|
Silver Scurf
''Silver scurf'' is a plant disease that is caused by the plant pathogen ''Helminthosporium solani.'' Silver scurf is a blemish disease, meaning the effect it has on tubers is mostly cosmetic and affects "fresh market, processing and seed tuber potatoes." There are some reports of it affecting development, meaning growth and tuber yield. This is caused by light brown lesions, which in turn change the permeability of tuber skin and then it causes tuber shrinkage and water loss, which finally causes weight loss. The disease has become economically important because silver scurf affected potatoes for processing and direct consumption have been rejected by the industry. The disease cycle can be divided into two stages: field and storage. It is mainly a seed borne disease and the primary source of inoculum is mainly infected potato seed tubers. Symptoms develop and worsen in storage because the conditions are conducive to sporulation. The ideal conditions for the spread of this disease ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silver Scurf H
Silver is a chemical element with the symbol Ag (from the Latin ', derived from the Proto-Indo-European ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. The metal is found in the Earth's crust in the pure, free elemental form ("native silver"), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining. Silver has long been valued as a precious metal. Silver metal is used in many bullion coins, sometimes alongside gold: while it is more abundant than gold, it is much less abundant as a native metal. Its purity is typically measured on a per-mille basis; a 94%-pure alloy is described as "0.940 fine". As one of the seven metals of antiquity, silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures. Other than in curre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiabendazole
Tiabendazole (INN, BAN), also known as thiabendazole (AAN, USAN) or TBZ and the trade names Mintezol, Tresaderm, and Arbotect, is a preservative, an antifungal agent, and an antiparasitic agent. Uses Preservative Tiabendazole is used primarily to control mold, blight, and other fungal diseases in fruits (e.g. oranges) and vegetables; it is also used as a prophylactic treatment for Dutch elm disease. Tiabendazole is also used as a food additive, a preservative with E number E233 (INS number 233). For example, it is applied to bananas to ensure freshness, and is a common ingredient in the waxes applied to the skins of citrus fruits. It is not approved as a food additive in the EU, Australia and New Zealand. Use in treatment of aspergillosis has been reported. It is also used in anti-fungal wallboards as a mixture with azoxystrobin. Parasiticide As an antiparasitic, tiabendazole is able to control roundworms (such as those causing strongyloidiasis), hookworms, and other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoderma Viride
''Trichoderma viride'' is a fungus and a biofungicide. It is used for seed- and soil treatment for suppression of various diseases caused by fungal pathogens. Biology ''T. viride'' is a mold which produces spores asexually, by mitosis. It is the anamorph of ''Hypocrea rufa'', its teleomorph, which is the sexual reproductive stage of the fungus and produces a typical fungal fruiting body. The mycelium of ''T. viride'' can produce a variety of enzymes, including cellulases and chitinases which can degrade cellulose and chitin respectively. The mould can grow directly on wood, which is mostly composed of cellulose, and on fungi, the cell walls of which are mainly composed of chitin. It parasitizes the Mycelium, mycelia and fruiting bodies of other fungi, including cultivated mushrooms, and it has been called the "green mould disease of mushrooms". The affected mushrooms are distorted and unattractive in appearance and the crop is reduced. Trichoderma viride is the causal agent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoderma Harzianum
''Trichoderma harzianum'' is a fungus that is also used as a fungicide. It is used for foliar application, seed treatment and soil treatment for suppression of fungal pathogens causing various fungal plant diseases. Commercial biotechnological products such as 3Tac have been useful for treatment of '' Botrytis'', ''Fusarium'' and ''Penicillium'' sp. It is also used for manufacturing enzymes. Taxonomy and genetics Most ''Trichoderma'' strains have no sexual stage but instead produce only asexual spores. However, for a few strains the sexual stage is known, but not among strains that have usually been considered for biocontrol purposes. The sexual stage, when found, is within the Ascomycetes in the genus ''Hypocrea''. Traditional taxonomy was based upon differences in morphology, primarily of the asexual sporulation apparatus, but more molecular approaches are now being used. Consequently, the taxa recently have gone from nine to at least thirty-three species. Genetics Most stra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoderma Polysporum
''Trichoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae that is present in all soils, where they are the most prevalent culturable fungi. Many species in this genus can be characterized as opportunistic avirulent plant symbionts. This refers to the ability of several ''Trichoderma ''species to form mutualistic endophytic relationships with several plant species. The genomes of several ''Trichoderma'' species'' ''have been sequenced and are publicly available from the JGI. Taxonomy The genus was described by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1794, but the taxonomy has remained difficult to resolve. For a long time, it was considered to consist of only one species, ''Trichoderma viride'', named for producing green mold. Subdivision In 1991, Bissett divided the genus into five sections, partly based on the aggregate species described by Rifai: *''Pachybasium'' (20 species) *''Longibrachiatum'' (10 species) *''Trichoderma'' *''Saturnisporum'' (2 species) *''Hypocreanum'' Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoderma Koningii
