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Standardization Agreement
In NATO, a standardization agreement (STANAG, redundantly: STANAG agreement) defines processes, procedures, terms, and conditions for common military or technical procedures or equipment between the member countries of the alliance. Each NATO state ratifies a STANAG and implements it within its own military. The purpose is to provide common operational and administrative procedures and logistics, so one member nation's military may use the stores and support of another member's military. STANAGs also form the basis for technical interoperability between a wide variety of communication and information systems (CIS) essential for NATO and Allied operations. The Allied Data Publication 34 (ADatP-34) NATO Interoperability Standards and Profiles which is covered by STANAG 5524, maintains a catalogue of relevant information and communication technology standards. STANAGs are published in English and French, the two official languages of NATO, by the NATO Standardization Office in Bru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two North American. Established in the aftermath of World War II, the organization implemented the North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949. NATO is a collective security system: its independent member states agree to defend each other against attacks by third parties. During the Cold War, NATO operated as a check on the perceived threat posed by the Soviet Union. The alliance remained in place after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and has been involved in military operations in the Balkans, the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. The organization's motto is ''animus in consulendo liber'' (Latin for "a mind unfettered in deliberation"). NATO's main headquarters are located in Brussels, Belgium, while NATO ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NATO Military Symbols For Land Based Systems
NATO Joint Military Symbology is the NATO standard for military map symbols. Originally published in 1986 as Allied Procedural Publication 6 (APP-6), NATO Military Symbols for Land Based Systems, the standard has evolved over the years and is currently in its fifth version (APP-6D). The symbols are designed to enhance NATO's joint interoperability by providing a standard set of common symbols. APP-6 constituted a single system of joint military symbology for land, air, space and sea-based formations and units, which can be displayed for either automated map display systems or for manual map marking. It covers all of the joint services and can be used by them. History The first basic military map symbols began to be used by western armies in the decades following the end of the Napoleonic Wars. During World War I, there was a degree of harmonisation between the British and French systems, including the adoption of the colour red for enemy forces and blue for allies; the British h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIL-STD-1553
MIL-STD-1553 is a military standard published by the United States Department of Defense that defines the mechanical, electrical, and functional characteristics of a serial data bus. It was originally designed as an avionic data bus for use with military avionics, but has also become commonly used in spacecraft on-board data handling (OBDH) subsystems, both military and civil, including use on the James Webb space telescope. It features multiple (commonly dual) redundant balanced line physical layers, a (differential) network interface, time-division multiplexing, half-duplex command/response protocol, and can handle up to 31 Remote Terminals (devices); 32 is typically designated for broadcast messages. A version of MIL-STD-1553 using optical cabling in place of electrical is known as MIL-STD-1773. MIL-STD-1553 was first published as a U.S. Air Force standard in 1973, and first was used on the F-16 Falcon fighter aircraft. Other aircraft designs quickly followed, including the F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
20 Mm Caliber
20 mm caliber is a specific size of popular autocannon ammunition. It is typically used to distinguish smaller-caliber weapons, commonly called "guns", from larger-caliber "cannons" (e.g. machine gun vs. autocannon). All 20 mm cartridges have an outside projectile (bullet) diameter and barrel bore diameter of . These projectiles are typically long, cartridge cases are typically long, and most are shells, with an explosive payload and detonating fuze. Weapons using this caliber range from anti-materiel rifles and anti-tank rifles to aircraft autocannons and anti-aircraft guns. Usage Twenty-millimeter-caliber weapons are generally not used to target individual soldiers, but have targets such as vehicles, buildings, or aircraft. Types of ammunition *High explosive (HE) *High explosive incendiary (HEI) *Armor-piercing (AP) * Semi-armor-piercing high explosive incendiary (SAPHEI) *Armor-piercing discarding sabot (APDS) *High explosive fragmentation tracer (HEF-T) * High ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STANAG 3350
STANAG 3350 (Analogue Video Standard for Aircraft System Applications) is a NATO analog video Standardization Agreement for military aircraft avionics. Video-capable sensors such as radars, FLIR, or video-guided missiles often provide a STANAG 3350 video output. STANAG3350 video is supplied as a component RGB signal with timing similar to a corresponding civilian composite video standard such as NTSC, PAL, or RS-343. Only the vertical and carrier frequency of the signal are defined by the standard, the horizontal resolution can vary from one implementation to another and still satisfy the STANAG 3350 standard. Versions of the standard The three different versions of the standard, which are all interlaced formats, are each based on a different civil conventional standard: * STANAG 3350 Class A: 875 Lines, 30 Frames/ Sec, 60 Fields/ Sec, based on RS-343 RGB, now EIA-343A * STANAG 3350 Class B, 625 Lines, 25 Frames/ Sec, 50 Fields/ Sec, based on PAL * STANAG 3350 Class C, 525 Lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tactical Data Link
