|
State Derivation
State derivation has been understood since the 1970s as an attempt within Marxism and neo-Marxism to explain the emergence and extent of the state and its law within the bourgeois, modern economic system and therewith to derive the relationship between economics and politics from the structure of capitalist production. In the 1920s, the legal scholar Paschukanis foreshadowed the debate with his explanation of the legal form of commodities. In the 1970s Western Marxism resumed the state derivation debate dominated by the works of Gramsci, Althusser and Poulantzas. In West Germany, however, as a result of the student movement’s political expectations of the first post-war social democratic-led government of Willy Brandt, an exclusive debate occurred, the ''Staatsableitungsdebatte''.Matthias Dapprich, The historical development of West Germany’s new left from a politico-theoretical perspective with particular emphasis on the Marxistische Gruppe and Maoist K-Gruppen. PhD thesis, Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism
Marxism is a Left-wing politics, left-wing to Far-left politics, far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a Materialism, materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand Social class, class relations and social conflict and a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, no single, definitive Marxist philosophy, Marxist theory exists. In addition to the schools of thought which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, various Marxian concepts have been incorporated and adapted into a diverse array of Social theory, social theories leading to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining characteristics of Marxism have often been described using the terms dialectical mater ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Society
Civil society can be understood as the "third sector" of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere.''What is Civil Society'' civilsoc.org By other authors, ''civil society'' is used in the sense of 1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that advance the interests and will of citizens or 2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government. Sometimes the term ''civil society'' is used in the more general sense of "the elements such as freedom of speech, an independent judiciary, etc, that make up a democratic society" ('''' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxist Theory
Marxist philosophy or Marxist theory are works in philosophy that are strongly influenced by Karl Marx's materialist approach to theory, or works written by Marxists. Marxist philosophy may be broadly divided into Western Marxism, which drew from various sources, and the official philosophy in the Soviet Union, which enforced a rigid reading of Marx called dialectical materialism, in particular during the 1930s. Marxist philosophy is not a strictly defined sub-field of philosophy, because the diverse influence of Marxist theory has extended into fields as varied as aesthetics, ethics, ontology, epistemology, theoretical psychology and philosophy of science, as well as its obvious influence on political philosophy and the philosophy of history. The key characteristics of Marxism in philosophy are its materialism and its commitment to political practice as the end goal of all thought. The theory is also about the struggles of the proletariat and their reprimand of the bourgeoisie. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historisch-kritisches Wörterbuch Des Marxismus
''Historisch-kritisches Wörterbuch des Marxismus'' (HKWM) (in English: ''Historical-Critical Dictionary of Marxism'') is a major international German-language encyclopedia of Marxism. It is published by the Berlin Institute of Critical Theory (InkriT), Germany. The editor-in-chief is Wolfgang Fritz Haug. The work is planned to be published in 15 volumes. The first volume was published in 1994; in 2015 was vol. 8/II published and in March 2018 Band 9/I is to be published. The work is also available in electronic form and each article may be ordered separately as a pdf-file for immediately delivery. Publishing plan * Vol. 1: Abbau des Staates – Avantgarde (1994) * Vol. 2: Bank – Dummheit in der Musik (1995) * Vol. 3: Ebene – Extremismus (1997) * Vol. 4: Fabel – Gegenmacht (1999) * Vol. 5: Gegenöffentlichkeit – Hegemonialapparat (2001) * Vol. 6/I: Hegemonie – Imperialismus (2004) * Vol. 6/II: Imperium – Justiz (2004) * Vol. 7/I: Kaderpartei – Klonen (2008) * Vol. 7/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sol Picciotto
Sol Picciotto (born 1942) is a Syrian-born British academic, emeritus professor of law at Lancaster University. Life Sol Picciotto was born in Aleppo, Syria in 1942, of Jewish parents. His family left Syria in 1947 to 1948, and he was educated at Manchester Grammar School. Picciotto was educated at the University of Oxford (BA) and the University of Chicago (JD). Picciotto has been joint editor of the ''International Journal of the Sociology of Law'', and founding joint editor of ''Social and Legal Studies'' and an editorial consultant on the ''Australian Journal of Law and Society''. He is a senior adviser at the Tax Justice Network. Picciotto's students have included Attiya Waris Attiya Waris (born 25 October 1974) is a Kenyan professor at the University of Nairobi and a writer about financing development from diverse perspectives including illicit financial flows and corporate tax reform.She is the current UN Independent ... who is also involved with the Tax Justice Network ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Holloway (sociologist)
John Holloway (born 1947) is a lawyer, Marxist-oriented sociologist and philosopher, whose work is closely associated with the Zapatista movement in Mexico, his home since 1991. It has also been taken up by some intellectuals associated with the piqueteros in Argentina; the Abahlali baseMjondolo movement in South Africa and the Anti-Globalization Movement in Europe and North America. He is currently a professor at the Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences at the Autonomous University of Puebla. Background He was born in Dublin, Ireland, and has a Ph.D in Political Science from the University of Edinburgh. He is brother to writer and academic David Holloway, and first cousin to Canadian political activist Kate Holloway and Canadian entertainer Maureen Holloway. Work During the 1970s, Holloway was an influential member of the Conference of Socialist Economists, particularly in his support of an approach to the state as a social form constituted ultimately by class stru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ideology And Ideological State Apparatuses
"Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses (Notes Towards an Investigation)" ( French: "Idéologie et appareils idéologiques d'État (Notes pour une recherche)") is an essay by the French Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser. First published in 1970, it advances Althusser's theory of ideology. Where Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels posited a thinly-sketched theory of ideology as a system of falsehoods serving the ruling class, Althusser draws upon the works of later theorists such as Antonio Gramsci, Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan to proffer a more elaborate redefinition of the theory. Althusser's theory of ideology has remained influential since it was written. Reproduction of the relations of production Althusser begins the essay by reiterating the Marxist theory that in order to exist, a social formation is required to essentially, continuously and perpetually reproduce the productive forces (labour power and means of production), the conditions of production and the relations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Monopoly Capitalism
The theory of state monopoly capitalism (also referred as stamocap) was initially a Marxist thesis popularised after World War II. Lenin had claimed in 1916 that World War I had transformed laissez-faire capitalism into ''monopoly capitalism'', but he did not publish any extensive theory about the topic. The term refers to an environment where the state intervenes in the economy to protect larger monopolistic or oligopolistic businesses from threats. As conceived by Lenin in his pamphlet of the same name the theory aims to describe the ''final historical stage'' of capitalism, of which he believed the Imperialism of that time to be the highest expression. The main thesis The main Marxist–Leninist thesis is that big business, having achieved a monopoly or cartel position in most markets of importance, ''fuses'' with the government apparatus. State monopoly capitalism protected monopolistic economics from competition by smaller firms. Lenin insists in ''The State and Revolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miliband–Poulantzas Debate
The Miliband–Poulantzas debate was a debate between Marxist theorists Ralph Miliband and Nicos Poulantzas concerning the nature of the state in capitalist societies. Their exchange was published in ''New Left Review'', beginning with Poulantzas's review of Miliband's 1969 work on bourgeois democracies, ''The State in Capitalist Society''. The exchange is typically characterized as a debate between Miliband's instrumentalist model of the capitalist state and Poulantzas' structural position; however, Bob Jessop argues that this account is misleading. Debate In ''The State in Capitalist Society'', Miliband presents his theory of how the state functions to serve capitalist interests. It does so, he claims, because of (1) the social origins of members of the government and (2) the personal ties and influence between members of the government and ruling-class elites. Poulantzas disagrees with Miliband's approach, adopting a structural position. He claims the state is objectively a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marx's Theory Of The State
Karl Marx's idea that the state can be divided into three subject areas: pre-capitalist states, states in the capitalist (i.e. present) era and the state (or absence of one) in post-capitalist society. Overlaying this is the fact that his own ideas about the state changed as he grew older, differing in his early pre- communist phase, the young Marx phase which predates the unsuccessful 1848 uprisings in Europe and in his later work. Bourgeois state In Marx's 1843 ''Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right'', his basic conception is that the state and civil society are separate. However, he already saw some limitations to that model, arguing: By the time he wrote ''The German Ideology'' (1846), Marx viewed the state as a creature of the bourgeois economic interest. Two years later, that idea was expounded in ''The Communist Manifesto'': This represents the high point of conformance of the state theory to an economic interpretation of history in which the forces of produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alliance 90/The Greens
Alliance 90/The Greens (german: Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, ), often simply referred to as the Greens (, ), is a green political party in Germany. It was formed in 1993 as the merger of The Greens (formed in West Germany in 1980) and Alliance 90 (formed in East Germany in 1990). The Greens had itself merged with the East German Green Party after German reunification in 1990. Since January 2022, Ricarda Lang and Omid Nouripour have been co-leaders of the party. It currently holds 118 of the 736 seats in the Bundestag, having won 14.8% of votes cast in the 2021 federal election, and its parliamentary group is the third largest of six. Its parliamentary co-leaders are Britta Haßelmann and Katharina Dröge. The Greens have been part of the federal government during two periods: first as a junior partner to the Social Democrats (SPD) from 1998 to 2005, and again with the SPD and the FDP following the 2021 German federal election. In the incumbent Scholz cabinet, the Greens have five ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neo-Marxism
Neo-Marxism is a Marxist school of thought encompassing 20th-century approaches that amend or extend Marxism and Marxist theory, typically by incorporating elements from other intellectual traditions such as critical theory, psychoanalysis, or existentialism (in the case of Jean-Paul Sartre). As with many uses of the prefix '' neo-'', some theorists and groups who are designated as neo-Marxists have attempted to supplement the perceived deficiencies of orthodox Marxism or dialectical materialism. Many prominent neo-Marxists, such as Herbert Marcuse and other members of the Frankfurt School, have historically been sociologists and psychologists. Neo-Marxism comes under the broader framework of the New Left. In a sociological sense, neo-Marxism adds Max Weber's broader understanding of social inequality, such as status and power, to Marxist philosophy. Examples of neo-Marxism include analytical Marxism, French structural Marxism, critical theory, cultural studies, as well as so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Marxist Theory")
