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Retama
''Retama'' (also known as ''rotem'', he, רותם) is a genus of flowering bushes in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the broom tribe, Genisteae. ''Retama'' broom bushes are found natively in North Africa, the Levant and some parts of southern Europe. ''Retama raetam'' and ''Retama monosperma'' have white flowers, while ''Retama sphaerocarpa'' has yellow flowers. It remains an open question in taxonomy whether the members of the genus ''Retama'' should be incorporated into the genus ''Genista'' (see Genisteae). The species contain cytisine, a toxic alkaloid. In the Spanish language the name ''retama'' is commonly used for broom bushes in general, including the genus ''Retama''. Taxonomy The genus ''Retama'' was erected in 1838 by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, the genus name being derived from the Arabic name. Rafinesque noted that the genus had been included in other genera, including ''Spartium'', ''Cytisus'' and ''Genista'', but he regarded it as distinct. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retama Dasycarpa
''Retama'' (also known as ''rotem'', he, רותם) is a genus of flowering bushes in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the broom tribe, Genisteae. ''Retama'' broom bushes are found natively in North Africa, the Levant and some parts of southern Europe. ''Retama raetam'' and ''Retama monosperma'' have white flowers, while ''Retama sphaerocarpa'' has yellow flowers. It remains an open question in taxonomy whether the members of the genus ''Retama'' should be incorporated into the genus ''Genista'' (see Genisteae). The species contain cytisine, a toxic alkaloid. In the Spanish language the name ''retama'' is commonly used for broom bushes in general, including the genus ''Retama''. Taxonomy The genus ''Retama'' was erected in 1838 by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, the genus name being derived from the Arabic name. Rafinesque noted that the genus had been included in other genera, including ''Spartium'', ''Cytisus'' and ''Genista'', but he regarded it as distinct. The n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retama Sphaerocarpa
''Retama'' (also known as ''rotem'', he, רותם) is a genus of flowering bushes in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the broom tribe, Genisteae. ''Retama'' broom bushes are found natively in North Africa, the Levant and some parts of southern Europe. ''Retama raetam'' and ''Retama monosperma'' have white flowers, while ''Retama sphaerocarpa'' has yellow flowers. It remains an open question in taxonomy whether the members of the genus ''Retama'' should be incorporated into the genus ''Genista'' (see Genisteae). The species contain cytisine, a toxic alkaloid. In the Spanish language the name ''retama'' is commonly used for broom bushes in general, including the genus ''Retama''. Taxonomy The genus ''Retama'' was erected in 1838 by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, the genus name being derived from the Arabic name. Rafinesque noted that the genus had been included in other genera, including ''Spartium'', ''Cytisus'' and ''Genista'', but he regarded it as distinct. The n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retama Rhodorhizoides
''Retama rhodorhizoides'' is a species or subspecies of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, endemic to the Canary Islands. Taxonomy ''Retama rhodorhizoides'' was first described by Philip Barker-Webb and Sabin Berthelot in a work dated to 1836–1850 that was initially published in parts. An illustration of the species, first published in 1837, was labelled ''Genista rhodorhizoides''. When the authors published a Latin description in 1842, they transferred the species to ''Retama''. The species is included in ''Retama monosperma'' by some sources, and, according to the African Plants Database, has been incorrectly identified as ''Retama raetam'' by others. ''Retama rhodorhizoides'' is restricted to the Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc .... Referen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retama Monosperma
''Retama monosperma'', the bridal broom or bridal veil broom, is a flowering bush species in the genus ''Retama'', native to the western Mediterranean Basin (from Portugal, Morocco and Canary Islands to Italy and Egypt). ''Retama monosperma'' forms root nodules with '' Ensifer fredii''. The larvae of the moths '' Phyllonorycter hesperiella'' and '' Phyllonorycter spartocytisi'' feed on ''R. monosperma''. The seeds contain cytisine, a toxic alkaloid. Fifteen other quinolizidine and three dipiperidine alkaloids can also be isolated from different parts of the plant. In particular, the presence of (+)-sparteine Sparteine is a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent; a sodium channel blocker. It is an alkaloid and can be extracted from scotch broom. It is the predominant alkaloid in '' Lupinus mutabilis'', and is thought to chelate the bivalent cations calcium and ..., α- and β- isosparteine, (+)-17- oxosparteine, (-)- lupanine, 5,6-dehydrolupanine, (-)- anagyrine, (-)- N-methylcytis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retama Raetam
''Retama raetam'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to northern Africa from the Western Sahara to Sudan, Sicily, Israel, Sinai Peninsula, the Palestine region and Saudi Arabia, and widely naturalized elsewhere. File:Osmia gracilicornis male 1.jpg, Flowers with pollinating bee, '' Osmia gracilicornis'' Taxonomy The species was first described in 1775 by Peter Forsskål as ''Genista raetam''. The epithet was derived from the Hebrew name from the Hebrew Bible. Retama raetam is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, in Books of Kings and in Book of Job. the Hebrew name is "Rotem", and the translated name is "Broom tree". . The species was transferred to ''Retama'' by Philip Barker-Webb and Sabin Berthelot in part of a publication that has been dated to 1842. The species that occurs in the Canary Islands is now considered to be ''Retama rhodorhizoides ''Retama rhodorhizoides'' is a species or subspecies of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, endemic to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genista
