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Pressa
''Pressa'' was an International Press Exhibition held in Cologne between May and October, 1928. As German exhibitors were barred from participating in the ''Exposition International des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modern'' held in Paris in 1925, that this exhibition was held in Germany indicated the rehabilitation of Germany as regards international projects of this kind. Pavilions Soviet Pavilion El Lissitzky was responsible for the Soviet pavilion, which received critical acclaim. He had the support of Aleksandr Naumov, Sergei Senkin and Gustav Klutsis. Czechoslovak Pavilion Ladislav Sutnar was responsible for the Czechoslovak pavilion. In this he was aided by Augustin Tschinkel. Advertising constructions As well as country pavilions, companies also contributed buildings. HAG-Turm The HAG-Turm was a 42m tower built for Café HAG. This was built in 70 days. The architect was Bernhard Hoetger, an architect who had previously worked for Ludwig Roselius, the founder o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernhard Hoetger
Bernhard Hoetger (4 May 1874 in Dortmund – 18 July 1949 in Interlaken) was a German sculptor, painter and handicrafts artist of the Expressionist movement. Life Hoetger was the son of a Dortmund blacksmith, he studied sculpture in Detmold from 1888 to 1892, before directing a workshop in Rheda-Wiedenbrück. After a spell at the Düsseldorf Arts Academy, he took a trip to Paris, where he was deeply influenced by Auguste Rodin, but also got to know Paula Modersohn-Becker. Later he was able to familiarise himself with Antoni Gaudí. In 1911, Hoetger was called up to the Darmstadt Artists' Colony, where he was to remain for some time. Böttcherstraße In 1914, inspired by Modersohn-Becker, he moved to Worpswede. It was here where he met the Bremen entrepreneur Ludwig Roselius, with whom he would go on to make his masterpiece, Bremen's ''Böttcherstraße'', in an Expressionist style. In particular he was responsible for the Atlantis House, which reflected the race-theories of the N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1928 In Germany
Events in the year 1928 in Germany. Incumbents National level President * Paul von Hindenburg (Non-partisan) Chancellor * Wilhelm Marx (Centre) ''(2nd term)'' to 12 June, then from 28 June Hermann Müller (Social Democrats) ''(2nd term)'' Events * May - October – Pressa held in Cologne * 28 June – Socialist Hermann Müller succeeds Wilhelm Marx as chancellor * 1928 German federal election Births * 1 January – Gerhard Weinberg, German-American diplomatic and military historian * 2 January – Prince Karl of Leiningen, (d. 1990) * 27 January – Hans Modrow, politician * 20 February – Friedrich Wetter, Cardinal Archbishop of Munich * 23 February – Hans Herrmann, German racing driver * 3 March – Gudrun Pausewang, author (d. 2020) * 12 March – Werner Krolikowski, East German politician * 16 March – Christa Ludwig, mezzo-soprano (died 2021) * 8 April – Leah Rabin, German-born wife of former Prime Minister of Israel Yitzhak Rabin (d. 2000) * 12 April ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Lissitzky
Lazar Markovich Lissitzky (russian: link=no, Ла́зарь Ма́ркович Лиси́цкий, ; – 30 December 1941), better known as El Lissitzky (russian: link=no, Эль Лиси́цкий; yi, על ליסיצקי), was a Russian artist, designer, photographer, typographer, polemicist and architect. He was an important figure of the Russian avant-garde, helping develop suprematism with his mentor, Kazimir Malevich, and designing numerous exhibition displays and propaganda works for the Soviet Union. His work greatly influenced the Bauhaus and constructivist movements, and he experimented with production techniques and stylistic devices that would go on to dominate 20th-century graphic design. Lissitzky's entire career was laced with the belief that the artist could be an agent for change, later summarized with his edict, "" (goal-oriented creation).Glazova Lissitzky, of Lithuanian Jewish оrigin, began his career illustrating Yiddish children's books in an effort to pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Ilyich Naumov
Alexander Ilyich Naumov (1899-1928) was a Russian a painter, interior designer, book designer and poster artist who was active following the Russian Revolution. He graduated from the Stroganov School of Arts in 1916, but then continued his studies by enrolling in another course in decorative arts. In 1919 he was one of the main initiators of the Society of Young Artists (OBMOKhU), with whom he exhibited over the next few years. He designed posters for a number of films including '' The Man on the Comet'' (1927). In 1928 El Lissitzky invited him to participate in the Pressa exhibition, in Cologne Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 millio .... He subsequently died in a drowning accident. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Naumov, Alexander Ilyich 1899 births 1928 deaths Stroga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Senkin
Sergei Yakovlevich Senkin (1894–1963) was a twentieth-century Russian artist, photographer, and illustrator. Senkin studied with Kasimir Malevitch during the 1920s in Vkhutemas. He sometimes visited Malevitch in Vitebsk with his friend Gustav Klutsis. There, he developed his own approach to Suprematism. He used a variety of artistic techniques such as graphic and poster design, photography and photomontage as well as painting. He worked together with Gustav Klutsis on agitational posters in 1922-1937. In 1928, he joined the Constructivist October Group. The same year, Senkin collaborated with artist and architect El Lissitzky to create the frieze for the ''Pressa'' exhibition in Cologne, Germany. See also * List of Soviet poster artists * Photomontage * Constructivism (art) Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere, constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial society ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Klutsis
