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Simulium
''Simulium'' is a genus of black flies, which may transmit diseases such as onchocerciasis (river blindness). It is a large genus with several hundred species, and 41 subgenera. The flies are pool feeders. Their saliva, which contains anticoagulants, a number of enzymes and histamine, is mixed with the blood, preventing clotting until it is ingested by the fly. These bites cause localized tissue damage, and if the number of feeding flies is sufficient, their feeding may produce a blood-loss anaemia. The host's reaction to fly attacks may include systemic illness, allergic reactions or even death, presumably mediated by histamine. In humans, this systemic reaction is known as "black fly fever" and is characterized by headaches, fever, nausea, adenitis, generalized dermatitis, and allergic asthma. Systematics Subgenera: * '' Afrosimulium'' Crosskey, 1969 * '' Anasolen'' Enderlein, 1930 * '' Asiosimulium'' Takaoka & Choochote, 2005 * '' Aspathia'' Enderlein, 1935 * '' Boop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simulium Trifasciatum
''Simulium'' is a genus of black flies, which may transmit diseases such as onchocerciasis (river blindness). It is a large genus with several hundred species, and 41 subgenera. The flies are pool feeders. Their saliva, which contains anticoagulants, a number of enzymes and histamine, is mixed with the blood, preventing clotting until it is ingested by the fly. These bites cause localized tissue damage, and if the number of feeding flies is sufficient, their feeding may produce a blood-loss anaemia. The host's reaction to fly attacks may include systemic illness, allergic reactions or even death, presumably mediated by histamine. In humans, this systemic reaction is known as "black fly fever" and is characterized by headaches, fever, nausea, adenitis, generalized dermatitis, and allergic asthma. Systematics Subgenera: * '' Afrosimulium'' Crosskey, 1969 * '' Anasolen'' Enderlein, 1930 * '' Asiosimulium'' Takaoka & Choochote, 2005 * '' Aspathia'' Enderlein, 1935 * '' Boop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simulium Colombaschense
''Simulium'' is a genus of black flies, which may transmit diseases such as onchocerciasis (river blindness). It is a large genus with several hundred species, and 41 subgenera. The flies are pool feeders. Their saliva, which contains anticoagulants, a number of enzymes and histamine, is mixed with the blood, preventing clotting until it is ingested by the fly. These bites cause localized tissue damage, and if the number of feeding flies is sufficient, their feeding may produce a blood-loss anaemia. The host's reaction to fly attacks may include systemic illness, allergic reactions or even death, presumably mediated by histamine. In humans, this systemic reaction is known as "black fly fever" and is characterized by headaches, fever, nausea, adenitis, generalized dermatitis, and allergic asthma. Systematics Subgenera: * '' Afrosimulium'' Crosskey, 1969 * '' Anasolen'' Enderlein, 1930 * '' Asiosimulium'' Takaoka & Choochote, 2005 * '' Aspathia'' Enderlein, 1935 * '' Booph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simulium P1370233a
''Simulium'' is a genus of black flies, which may transmit diseases such as onchocerciasis (river blindness). It is a large genus with several hundred species, and 41 subgenera. The flies are pool feeders. Their saliva, which contains anticoagulants, a number of enzymes and histamine, is mixed with the blood, preventing clotting until it is ingested by the fly. These bites cause localized tissue damage, and if the number of feeding flies is sufficient, their feeding may produce a blood-loss anaemia. The host's reaction to fly attacks may include systemic illness, allergic reactions or even death, presumably mediated by histamine. In humans, this systemic reaction is known as "black fly fever" and is characterized by headaches, fever, nausea, adenitis, generalized dermatitis, and allergic asthma. Systematics Subgenera: * '' Afrosimulium'' Crosskey, 1969 * '' Anasolen'' Enderlein, 1930 * '' Asiosimulium'' Takaoka & Choochote, 2005 * '' Aspathia'' Enderlein, 1935 * '' Booph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simulium P1370234a
''Simulium'' is a genus of black flies, which may transmit diseases such as onchocerciasis (river blindness). It is a large genus with several hundred species, and 41 subgenera. The flies are pool feeders. Their saliva, which contains anticoagulants, a number of enzymes and histamine, is mixed with the blood, preventing clotting until it is ingested by the fly. These bites cause localized tissue damage, and if the number of feeding flies is sufficient, their feeding may produce a blood-loss anaemia. The host's reaction to fly attacks may include systemic illness, allergic reactions or even death, presumably mediated by histamine. In humans, this systemic reaction is known as "black fly fever" and is characterized by headaches, fever, nausea, adenitis, generalized dermatitis, and allergic asthma. Systematics Subgenera: * '' Afrosimulium'' Crosskey, 1969 * '' Anasolen'' Enderlein, 1930 * '' Asiosimulium'' Takaoka & Choochote, 2005 * '' Aspathia'' Enderlein, 1935 * '' Booph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onchocerciasis
Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness, is a disease caused by infection with the parasitic worm ''Onchocerca volvulus''. Symptoms include severe itching, bumps under the skin, and blindness. It is the second-most common cause of blindness due to infection, after trachoma. The parasite worm is spread by the bites of a black fly of the ''Simulium'' type. Usually, many bites are required before infection occurs. These flies live near rivers, hence the common name of the disease. Once inside a person, the worms create larvae that make their way out to the skin, where they can infect the next black fly that bites the person. There are a number of ways to make the diagnosis, including: placing a biopsy of the skin in normal saline and watching for the larva to come out; looking in the eye for larvae; and looking within the bumps under the skin for adult worms. A vaccine against the disease does not exist. Prevention is by avoiding being bitten by flies. This may include t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Günther Enderlein
Günther Enderlein (7 July 1872 – 11 August 1968) was a German zoologist, entomologist, microbiologist, researcher, physician for 60 years, and later a manufacturer of pharmaceutical products. Enderlein received international renown for his insect research, and in Germany became famous due to his concept of the pleomorphism of microorganisms and his hypotheses about the origins of cancer, based on the work of other scientists. His hypotheses about pleomorphism and cancer have now been disproved by science and have only some historical importance today . Some of his concepts, however, are still popular in alternative medicine. A blood test is named after him: ''dark field microscopy according to Enderlein''. Life Enderlein was born in Leipzig, the son of a teacher. He studied in Leipzig and Berlin and got his PhD in 1898 as a zoologist. He became professor in 1924. First he worked as assistant at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, and went later to Stettin, now Szczecin i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