''Trichoderma koningii'' is a very common soil dwelling saprotroph with a worldwide distribution. It has been heavily exploited for agricultural use as an effective biopesticide, having been frequently cited as an alternative biological control agent in the regulation of fungi-induced plant diseases. They are endosymbionts associated with plant root tissues, exhibiting mycoparasitism and promoting plant growth due to their capacity to produce different secondary metabolites. ''Trichoderma koningii'' is a species belonging to the genus ''Trichoderma''. Fungi in this genus are able to adapt to different ecological niches and can colonize their habitats effectively, allowing them to be powerful antagonists and biocontrol agents. Typical of ''Trichoderma'' species is having a fast growth rate and the production of green or hyaline conidia on a branched conidiophore structure. History and taxonomy ''Trichoderma koningii'' was first described by the Dutch mycologist Oudemans in 1902 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichoderma Hamatum
''Trichoderma hamatum''Bainier (1906) In: ''Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr.'' 22:131 is a species of fungus in the family Hypocreaceae. It has been used a biological control Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, such as insects, mites, weeds, and plant diseases, using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also invo ... of certain plant diseases. References External links * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q10702731 Trichoderma Biopesticides Biotechnology Biological pest control Fungi described in 1906 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acremonium Strictum
''Acremonium strictum'' is an environmentally widespread saprotroph species found in soil, plant debris, and rotting mushrooms. Isolates have been collected in North and Central America, Asia, Europe and Egypt. ''A. strictum'' is an agent of hyalohyphomycosis Hyalohyphomycosis is a group of opportunistic mycotic infections caused by nondematiaceous molds, and may be contrasted with phaeohyphomycosis. A hyalohyphomycetes example is ''Fusarium''. See also * ''Acremonium ''Acremonium'' is a genus ... and has been identified as an increasingly frequent human pathogen in immunosuppressed individuals, causing localized, disseminated and invasive infections. Although extremely rare, ''A. strictum'' can infect immunocompetent individuals, as well as neonates. Due to the growing number of infections caused by ''A. strictum'' in the past few years, the need for new medical techniques in the identification of the fungus as well as for the treatment of human infections has risen con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Tuberosum
The potato is a starch#Food, starchy food, a tuber of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'' and is a root vegetable native to the Americas. The plant is a perennial plant, perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Wild potato species can be found from the southern United States to southern Chile. The potato was originally believed to have been domesticated by Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Native Americans independently in multiple locations,University of Wisconsin-Madison, ''Finding rewrites the evolutionary history of the origin of potatoes'' (2005/ref> but later genetic studies traced a single origin, in the area of present-day southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia. Potatoes were Domestication, domesticated there approximately 7,000–10,000 years ago, from a species in the ''Solanum brevicaule'' complex. Lay summary: In the Andes region of South America, where the species is Indigenous species, indigenous, some close relatives of the potato are cultivated. P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Aculae
''Solanum'' is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance: the potato, the tomato and the eggplant (aubergine, brinjal). It is the largest genus in the nightshade family Solanaceae, comprising around 1,500 species. It also contains the so-called horse nettles (unrelated to the genus of true nettles, ''Urtica''), as well as numerous plants cultivated for their ornamental flowers and fruit. ''Solanum'' species show a wide range of growth habits, such as annuals and perennials, vines, subshrubs, shrubs, and small trees. Many formerly independent genera like ''Lycopersicon'' (the tomatoes) and ''Cyphomandra'' are now included in ''Solanum'' as subgenera or sections. Thus, the genus today contains roughly 1,500–2,000 species. Name The generic name was first used by Pliny the Elder (AD 23–79) for a plant also known as , most likely ''S. nigrum''. Its derivation is uncertain, possibly stemming from the Latin word , me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Chacoense
''Solanum chacoense'' is a species of wild potato. It is native to South America, where it can be found in Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, Peru, Uruguay, and Paraguay. It "is one of the most widely distributed wild potato species."Miller, J. T. and D. M. Spooner. (1996)Introgression of ''Solanum chacoense'' (''Solanum'' sect. ''Petota''): Upland populations reexamined.''Systematic Botany'' 21(4) 461-75. It grows as a common weed in disturbed habitat such as crop fields.Simon, R., et al. (2010)Wild and cultivated potato (''Solanum'' sect. ''Petota'') escaped and persistent outside its natural range.''Invasive Plant Science and Management'' 3 286-93. It can also be found in Australia, China, the United States, England, New Zealand, and elsewhere as an introduced species. This plant has been extensively researched in the quest to find ways to improve its relative, the cultivated potato (''Solanum tuberosum''). It is sexually compatible with the common potato. It was likely introduced to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Demissum
''Solanum demissum'' is a species of wild potato in the family Solanaceae, native to Mexico and Guatemala. It has been extensively used as a source of alleles for resistance to ''Phytophthora infestans'', the cause of late potato blight, to improve the domestic potato ''Solanum tuberosum''. References Solanum, demissum Flora of Mexico Flora of Guatemala Plants described in 1848 {{potato-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
