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Stroke Ratio
In a reciprocating piston engine, the stroke ratio, defined by either bore/stroke ratio or stroke/bore ratio, is a term to describe the ratio between cylinder bore diameter and piston stroke length. This can be used for either an internal combustion engine, where the fuel is burned within the cylinders of the engine, or external combustion engine, such as a steam engine, where the combustion of the fuel takes place ''outside'' the working cylinders of the engine. A fairly comprehensive yet understandable study of stroke/bore effects was published in ''Horseless Age'', 1916. Conventions In a piston engine, there are two different ways of describing the ''stroke ratio'' of its cylinders, namely: ''bore/stroke'' ratio, and ''stroke/bore'' ratio. Bore/stroke ratio Bore/stroke is the more commonly used term, with usage in North America, Europe, United Kingdom, Asia, and Australia. The diameter of the cylinder bore is divided by the length of the piston stroke to give the rati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bore Stroke Ratio Animation
Bore or Bores often refer to: *Boredom * Drill Relating to holes * Boring (manufacturing), a machining process that enlarges a hole ** Bore (engine), the diameter of a cylinder in a piston engine or a steam locomotive ** Bore (wind instruments), the interior chamber of a wind instrument ** Gauge (firearms), the inner diameter of the barrel of a firearm ** Nominal bore, a pipe size standard ** Water well, known as a bore in Australia Places * Bore (woreda), a district of Ethiopia that includes the town of Bore * Bore, Emilia-Romagna, a commune in Emilia-Romagna, Italy * Boré, Mali, a village in Dangol Boré commune in the Mopti Region of Mali * Bore, Norway, a small village in Klepp municipality in Rogaland county, Norway * Bore Track, a track in the South Australian outback * Bore Valley, South Georgia, Antarctica People * Bore (surname) * Francisco Bores (1898–1972), Spanish artist Maritime shipping * Steamship Company Bore, a Finnish company that operated for a time with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford 335 Engine
The Ford 335 engine family was a group of engines built by the Ford Motor Company between 1969 and 1982. The "335" designation reflected Ford management's decision to produce an engine of that size (335 cubic inches) with room for expansion during its development. This engine family began production in late 1969 with a 351 cu in (5.8 L) engine, commonly called the 351C. It later expanded to include a 400 cu in (6.6 L) engine which used a taller version of the engine block, commonly referred to as a tall deck engine block, a 351 cu in (5.8 L) tall deck variant, called the 351M, and a 302 cu in (4.9 L) engine which was exclusive to Australia. The 351C, introduced in 1969 for the 1970 model year, is commonly referred to as the 351 Cleveland after the Brook Park, Ohio, Cleveland Engine plant in which most of these engines were manufactured. This plant complex included a gray iron foundry (Cleveland Casting Plant), and two engi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saab Automobile
Saab Automobile AB () is a defunct automotive industry, car manufacturer that was founded in Sweden in 1945 when its parent company, Saab AB, began a project to design a small automobile. The first production model, the Saab 92, was launched in 1949. In 1968 the parent company merged with Scania-Vabis, and ten years later the Saab 900 was launched, in time becoming Saab's best-selling model. In the mid-1980s the new Saab 9000 model also appeared. In 1989, the automobile division of Saab-Scania was restructured into an independent company, Saab Automobile AB. The American manufacturer General Motors (GM) took 50 percent ownership. Two well-known models to come out of this period were the Saab 9-3 and the Saab 9-5. Then in 2000, GM exercised its option to acquire the remaining 50 percent. In 2010 GM sold Saab Automobile AB to the Dutch automobile manufacturer Spyker Cars N.V. After many years establishing a sound engineering reputation and ultimately a luxury car, luxury price t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
V8 Engine
