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Resisting Arrest
Resisting arrest, or simply resisting, is an illegal act of a suspected criminal either fleeing, threatening, assaulting, or providing a fake ID to a police officer during arrest. In most cases, the person responsible for resisting arrest is criminally charged or taken to court. Brazil The Brazilian penal code states resistance to arrest is "opposition to the execution of a legal act, by means of violence or threat towards a competent official executing it, or to who is assisting them". The penalty is from 1 to 3 years of imprisonment. Any damage caused by the violence used shall also be charged to the offender. Canada The Criminal Code has two provisions covering resisting arrest. Section 129(a) makes it an offence for anyone who "resists or wilfully obstructs a public officer or peace officer in the execution of their duty or any person lawfully acting in aid of such an officer". Section 270(1) makes it an offence for anyone who "(a) assaults a public officer or peace officer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrest
An arrest is the act of apprehending and taking a person into custody (legal protection or control), usually because the person has been suspected of or observed committing a crime. After being taken into custody, the person can be questioned further and/or charged. An arrest is a procedure in a criminal justice system, sometimes it is also done after a court warrant for the arrest. Police and various other officers have powers of arrest. In some places, a citizen's arrest is permitted; for example in England and Wales, any person can arrest "anyone whom he has reasonable grounds for suspecting to be committing, have committed or be guilty of committing an indictable offence", although certain conditions must be met before taking such action. Similar powers exist in France, Italy, Germany, Austria and Switzerland if a person is caught in an act of crime and not willing or able to produce valid ID. As a safeguard against the abuse of power, many countries require that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Use Of Force
The use of force, in the context of law enforcement, may be defined as the "amount of effort required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling subject". Use of force doctrines can be employed by law enforcement officers and military personnel on guard duty. The aim of such doctrines is to balance the needs of security with ethical concerns for the rights and well-being of intruders or suspects. Injuries to civilians tend to focus attention on self-defense as a justification and, in the event of death, the notion of justifiable homicide. For the English law on the use of force in crime prevention, see Self-defence in English law. The Australian position on the use of troops for civil policing is set out by Michael Hood in ''Calling Out the Troops: Disturbing Trends and Unanswered Questions''; compare "Use of Deadly Force by the South African Police Services Re-visited" by Malebo Keebine-Sibanda and Omphemetse Sibanda. History Use of force dates back to the beginning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania; and on the southwest by Delaware Bay and the state of Delaware. At , New Jersey is the fifth-smallest state in land area; but with close to 9.3 million residents, it ranks 11th in population and first in population density. The state capital is Trenton, and the most populous city is Newark. With the exception of Warren County, all of the state's 21 counties lie within the combined statistical areas of New York City or Philadelphia. New Jersey was first inhabited by Native Americans for at least 2,800 years, with the Lenape being the dominant group when Europeans arrived in the early 17th century. Dutch and Swedish colonists founded the first European settlements in the state. The British later seized control o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contempt Of Cop
"Contempt of cop" is law enforcement jargon in the United States for behavior by people toward law enforcement officers that the officers perceive as disrespectful or insufficiently deferential to their authority. It is a play on the phrase ''contempt of court'', and is not an actual offense. The phrase is associated with unlawful arbitrary arrest and detention of individuals, often for expressing or exercising rights guaranteed to them by the United States Constitution. Contempt of cop is often discussed in connection to police misconduct such as use of excessive force or even police brutalityLawrence48 as a reaction to perceived disrespectful behavior rather than for any legitimate law enforcement purpose.Collins51/ref> Arrests for contempt of cop may stem from a type of "occupational arrogance" when a police officer thinks his or her authority cannot or should not be challenged or questioned. From such officers' perspective, contempt of cop may involve perceived or actual challe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plummer V
Plummer may refer to: Places Communities *Plummer, Idaho, United States *Plummer, Indiana, United States *Plummer, Minnesota, United States *Plummer Additional, Ontario, Canada Buildings *Plummer Building, Rochester, Minnesota, United States * Plummer Memorial Library, Newton, Massachusetts, United States Streets and parks *Plummer Park, West Hollywood, California, United States * Plummer Avenue, historic district in New Waterford, Nova Scotia, Canada Natural landmarks *Plummer (crater), impact crater on the Moon *Plummer Glacier, Heritage Range, Antarctica * Plummer Peak, Tatoosh Range, Washington, United States Medicine *Plummer's nail, separation of the nail from the nail bed * Plummer syndrome, development of a toxic nodular goiter *Plummer–Vinson syndrome, a human disorder linked to iron deficiency anemia *Henry Stanley Plummer, an American internist and endocrinologist Other *Plummer (surname) *Plummer block, method of mounting bearings on a rotating shaft * Plummer Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Probable Cause
In United States criminal law, probable cause is the standard by which police authorities have reason to obtain a warrant for the arrest of a suspected criminal or the issuing of a search warrant. There is no universally accepted definition or formulation for probable cause. One traditional definition, which comes from the U.S. Supreme Court's 1964 decision '' Beck v. Ohio'', is when "whether at he moment of arrestthe facts and circumstances within n officer'sknowledge and of which they had reasonably trustworthy information resufficient to warrant a prudent ersonin believing that suspecthad committed or was committing an offense." It is also the standard by which grand juries issue criminal indictments. The principle behind the standard is to limit the power of authorities to perform random or abusive searches ( unlawful search and seizure), and to promote lawful evidence gathering and procedural form during criminal arrest and prosecution. The standard also applies to per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-points Bulletin
