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Refuge Castle
A refuge castleCreighton, Oliver (2015). ''Early European Castles''. Bloomsbury. or refuge fort (german: Fliehburg, also ''Fluchtburg'', ''Volksburg'', ''Bauernburg'' or ''Vryburg'') is a castle-like defensive location, usually surrounded by ramparts, that is not permanently occupied but acts as a temporary retreat for the local population when threatened by war or attack. In former times such sites were also described as giant castles (German: ''Hünenburgen'') because their origin was ascribed to giants. History In Europe a multitude of large protohistoric sites surrounded by earthworks has been uncovered by archaeological excavations, many over 100 metres in diameter, that are understood to be refuge castles. Amongst ancient historical references to them are the refuge castles of the Gauls described by Caesar as '' oppida'', although they could also be permanent settlements. Similar ringwork (''Ringwall'') systems were built by the various Germanic and Slavic tribes, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. The art of conducting and resisting sieges is called siege warfare, siegecraft, or poliorcetics. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as " investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiehen Hills
The Wiehen Hills (german: Wiehengebirge, , also locally, just ''Wiehen'') are a hill range in North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony in Germany. The hills run from west to east like a long finger away from the main upland area of the Lower Saxon Hills, beginning at the Weser River near Minden and terminating in the vicinity of Osnabrück. It is the northernmost of the German Central Upland ranges extending into the Northern Lowlands. Their highest hill is the Heidbrink near Lübbecke with an altitude of . Location The Wiehen Hills lie within the districts of Osnabrück, Minden-Lübbecke and Herford. Their northern section runs in an east-west direction roughly from the territory of Bramsche (northwest of Osnabrück) via Ostercappeln, Bad Essen, Preußisch Oldendorf and Rödinghausen, Lübbecke, Hüllhorst and Bad Oeynhausen as far as the towns of Minden and Porta Westfalica on the Porta Westfalica gorge and River Weser. They also graze Bohmte and Hille to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babilonie
The Babilonie is a hillfort of the La Tène culture at a height of 255.6 metres above sea level on the northern edge of a rounded hill in the Wiehen Hills above the Lübbecke village of Obermehnen in the district of Minden-Lübbecke in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The name is derived from the Germanic ''baben'' in the ''lon'' i.e. "up in the woods". The wedge-shaped, double-rampart system, which descends from south to north with the slope, was investigated archaeologically in the first half of the last century, especially by Friedrich Langewiesche, who assessed it as a refuge castle. Ceramic and even metalwork finds indicate that it belongs to the La Tène culture in the pre-Roman Iron Age The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age ( Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age ( Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostl ..., e vorrömische Ei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hesse
Hesse (, , ) or Hessia (, ; german: Hessen ), officially the State of Hessen (german: links=no, Land Hessen), is a state in Germany. Its capital city is Wiesbaden, and the largest urban area is Frankfurt. Two other major historic cities are Darmstadt and Kassel. With an area of 21,114.73 square kilometers and a population of just over six million, it ranks seventh and fifth, respectively, among the sixteen German states. Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Germany's second-largest metropolitan area (after Rhine-Ruhr), is mainly located in Hesse. As a cultural region, Hesse also includes the area known as Rhenish Hesse (Rheinhessen) in the neighbouring state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Name The German name ''Hessen'', like the names of other German regions (''Schwaben'' "Swabia", ''Franken'' "Franconia", ''Bayern'' "Bavaria", ''Sachsen'' "Saxony"), derives from the dative plural form of the name of the inhabitants or eponymous tribe, the Hessians (''Hessen'', singular ''Hesse''). The geograp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amöneburg
Amöneburg () is a town in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in Hesse, Germany. It lies on a mountain and is built around the castle of the same name, ''Burg Amöneburg''. Geography Location Amöneburg lies on a basalt cone that can be seen from a great distance, below which flows the river Ohm, a tributary to the Lahn. From the Vogelsberg massif in the southeast, Amöneburg is split by the Amöneburg Basin, a hollow suspected of being a meteorite craterIn the southwest rise the Lahn Mountains. Neighbouring communities In the north, Amöneburg borders on the town of Kirchhain, in the east on the town of Stadtallendorf (both in Marburg-Biedenkopf), in the southeast on the town of Homberg (Vogelsbergkreis), and in the west on the community of Ebsdorfergrund (Marburg-Biedenkopf). Communities within town * Erfurtshausen * Mardorf * Roßdorf * Rüdigheim Coat of arms Amöneburg's coat of arms, like many throughout western Germany, depicts the Wheel of Mainz and Saint Mart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weser Uplands