A V8 engine is an eight-cylinder piston engine in which two banks of four cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. The first V8 engine was produced by the French Antoinette company in 1904, developed and used in cars and speedboats but primarily aircraft; while the American 1914–1935 ''Cadillac L-Head'' engine is considered the first road going V8 engine to be mass produced in significant quantities. The popularity of V8 engines in cars was greatly increased following the 1932 introduction of the ''Ford Flathead V8''. In the early 21st century, use of V8 engines in passenger vehicles declined as automobile manufacturers opted for more fuel efficient, lower capacity engines, or hybrid and electric drivetrains. Design V-angle The majority of V8 engines use a V-angle (the angle between the two banks of cylinders) of 90 degrees. This angle results in good engine balance, which results in low vibrations; however, the downside is a larg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maserati Shamal
The Maserati Shamal (''Tipo AM339'') is a two-door grand touring coupé produced by Italian automobile manufacturer Maserati from 1990 to 1996. In keeping with an established Maserati tradition, it is named after a wind: shamal (Arabic for ‘north’), a hot summer wind that blows in large areas of Mesopotamia, particularly in the large plain between the Tigris and Euphrates. With its newly developed twin-turbocharged V8, the Shamal was Maserati's flagship grand tourer, topping the lineup of V6-engined Biturbo coupés in both performance and price (at 125 million Lire). History The Shamal was introduced on 14 December 1989 in Modena, when Maserati president and owner Alejandro de Tomaso showed it to the press. It was the last model announced under the De Tomaso ownership: in January 1990, half of debt-plagued Maserati was acquired by Fiat S.p.A. Sales began in 1990. The final year of production for the Maserati Shamal was 1996; factory figures indicate that 369 examples were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nissan SR Engine
The SR engine is a series of , or straight-four, four-stroke gasoline engines manufactured by Nissan. It has an aluminum head and cast-iron block with steel sleeves and has a DOHC 4-valve design, with variable valve timing on select models. The engine was used in many small to medium Nissan vehicles, including high-performance turbocharged variants. It was designed by Nissan as a replacement of the earlier CA series of engines, and was replaced by the QR and MR series of engines. Power outputs are shown under JIS Net PS or ECE Net kilowatts unless otherwise indicated. SR16VE The SR16VE has Nissan's Neo VVL variable valve timing with lift control. It produces at 7800 rpm and at 7200 rpm. Redline is at 8300 rpm. Bore and stroke is with a 11.0:1 compression ratio. This engine was never used on the USDM counterpart of the B14 Lucino, the B14 Nissan 200SX, as it uses the 1.6 L GA16DE and 2.0 L SR20DE engines instead. It is used in the following vehicle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nissan Motors
, trading as Nissan Motor Corporation and often shortened to Nissan, is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan. The company sells its vehicles under the Nissan, Infiniti, and Datsun brands, with in-house performance tuning products (including cars) labelled Nismo. The company traces back to the beginnings of the 20th century, with the Nissan ''zaibatsu'', now called Nissan Group. Since 1999, Nissan has been part of the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance (Mitsubishi joining in 2016), a partnership between Nissan and Mitsubishi Motors of Japan, with Renault of France. , Renault holds a 43.4% voting stake in Nissan, while Nissan holds a 15% non-voting stake in Renault. Since October 2016 Nissan has held a 34% controlling stake in Mitsubishi Motors. In 2013, Nissan was the sixth largest automaker in the world, after Toyota, General Motors, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, and Ford. In 2014, Nissan was the largest car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C20NE
The Family II is a straight-4 piston engine that was originally developed by Opel in the 1970s, debuting in 1979. Available in a wide range of cubic capacities ranging from 1598 to 2405 cc, it simultaneously replaced the Opel OHV, Opel CIH and Vauxhall Slant-4 engines, and was GM Europe's core powerplant design for much of the 1980s. The engine features a cast iron block, an aluminium head, and a timing belt driven valvetrain. The timing belt also drives the water pump. It was first used in the Opel Kadett D, Ascona B, Corsa, and their corresponding Vauxhall sister models, the Astra, Cavalier, and Nova. Many General Motors subsidiaries, including Daewoo, GM do Brasil, GM Powertrain, and Holden have used this design. By 1986, the Family II unit had completely supplanted the CIH engine as Opel's core 4-cylinder powerplant. although the 6-cylinder versions of the CIH continued in the larger Omega and Senator models until 1995. In 2004, a 2.0 L ''MultiPower'' engine was ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mazda F Engine
