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Pleuronectidae
Pleuronectidae, also known as righteye flounders, are a family of flounders. They are called "righteye flounders" because most species lie on the sea bottom on their left sides, with both eyes on their right sides. The Paralichthyidae are the opposite, with their eyes on the left side. A small number of species in Pleuronectidae can also have their eyes on the left side, notably the members of the genus ''Platichthys''. Their dorsal and anal fins are long and continuous, with the dorsal fin extending forward onto the head. Females lay eggs that float in mid-water until the larvae develop, and they sink to the bottom. They are found on the bottoms of oceans around the world, with some species, such as the Atlantic halibut, ''Hippoglossus hippoglossus'', being found down to . The smaller species eat sea-floor invertebrates such as polychaetes and crustaceans, but the larger righteye flounders, such as ''H. hippoglossus'', which grows up to in length, feed on other fishes and cep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleuronectinae
Pleuronectinae is a subfamily of fish in the family Pleuronectidae, comprising 27 genera and 62 extant species (there are also fossil species, including two ''Clidoderma''). Members of the subfamily are demersal carnivores that live in arctic and northern seas. Taxonomy *Tribes: ** Isopsettini – monotypic: '' Isopsetta isolepis'' ** Microstomini – 22 species in 8 genera ** Pleuronectini – 20 species in 7 genera ** Psettichthyini – monotypic: '' Psettichthys melanostictus'' Unplaced genera (18 extant species in 10 genera): * '' Acanthopsetta'' * ''Atheresthes'' * ''Cleisthenes'' * ''Clidoderma'' * ''Eopsetta'' * ''Hippoglossoides'' * ''Hippoglossus'' * ''Lyopsetta'' * ''Reinhardtius The Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (''Reinhardtius hippoglossoides'') belongs to the family Pleuronectidae (the right-eye flounders), and is the only species of the genus ''Reinhardtius''. It is a predatory fish that mostly ranges at dept ...'' * '' Verasper'' References P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralichthodinae
The peppered flounder (''Paralichthodes algoensis'') is a flatfish of the family Paralichthodidae and the only species of the genus ''Paralichthodes''. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in subtropical waters, at depths of up to . Its native habitat is the southeastern Atlantic and the western Indian Ocean, specifically the African coastline from Mossel Bay, South Africa, to Delagoa Bay, Mozambique. It grows up to in length. Description The peppered flounder is a right-eyed flounder with an elongated, oval body. Its upper surface is brownish grey with small dark spots and its underside is white. The lateral line The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ (LLO), is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelial ... is equally developed on both sides. It has a relatively large, symmetrical mouth. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralichthodes
The peppered flounder (''Paralichthodes algoensis'') is a flatfish of the family Paralichthodidae and the only species of the genus ''Paralichthodes''. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in subtropical waters, at depths of up to . Its native habitat is the southeastern Atlantic and the western Indian Ocean, specifically the African coastline from Mossel Bay, South Africa, to Delagoa Bay, Mozambique. It grows up to in length. Description The peppered flounder is a right-eyed flounder with an elongated, oval body. Its upper surface is brownish grey with small dark spots and its underside is white. The lateral line The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ (LLO), is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelial ... is equally developed on both sides. It has a relatively large, symmetrical mouth. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Plaice
The European plaice (''Pleuronectes platessa''), commonly referred to as simply plaice, is a species of marine flatfish in the genus Pleuronectes of the family Pleuronectidae. Description The European plaice is characterized, on their dorsal side, by their dark green to dark brown skin, blotched with conspicuous, but irregularly distributed, orange spots. The ventral side is pearly white. The skin is smooth with small scales. They are able to adapt their colour somewhat to match that of their surroundings, but the orange spots always remain visible. The skin lacks any prickles. The outline of adults is oval. The head is rather small and is less than 25% of the total length. The pointed mouth is terminal and fairly small with its maxilla reaching just below the right eye. Both eyes are located at the right side of the body. The bony ridge behind the eyes is another characteristic for this species. The lateral line curves slightly above the pectoral fin. The dorsal fin reaches t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kareius
The stone flounder (''Kareius bicoloratus'') is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in coastal areas at depths of up to . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northwest Pacific, from Japan to the Kuril islands, Sakhalin, Korea, northern China and Taiwan. It is oceanodromous and is found in salt, brackish and fresh waters. It can grow up to in length, and may reach 12 years of age. Diet The stone flounder's diet consists of zoobenthos organisms such as amphipods, bivalves, mysids and polychaete Polychaeta () is a paraphyletic class (biology), class of generally marine invertebrate, marine annelid worms, common name, commonly called bristle worms or polychaetes (). Each body segment has a pair of fleshy protrusions called parapodia that ...s. References stone flounder Marine fauna of East Asia stone flounder {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanakius
The willowy flounder (''Tanakius kitaharae'') is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the Western Pacific, from Southern Hokkaido in Japan to the Gulf of Bohai, the East China Sea and Taiwan. It can grow up to in length. Diet The diet of the willowy flounder consists mainly of zoobenthos organisms, including polychaetes, crabs and other benthos crustacean Crustaceans (Crustacea, ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as decapods, seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, amphipods and mantis shrimp. The crustacean group ...s. References willowy flounder Fish of East Asia willowy flounder {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reinhardtius
The Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (''Reinhardtius hippoglossoides'') belongs to the family Pleuronectidae (the right-eye flounders), and is the only species of the genus ''Reinhardtius''. It is a predatory fish that mostly ranges at depths between , and is found in the cold northern Atlantic, northern Pacific, and Arctic Oceans. It has a variety of other English vernacular names, including black halibut, blue halibut, lesser halibut, and Newfoundland turbot; while both Newfoundland turbot and Greenland turbot are in common use in North America (sometimes even without the location, just "turbot"), these names are typically not used in Europe, where they can cause easy confusion with the true turbot (''Scophthalmus maximus''). The Greenland halibut is fished commercially across its range with disputes over the fishing rights for this species in the Atlantic Ocean off Canada resulting in the Turbot War of the mid-1990s (a "war" without any injuries or casualties). The Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psettichthys
The Pacific sand sole (''Psettichthys melanostictus''), also known as simply sand sole, is a flatfish species inhabiting the northeastern Pacific waters where it lives on sandy bottoms. The only species in the genus, ''Psettichthys'', it ranges from the Bering Sea to Northern California. Description and taxonomy The Pacific sand sole, belongs to the order ''Pleuronectiformes,'' and the family Pleuronectidae. They are considered a flatfish due to their body shape, just like Hippoglossus (halibuts), Solea (soles), and Platichthys (flounders). This fish can get over 62.95 cm (24.78 in) in length and on average this fish can weigh approximately 2.484 kg (5.476 lbs). Their dorsal side, which houses both of their eyes, can come in a variety of colors like gray, green, or brown, with blotches of dark brown or black. Their underside or ventral side is usually white. By obtaining these colors, the pacific sand sole fish can have a better advantage of camouflaging int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platichthys
''Platichthys'' is a genus of flatfish native to the North Pacific The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ... and North Atlantic oceans. Despite being in the family Pleuronectidae (popularly known as righteye flounders), all three species in the genus ''Platichthys'' are often "lefteyed", i.e. they lie on the sea bottom on their right side, with both eyes on the left side. Species There are currently three recognized species in this genus: References Further reading * Momigliano, M.; G.P.J. Denys; H. Jokinen; and J. Merilä (2018). Platichthys solemdali sp. nov. (Actinopterygii, Pleuronectiformes): A New Flounder Species From the Baltic Sea. Front. Mar. Sci. 5(225). Pleuronectidae {{Pleuronectiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parophrys
The English sole (''Parophrys vetulus'') is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in estuaries and near shore areas, at depths of up to . It reaches up to in length, and can weigh up to . Its native habitat is the Pacific Ocean, Eastern Pacific, stretching from the coast of Baja California in the south to the Bering Sea in the north. English sole is an important commercial fish, primarily caught off Washington (U.S. state), Washington, Oregon and California. Though Biomass (ecology), biomass is increasing, catches have been declining since the 1960s and are currently almost at an all-time low. The English sole is known in Spanish as ''platija limón'', or lemon sole, a name by which it is also known in English, though the true lemon sole is a separate species, ''Microstomus kitt''. Etymology The genus name is derived from the Greek ''para'', meaning "near", ''ophrys'', meaning "eyebrow", and the species name ''vetu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyopsetta
The slender sole (''Lyopsetta exilis'') is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms near rocky areas at depths of between . Its native habitat is the eastern Pacific coast, from the mouth of the Alsek River in Alaska in the north to Isla Cedros in Baja California, Mexico in the south. It can reach up to in length. Diet The slender sole's diet consists of zoobenthos crustaceans such as krill, mysids, amphipods and shrimps, as well as marine worms and some fish. Commercial fishing The slender sole is harvested by the commercial fishing Commercial fishing is the activity of catching fish and other seafood for commercial profit, mostly from wild fisheries. It provides a large quantity of food to many countries around the world, but those who practice it as an industry must often ... industry, and is considered to be a good food fish, but it is not landed in significant quantities due to its small size. References Pleuronectidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limanda
''Limanda'' is a genus of righteye flounders native to the northern Atlantic and Pacific oceans. A 2018 cladistic morphological and genetic analysis found that the genus is not monophyletic, and has proposed ''L. ferruginea'', ''L. proboscidea'' and ''L. punctatissima'' be placed in the genus ''Myzopsetta''. Species There are currently six recognized species in this genus: * ''Limanda aspera'' (Pallas, 1814) (Yellowfin sole) * ''Limanda ferruginea'' ( D. H. Storer ( fr), 1839) (Yellowtail flounder) * ''Limanda limanda'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (Common dab) * ''Limanda proboscidea'' C. H. Gilbert, 1896 (Longhead dab) * ''Limanda punctatissima'' (Steindachner, 1879) (Speckled flounder) * ''Limanda sakhalinensis The Sakhalin sole (''Limanda sakhalinensis'') is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between , though it is most commonly found between around . Its native habitat is the polar waters ...'' C. L. Hubbs, 1915 (Sakha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