A tactical data link (TDL) uses a data link standard in order to provide communication via radio waves or cable used by NATO nations. All military C3 systems use standardized TDL to transmit, relay and receive tactical data. Multi-TDL network (MTN) refers to the network of similar and dissimilar TDLs integrated through gateways, translators, and correlators to bring the common tactical picture and/or common operational picture together. Change of terminology The term ''tactical digital information link (TADIL)'' was made obsolete (per DISA guidance) and is now more commonly seen as ''tactical data link (TDL)''. Tactical data link character TDLs are characterized by their standard message and transmission formats. This is usually written as <Message Format>/<Transmission Format>. TDL standards in NATO In NATO, tactical data link standards are being developed by the ''Data Link Working Group (DLWG)'' of the ''Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC)'' in li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JREAP
{{Unreferenced, date=June 2019, bot=noref (GreenC bot) The Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP) enables tactical data messages to be transmitted over long-distance networks, e.g. satellite links, thereby extending the range of Tactical Data Links (TDLs). JREAP is documented in U.S. Military Standard (MIL-STD) 3011 and NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 5518, "Interoperability Standard for the Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP)." Purpose JREAP was developed due to the need to communicate data over long distances without degradation to the message format or content. JREAP takes the message from the format it was originally formatted in and changes the protocol so that the message can be transmitted over Beyond Line-of Sight media. JREAP is the protocol and message structure for the transmission and reception of pre-formatted messages over communications media other than those for which these messages were designed. JREAP provides a fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classes Of Supply
The United States Army divides supplies into ten numerically identifiable classes of supply. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) uses only the first five, for which NATO allies have agreed to share a common nomenclature with each other based on a NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG). A common naming convention is reflective of the necessity for interoperability and mutual logistical support. U.S. Armed Forces classes of supply * Class I – Rations – Subsistence (food and drinking water), gratuitous (free) health and comfort items. * Class II – Clothing And Equipment – individual equipment, tentage, some aerial delivery equipment, organizational tool sets and kits, hand tools, unclassified maps, administrative and housekeeping supplies and equipment. * Class III – POL – Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants (POL) (package and bulk): Petroleum, fuels, lubricants, hydraulic and insulating oils, preservatives, liquids and gases, bulk chemical products, coolants, deic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geneva Conventions
upright=1.15, Original document in single pages, 1864 The Geneva Conventions are four treaties, and three additional protocols, that establish international legal standards for humanitarian treatment in war. The singular term ''Geneva Convention'' usually denotes the agreements of 1949, negotiated in the aftermath of the Second World War (1939–1945), which updated the terms of the two 1929 treaties and added two new conventions. The Geneva Conventions extensively define the basic rights of wartime prisoners (civilians and military personnel), established protections for the wounded and sick, and provided protections for the civilians in and around a war-zone; moreover, the Geneva Convention also defines the rights and protections afforded to non-combatants. The treaties of 1949 were ratified, in their entirety or with reservations, by 196 countries. The Geneva Conventions concern only prisoners and non-combatants in war; they do not address the use of weapons of war, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NATO Accessory Rail
The NATO Accessory Rail (NAR), defined by NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 4694, is a rail interface system standard for mounting accessory equipments such as telescopic sights, tactical lights, laser aiming modules, night vision devices, reflex sights, foregrips, bipods and bayonets to small arms such as rifles and pistols. STANAG 4694 was approved by the NATO Army Armaments Group (NAAG), Land Capability Group 1 Dismounted Soldier (LCG1-DS) in 2009. It was published in March 2011. The NATO Accessory Rail is backwards-compatible with the STANAG 2324/MIL-STD 1913 Picatinny rail, which dates back to 3 February 1995, and was designed in conjunction with weapon specialists like Aimpoint, Beretta, Colt Firearms, FN Herstal and Heckler & Koch. The Heckler & Koch G28 designated marksman rifle features NATO Accessory Rails. Technical specifications According to the NATO Army Armaments Group the differences between the MIL-STD 1913 Picatinny rail and the STANAG 4694 are: * A me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Picatinny Rail
The Picatinny rail ( or ), or Pic rail for short, also known as a MIL-STD-1913 rail, 1913 rail or STANAG 2324 rail (cancelled), is a military standard rail interface system that provides a mounting platform for firearm accessories. It was originally used for mounting of scopes atop the receivers of larger caliber rifles. Once established, its use expanded to also attaching other accessories, such as: iron sights, tactical lights, laser aiming modules, night vision devices, reflex sights, holographic sights, foregrips, bipods, slings and bayonets. An updated version of the rail is adopted as a NATO standard as the STANAG 4694 NATO Accessory Rail. Significance Because of their many uses, Picatinny rails and accessories have replaced iron sights in the design of many firearms and available as aftermarket add-on parts for most actions that do not have them integrated, and they are also on the undersides of semi-automatic pistol frames and grips. When adding a Picat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