The F engine family from Mazda is a mid-sized inline-four piston engine with iron block, alloy head and belt-driven SOHC and DOHC configurations. Introduced in 1983 as the 1.6-litre F6, this engine was found in the Mazda B-Series truck and Mazda G platform models such as Mazda 626/Capella as well as many other models internationally including Mazda Bongo and Ford Freda clone, Mazda B-series based Ford Courier, Mazda 929 HC and the GD platform-based Ford Probe There were four basic head types within the F range, the diesel SOHC 8-valve (R-series), the petrol SOHC 8-valve, petrol SOHC 12-valve, and the petrol DOHC 16-valve. These heads came attached to multiple variations of the different blocks and strokes. Only the petrol 8-valve and 12-valve shared the same gasket pattern. It was built at the Miyoshi Plant in Miyoshi, Hiroshima, Japan. Predecessors (VB/VC/MA/F) These engines are only the predecessors to the F-series engines, in no other way related. They were fitted to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mazda
, commonly referred to as simply Mazda, is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Fuchū, Hiroshima, Japan. In 2015, Mazda produced 1.5 million vehicles for global sales, the majority of which (nearly one million) were produced in the company's Japanese plants, with the remainder coming from a variety of other plants worldwide. During this time, Mazda was the 15th-largest automaker in terms of production globally. History Creation Mazda began as the Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd, as a cork-making factory founded in Hiroshima, Japan, 30 January 1920. Toyo Cork Kogyo renamed itself to Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. in 1927. In the late 1920s the company had to be saved from bankruptcy by Hiroshima Saving Bank and other business leaders in Hiroshima. In 1931, Toyo Kogyo moved from manufacturing machine tools to vehicles with the introduction of the Mazda-Go auto rickshaw. The name ''Mazda'' came into existence with the production of the company's fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honda CMX250C
The Honda CMX250, or Rebel 250 or Honda Peronist, is a cruiser-style motorcycle made by Honda on and off since 1985. It uses the same straight-twin engine as the Honda Nighthawk 250 standard. The Rebel is part of the CM series of cruisers. It is commonly used in the Motorcycle Safety Foundation's certified rider-training courses. The Rebel's fuel consumption averages . The 1996 Rebel had the best fuel economy, , of the 352 past and current models tested in the 2010 ''Motorcycle Consumer News'' (MCN) Performance Index. By 2012, the 1996 Rebel's fuel economy had been exceeded by several models on the MCN Performance Index, led by the Yamaha Virago 250 at . Its maximum speed is , and time is 11.86 seconds, with a time of 17.86 seconds at . Its wet weight is . It has a single disc brake in the front and a drum in the rear. The only gauge is a speedometer that includes gear recommendations based on speed; there is no tachometer. The transmission is a standard down-1st, up-2nd to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honda Nighthawk 250
The Honda Nighthawk 250 is a Honda Types of motorcycles#Standard, standard motorcycle. It has a air-cooled Straight-twin engine, parallel-twin engine. While the first Nighthawk (CB650) was manufactured in 1982, the first 250 Nighthawk was manufactured in 1991. It utilized the 1985–87 CMX250 Rebel engine with all new wiring and components and reshaped the Rebel cylinder head slightly as well as incorporating a larger carburetor and new valve cover. The motorcycle changed little over the years except for color. The Nighthawk 250 is essentially a light, maneuverable, inexpensive, economical, and easy to maintain bike. It is often used in Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) motorcycle training. Its small size and low seat make it a popular model for riders of smaller stature. It has drum brakes and spoked wheels at front and rear, though later models in the Australian, U.K. and Japanese markets upgraded to front disc brakes and alloy wheels. In contrast to the Honda CMX250C, Hond ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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