' Linnaemya'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Lydina'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Lypha'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 *Tribe Macquartiini :*'' Anthomyiopsis'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnosoma
''Gymnosoma'' is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae. The name ''"Gymnosoma"'' literally translates as "naked body", and presumably refers to the fact that some species in the genus are less conspicuously bristly than most species of flies in the family Tachinidae. Species *'' G. acrosterni'' Kugler, 1971 *'' G. amplifrons'' (Brooks, 1946) *'' G. brachypeltae'' Dupuis, 1961 *'' G. brevicorne'' Villeneuve, 1929 *'' G. canadense'' (Brooks, 1946) *'' G. carpocoride'' Dupuis, 1961 *'' G. clavatum'' ( Rohdendorf, 1947) *'' G. costatum'' (Panzer, 1800) *'' G. desertorum'' ( Rohdendorf, 1947) *'' G. dolycoride'' Dupuis, 1961 *'' G. emdeni'' (Mesnil, 1950) *'' G. filiola'' Loew, 1872 *'' G. fuliginosum'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 *'' G. hemisphaericum'' ( Geoffroy, 1785) *'' G. hamiense'' Dupuis, 1966 *'' G. indicum'' Walker, 1853 *'' G. inornatum'' Zimin, 1966 *'' G. iranicum'' (Zimin, 1966) *'' G. majae'' (Zimin, 1966) *'' G. maxima'' Dupuis, 1966 *'' G. nitens'' Meigen, 1824 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grasshopper
Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They are among what is possibly the most ancient living group of chewing herbivorous insects, dating back to the early Triassic around 250 million years ago. Grasshoppers are typically ground-dwelling insects with powerful hind legs which allow them to escape from threats by leaping vigorously. As hemimetabolous insects, they do not undergo complete metamorphosis; they hatch from an egg into a nymph or "hopper" which undergoes five moults, becoming more similar to the adult insect at each developmental stage. The grasshopper hears through the tympanal organ which can be found in the first segment of the abdomen attached to the thorax; while its sense of vision is in the compound eyes, the change in light intensity is perceived in the simple eyes (ocelli). At high population densities and under certain environmental conditions, some grasshopper species can change color and behavior and form swarms. Under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gynaephora Groenlandica
''Gynaephora groenlandica'', the Arctic woolly bear moth, is an erebid moth native to the High Arctic in the Canadian archipelago, Greenland and Wrangel Island in Russia. It is known for its slow rate of development, as its full caterpillar life cycle may extend up to 7 years, with moulting occurring each spring. This species remains in a larval state for the vast majority of its life. Rare among Lepidoptera, it undergoes an annual period of diapause that lasts for much of the calendar year, as ''G. groenlandica'' is subject to some of the longest, most extreme winters on Earth.Bennett VA, Lee RE Jr, Nauman JS, Kukal O. Selection of overwintering microhabitats used by the arctic woollybear caterpillar, ''Gynaephora groenlandica''. Cryo Letters. 2003 May-Jun;24(3):191-200. In this dormant state, it can withstand temperatures as low as −70 °C. The Arctic woolly bear moth also exhibits basking behavior, which aids in temperature regulation and digestion and affects both met ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endoparasite
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has characterised parasites as "predators that eat prey in units of less than one". Parasites include single-celled protozoans such as the agents of malaria, sleeping sickness, and amoebic dysentery; animals such as hookworms, lice, mosquitoes, and vampire bats; fungi such as honey fungus and the agents of ringworm; and plants such as mistletoe, dodder, and the broomrapes. There are six major parasitic strategies of exploitation of animal hosts, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism (by contact), trophicallytransmitted parasitism (by being eaten), vector-transmitted parasitism, parasitoidism, and micropredation. One major axis of classification concerns invasiveness: an endoparasite lives inside the host's body; an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archytas
Archytas (; el, Ἀρχύτας; 435/410–360/350 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher, mathematician, music theorist, astronomer, statesman, and strategist. He was a scientist of the Pythagorean school and famous for being the reputed founder of mathematical mechanics, as well as a good friend of Plato. Life and work Archytas was born in Tarentum, Magna Graecia and was the son of Mnesagoras or Hadees. For a while, he was taught by Philolaus, and was a teacher of mathematics to Eudoxus of Cnidus. Archytas and Eudoxus' student was Menaechmus. As a Pythagorean, Archytas believed that only arithmetic, not geometry, could provide a basis for satisfactory proofs. Archytas is believed to be the founder of mathematical mechanics.: ''Vitae philosophorum'' As only described in the writings of Aulus Gellius five centuries after him, he was reputed to have designed and built the first artificial, self-propelled flying device, a bird-shaped model propelled by a jet of what was probably st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centipede
Centipedes (from New Latin , "hundred", and Latin , " foot") are predatory arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda (Ancient Greek , ''kheilos'', lip, and New Latin suffix , "foot", describing the forcipules) of the subphylum Myriapoda, an arthropod group which includes millipedes and other multi-legged animals. Centipedes are elongated segmented (metameric) creatures with one pair of legs per body segment. All centipedes are venomous and can inflict painful bites, injecting their venom through pincer-like appendages known as forcipules. Despite the name, centipedes can have a varying number of legs, ranging from 30 to 382. Centipedes always have an odd number of pairs of legs; no centipede has exactly 100. Like spiders and scorpions, centipedes are predominantly carnivorous. Their size ranges from a few millimetres in the smaller lithobiomorphs and geophilomorphs to about in the largest scolopendromorphs. Centipedes can be found in a wide variety of environments. They ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