The Weser Uplands (German: ''Weserbergland'', ) is a hill region in Germany, between Hannoversch Münden and Porta Westfalica, along the river Weser. The area reaches into three states, Lower Saxony, Hesse, and North Rhine-Westphalia. Important towns of this region include Bad Karlshafen, Holzminden, Höxter, Bodenwerder, Hameln, Rinteln, and Vlotho. The tales of the Brothers Grimm are set in the Weser Uplands, and it has many renaissance buildings, exhibiting a peculiar regional style, the Weser Renaissance style. The region roughly coincides with the natural region of the Lower Saxon Hills defined by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN). Geography In addition to the whole of the Weser Valley between Hann. Münden und Porta Westfalica, several geologically associated, but clearly separate chains of uplands, ridges and individual hills are considered part of the Weser Uplands. In its narrowest sense, the following would be included (running from north to sout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amelungsburg (Süntel)
The Amelungsburg is a former ringfort that is located on the ''Amelungsberg'' hill on the Süntel ridge in the district of Hameln-Pyrmont in the German state of Lower Saxony. Description The site is around 15 hectares and lies on the plateau of Amelungsberg, which is 900 metres long and 300 metres wide, and drops away steeply on all sides. The fortifications comprise a rampart on two sides of the terrain with a length of around 1000 metres. Today it has a height of about 1.5 metres and is up to 4 metres wide. On the other two sides only slight traces of ramparts remain. There are the remains of a former entranceway on the southeastern side of the plateau just under 70 metres west of the present day breach in the defences by a forest track. Below the site runs a rough 300 metre long advance rampart and moat which shows evidence of an entrance. This earthwork has a width of around 7 metres and is up to 2 metres high. The moat in front of it is around 4 metres wide and still a me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velden (Vils)
Velden is a market town and municipality in the district of Landshut in Bavaria in Germany. Geography Velden lies on the border from Lower Bavaria to Upper Bavaria. The river Vils runs through the town. Velden is about 64 kilometers northeast of Munich. The municipality consists of 130 villages and communes History The first mentioning of a Place named Feldin is found in 773. In 788 King Charles the Great displaced the bavarian Duke Tassilo III and made it a part of Francia. Later it became a Municipality with Market town status, but it is not sure when this happened as there does not exist a certificate of appointment. The first time the market status is mentioned was in a writ in 1394. Transport Velden once had a railway connection to Dorfen via Taufkirchen. In 1994 the tracks were removed and converted to a now very popular cycle track. Velden lies on the Bundesstraße B 388. Frequent buses connect Velden to Vilsbiburg, Landshut and Dorfen. The nearest airport is M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorfen
Dorfen is a town in the district of Erding, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated 50 km east of Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ... and 29 km south of Landshut. Transportation Dorfen is situated at the Munich-Mühldorf railway. People * Johann Georg von Dillis (1759–1841), Painter * Hermann Wandinger (1897–1976), Sculptor * Jochen Mass (born 1946), Racing driver * Michael Mittermeier (born 1966), Comedian References Erding (district) {{Erdingdistrict-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defensive Wall
A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors. The walls can range from simple palisades or earthworks to extensive military fortifications with towers, bastions and gates for access to the city. From ancient to modern times, they were used to enclose settlements. Generally, these are referred to as city walls or town walls, although there were also walls, such as the Great Wall of China, Walls of Benin, Hadrian's Wall, Anastasian Wall, and the Atlantic Wall, which extended far beyond the borders of a city and were used to enclose regions or mark territorial boundaries. In mountainous terrain, defensive walls such as ''letzis'' were used in combination with castles to seal valleys from potential attack. Beyond their defensive utility, many walls also had important symbolic functions representing the status and independence of the communities they embraced. Existing ancient walls are almost always masonry st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortress Church
A fortress church (german: Kirchenburg) is a particular type of church that, in addition to its religious functions is also used by the local population as a retreat and defensive position, similar to a refuge castle. A fortress church usually implies that the church is enclosed by its own fortifications, such as curtain walls and defensive towers. By comparison, a church with simple defensive features, such as battlements and embrasures on the church itself, is usually just referred to as a fortified church. Architectural history The fortress church is typically surrounded by defensive walls equipped with wall towers and wall walks. It is a development of the fortified churches, whose defensive walls were also the actual walls of the church. Although the terms are often used interchangeably without clear distinction, a fortified church properly refers to a single building whereas a fortress church is a building complex. Construction of defensible churches evolved over time. E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
