Pleuronectinae is a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

of fish in the family

Pleuronectidae Pleuronectidae, also known as righteye flounders, are a family of flounders. They are called "righteye flounders" because most species lie on the sea bottom on their left sides, with both eyes on their right sides. The Paralichthyidae are the op ...

, comprising 27

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

and 62

extant Extant is the opposite of the word extinct. It may refer to: * Extant hereditary titles * Extant literature, surviving literature, such as ''Beowulf'', the oldest extant manuscript written in English * Extant taxon, a taxon which is not extinct, ...

species (there are also fossil species, including two ''

Clidoderma ''Clidoderma'' is a genus of righteye flounders containing one extant species and two described fossil species from Japan. Fossil species Two fossil species are known from the Miocene of Japan. '' C. chitaensis'' Ohe & Kawase 1995 is known ...

''). Members of the subfamily are

demersal The demersal zone is the part of the sea or ocean (or deep lake) consisting of the part of the water column near to (and significantly affected by) the seabed and the benthos. The demersal zone is just above the benthic zone and forms a layer of ...

carnivore A carnivore , or meat-eater (Latin, ''caro'', genitive ''carnis'', meaning meat or "flesh" and ''vorare'' meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements derive from animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other sof ...

s that live in

arctic The Arctic ( or ) is a polar regions of Earth, polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), Danish Realm (Greenla ...

and northern seas.

Taxonomy

*Tribes: ** Isopsettini – monotypic: '' Isopsetta isolepis'' ** Microstomini – 22 species in 8 genera ** Pleuronectini – 20 species in 7 genera ** Psettichthyini – monotypic: '' Psettichthys melanostictus'' Unplaced genera (18

species in 10 genera): * '' Acanthopsetta'' * ''

Atheresthes ''Atheresthes'' is a genus of righteye flounders native to the north Pacific Ocean where both species are important commercially. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * ''Atheresthes evermanni'' Jordan & Starks, 190 ...

'' * ''

Cleisthenes Cleisthenes ( ; grc-gre, Κλεισθένης), or Clisthenes (c. 570c. 508 BC), was an ancient Athenian lawgiver credited with reforming the constitution of ancient Athens and setting it on a democratic footing in 508 BC. For these accomplishm ...

'' * ''

Eopsetta ''Eopsetta'' is a genus of righteye flounders native to the North Pacific Ocean. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * ''Eopsetta grigorjewi'' ( Herzenstein, 1890) (Shotted halibut) * ''Eopsetta jordani ''Eopsett ...

'' * ''

Hippoglossoides ''Hippoglossoides'' is a genus of righteye flounders native to the North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans. Species There are currently four recognized species in this genus: * ''Hippoglossoides dubius'' Schmidt, 1904 (Flathead flounder) * ''H ...

'' * ''

Hippoglossus ''Hippoglossus'' is a genus of very large righteye flounders with one species native to the north Atlantic Ocean and one to the north Pacific Ocean. Etymology The word ''hippoglossus'' is derived from the Greek language, Greek ἵππος (''hi ...

'' * ''

Lyopsetta The slender sole (''Lyopsetta exilis'') is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms near rocky areas at depths of between . Its native habitat is the eastern Pacific coast, from the mouth of the Alsek ...

'' * ''

Reinhardtius The Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (''Reinhardtius hippoglossoides'') belongs to the family Pleuronectidae (the right-eye flounders), and is the only species of the genus ''Reinhardtius''. It is a predatory fish that mostly ranges at dept ...

'' * '' Verasper''

References

Pleuronectidae Fish subfamilies Taxa named by Georges Cuvier {{Pleuronectiformes-stub