An all-points bulletin (APB) is an electronic information broadcast sent from one sender to a group of recipients, to rapidly communicate an important message.Reiter, E. (1970). Police strive to provide protection machines lend valuable assistance. Rotunda. 48(9) 1–3. The technology used to send this broadcast has varied throughout time, and includes teletype, radio, computerised bulletin board systems (CBBS), and the Internet. The earliest known record of the all-points bulletin is when used by United States police, which dates the term to 1947. Although, used in the field of policing at the time, the APB has had usage in fields such as politics, technology and science research. However, since the 21st century, due to advances in technology, all-points bulletins have become significantly less common and are now only primarily used by police departments in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom. Technological functionality Pre-21st ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fugitive
A fugitive (or runaway) is a person who is fleeing from custody, whether it be from jail, a government arrest, government or non-government questioning, vigilante violence, or outraged private individuals. A fugitive from justice, also known as a wanted person, can be a person who is either convicted or accused of a crime and hiding from law enforcement in the state or taking refuge in a different country in order to avoid arrest. A fugitive from justice alternatively has been defined as a person formally charged with a crime or a convicted criminal whose punishment has not yet been determined or fully served who is currently beyond the custody or control of the national or sub-national government or international criminal tribunal with an interest in their arrest. This latter definition adopts the perspective of the pursuing government or tribunal, recognizing that the charged (versus escaped) individual does not necessarily realize that they are officially a wanted person ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obstructing Government Administration
Obstruction may refer to: Places * Obstruction Island, in Washington state * Obstruction Islands, east of New Guinea Medicine * Obstructive jaundice * Obstructive sleep apnea * Airway obstruction, a respiratory problem ** Recurrent airway obstruction * Bowel obstruction, a blockage of the intestines. * Gastric outlet obstruction * Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome * Congenital lacrimal duct obstruction * Bladder outlet obstruction Politics and law * Obstruction of justice, the crime of interfering with law enforcement * Obstructionism, the practice of deliberately delaying or preventing a process or change, especially in politics * Emergency Workers (Obstruction) Act 2006 Science and mathematics * Obstruction set in forbidden graph characterizations, in the study of graph minors in graph theory * Obstruction theory, in mathematics * Propagation path obstruction ** Single Vegetative Obstruction Model Sports * Obstruction (baseball), when a fielder illegally hinders a bas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vagrancy Act 1824
The Vagrancy Act 1824 (5 Geo. 4. c. 83) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that makes it an offence to sleep rough or beg in England and Wales. It is still mostly in force and enforceable. Critics, including William Wilberforce, condemned the Act for being a catch-all offence because it did not consider the circumstances as to why an individual might be placed in such a predicament. Background The law was enacted to deal with the increasing numbers of homeless and penniless urban poor in England and Wales following the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815. Nine years after the Battle of Waterloo the British Army and Royal Navy had both undergone a massive reduction in size, leaving large numbers of discharged soldiers and sailors without an occupation or accommodation. Many were living rough on the streets or in makeshift camps. At the same time a massive influx of economic migrants from Ireland and Scotland arrived in England, especially into London, in se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penal Code Of Brazil
The current Penal Code of Brazil ( pt, Código Penal brasileiro) was promulgated in 1940, during the Estado Novo regime in the Vargas Era, and is in effect since January 1, 1942. It is the third codification of criminal law in the country's history, succeeding those of 1830 and 1890. One notable feature of the document is the inclusion of libel as a crime. History Previous penal codes The first penal law in independent Brazil was the imperial Criminal Code of 1830, issued on December 16, 1830 and approved by Emperor Pedro I. The General Assembly of the Empire determined that any offense or voluntary omission to the Code was to be considered a crime. The Criminal Code of 1830 was in force during the Empire. After the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, a new penal code was created on October 11, 1890, followed by a new constitution in 1891. This penal code was in effect during the First Republic and most of the Vargas Era. Current penal code In 1934, a new constitution was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Police Act 1996
The Police Act 1996c 16 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which defined the current police areas in England and Wales, constituted police authorities for those areas, and set out the relationship between the Home Secretary and the English and Welsh territorial police forces. It replaced the Police and Magistrates' Courts Act 1994, which in turn had replaced the Police Act 1964. Contents Part I Organisation of Police Forces Sections 1 to 35 concern the national and regional organisation of the police force, with slightly differently applicable rules inside and outside London. Part II Central Supervision, Direction and Facilities Sections 36 to 58 concern the functions of the Secretary of State in setting the police forces' objectives, handling budgets, and making more detailed regulations. Part III Police Representative Institutions Sections 59 to 64 concern the Police Federation of England and Wales and related rules. Section 64 contains the prohibition (in pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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