Genista is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae, native to open habitats such as moorland and pasture in Europe and western Asia. They include species commonly called broom, though the term may also refer to other genera, including ''Cytisus'' and ''Chamaecytisus''. Brooms in other genera are sometimes considered synonymous with ''Genista'': ''Echinospartum'', ''Retama'', ''Spartium'', ''Stauracanthus'', and ''Ulex''. Description They are mainly deciduous shrubs and trees, often with brush-like foliage, often spiny to deter grazing, and masses of small, pea-like yellow blooms which are sometimes fragrant. Many of the species have flowers that open explosively when alighted on by an insect, the style flying through the upper seam of the keel and striking the underside of the insect, followed by a shower of pollen that coats the insect. The name of the Plantagenet royal line, which reigned in England from 1154 to 1485, is derived from this genus, being a dia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spartium
''Spartium junceum'', known as Spanish broom, rush broom, or weaver's broom, it is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and the sole species in the genus ''Spartium''. It is closely related to the other brooms (in the genera ''Cytisus'' and ''Genista''). Taxonomy The Greek name ''Spartium'' given to the genus denotes the use of the plant for ' cordage'. The Latin specific epithet ''junceum'' means "rush-like", referring to the shoots, which show a passing resemblance to those of the rush genus ''Juncus''. Distribution and habitat This species is native to the Mediterranean in southern Europe, southwest Asia and northwest Africa, where it is found in sunny sites, usually on dry, sandy soils. Description ''Spartium junceum'' is a vigorous, deciduous shrub growing to tall, rarely , with main stems up to thick, rarely . It has thick, somewhat succulent grey-green rush-like shoots with very sparse small deciduous leaves 1 to 3 cm long and up to 4 mm broad. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fabaceae
The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. Article 18.5 states: "The following names, of long usage, are treated as validly published: ....Leguminosae (nom. alt.: Fabaceae; type: Faba Mill. Vicia L.; ... When the Papilionaceae are regarded as a family distinct from the remainder of the Leguminosae, the name Papilionaceae is conserved against Leguminosae." English pronunciations are as follows: , and . commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, are a large and agriculturally important of |
Broom (shrub)
Genisteae is a tribe of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants in the subfamily Faboideae of the family Fabaceae. It includes a number of well-known plants including broom, lupine (lupin), gorse and laburnum. The tribe's greatest diversity is in the Mediterranean, and most genera are native to Europe, Africa, the Canary Islands, India and southwest Asia. However, the largest genus, ''Lupinus'', is most diverse in North and South America. ''Anarthrophytum'' and ''Sellocharis'' are also South American and ''Argyrolobium'' ranges into India. Description The Genisteae arose 32.3 ± 2.9 million years ago (in the Oligocene). The members of this tribe consistently form a monophyletic clade in molecular phylogenetic analyses. The tribe does not currently have a node-based definition, but several morphological synapomorphies have been identified: … bilabiate calyces with a bifid upper lip and a trifid lower lip, … the lack of an aril, or the presence of an aril but on the sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genisteae
Genisteae is a tribe of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants in the subfamily Faboideae of the family Fabaceae. It includes a number of well-known plants including broom, lupine (lupin), gorse and laburnum. The tribe's greatest diversity is in the Mediterranean, and most genera are native to Europe, Africa, the Canary Islands, India and southwest Asia. However, the largest genus, ''Lupinus'', is most diverse in North and South America. ''Anarthrophytum'' and ''Sellocharis'' are also South American and ''Argyrolobium'' ranges into India. Description The Genisteae arose 32.3 ± 2.9 million years ago (in the Oligocene). The members of this tribe consistently form a monophyletic clade in molecular phylogenetic analyses. The tribe does not currently have a node-based definition, but several morphological synapomorphies have been identified: … bilabiate calyces with a bifid upper lip and a trifid lower lip, … the lack of an aril, or the presence of an aril but on the shor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytisine
Cytisine, also known as baptitoxine, cytisinicline, or sophorine, is an alkaloid that occurs naturally in several plant genera, such as ''Laburnum'' and ''Cytisus'' of the family Fabaceae. It has been used medically to help with smoking cessation. Although widely used for smoking cessation in Eastern Europe, cytisine remains relatively unknown beyond it. However, it has been found effective in several randomized clinical trials, including some in the United States and a large one in New Zealand, and is being investigated in additional trials in the United States (being conducted by Achieve Life Sciences) and a non-inferiority trial in Australia in which it is being compared head-to-head with the smoking cessation aid varenicline (sold in the United States as Chantix). It has also been used entheogenically via mescalbeans by some Native American groups, historically in the Rio Grande Valley predating even peyote. Sources Cytisine is extracted from the seeds of ''Cytisus la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilionoideae
The Faboideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. An acceptable alternative name for the subfamily is Papilionoideae, or Papilionaceae when this group of plants is treated as a family. This subfamily is widely distributed, and members are adapted to a wide variety of environments. Faboideae may be trees, shrubs, or herbaceous plants. Members include the pea, the sweet pea, the laburnum, and other legumes. The pea-shaped flowers are characteristic of the Faboideae subfamily and root nodulation is very common. Genera The type genus, ''Faba'', is a synonym of ''Vicia'', and is listed here as ''Vicia''. *''Abrus'' *''Acmispon'' *''Acosmium'' *'' Adenocarpus'' *'' Adenodolichos'' *'' Adesmia'' *'' Aenictophyton'' *''Aeschynomene'' *'' Afgekia'' *''Aganope'' *'' Airyantha'' *''Aldina'' *''Alexa'' *''Alhagi'' *'' Alistilus'' *'' Almaleea'' *'' Alysicarpus'' *'' Amburana'' *''Amicia'' *'' Ammodendron'' *'' Ammopiptanthus'' *'' Ammothamnus'' *'' Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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