Gustav Klutsis ( lv, Gustavs Klucis, russian: Густав Густавович Клуцис; 4 January 1895 – 26 February 1938) was a pioneering Latvian photographer and major member of the Constructivist avant-garde in the early 20th century. He is known for the Soviet revolutionary and Stalinist propaganda he produced with his wife Valentina Kulagina and for the development of photomontage techniques. Biography Born in Ķoņi parish, near Rūjiena, Klutsis began his artistic training in Riga in 1912. In 1915 he was drafted into the Russian Army, serving in a Latvian riflemen detachment, then went to Moscow in 1917. As a soldier of the 9th Latvian Riflemen Regiment, Klutsis served among Vladimir Lenin's personal guard in the Smolny in 1917-1918 and was later transferred to Moscow to serve as part of the guard of the Kremlin (1919-1924). In 1918-1921 he began art studies under Kazimir Malevich and Antoine Pevsner, joined the Communist Party, met and married longtime coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladislav Sutnar
Ladislav Sutnar (9 November 1897 – 13 November 1976) was a graphic designer from Plzeň, Czechoslovakia (in western Bohemia) who was a pioneer of information design and information architecture. Although he is uncredited, his contributions to business organization benefited society, which included creating a user-friendly telephone directory by implementing parenthetical area codes. He received design commissions from a variety of employers, including McGraw-Hill, IBM, and the United Nations. He also worked as art director for Sweet's Catalog Service for almost twenty years. Sutnar held many one-man exhibitions, and his work is on permanent display in MoMA. He is best known for his books, including ''Controlled Visual Flow: Shape, Line and Color'', ''Package Design: The Force of Visual Selling'', and ''Visual Design in Action: Principles, Purposes''. Sutnar was a master of exhibition design, typography, advertising, posters, magazine and book design. Life Sutnar studied pai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustin Tschinkel
Augustin Tschinkel (1905, Prague – 1983, Cologne) was a Czech artist active with the Figurative Constructivist art movement. Tschinkel went to Cologne, Germany to attend the ''Pressa'' exhibition there. He was working with Ladislav Sutnar who was responsible for the Czech pavilion there. While in Cologne, he took the opportunity to meet with Franz Seiwert, who he was generally familiar with from reading left-wing art/politics journal ''Die Aktion'' to which Seiwert contributed both images and theoretical articles. He joined the Cologne Progressives, the art group that Seiwert had founded. He adopted their method of black and white images which were easy to mass-produce for leaflets and posters which they distributed to a largely working-class audience with little consideration for official constraints on where they put their posters. These they called "social graphics" and Tschinkel became the sole proponent of this artistic form in Czechoslovakia. In 1929 Augustin followed fello ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cologne
Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western States of Germany, state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the List of cities in Germany by population, fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 million people in the Cologne Bonn Region, urban region. Centered on the left bank of the Rhine, left (west) bank of the Rhine, Cologne is about southeast of NRW's state capital Düsseldorf and northwest of Bonn, the former capital of West Germany. The city's medieval Catholic Cologne Cathedral (), the third-tallest church and tallest cathedral in the world, constructed to house the Shrine of the Three Kings, is a globally recognized landmark and one of the most visited sights and pilgrimage destinations in Europe. The cityscape is further shaped by the Twelve Romanesque churches of Cologne, and Cologne is famous for Eau de Cologne, that has been produced in the city since 1709, and "col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caffeine
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is mainly used recreationally as a cognitive enhancer, increasing alertness and attentional performance. Caffeine acts by blocking binding of adenosine to the adenosine A1 receptor, which enhances release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Caffeine has a three-dimensional structure similar to that of adenosine, which allows it to bind and block its receptors. Caffeine also increases cyclic AMP levels through nonselective inhibition of phosphodiesterase. Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). It is found in the seeds, fruits, nuts, or leaves of a number of plants native to Africa, East Asia and South America, and helps to protect them against herbivores and from competition by preventing the germination of nearby seeds, as well as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decaffination
Decaffeination is the removal of caffeine from coffee beans, cocoa, tea leaves, and other caffeine-containing materials. Decaffeinated drinks contain typically 1–2% of the original caffeine content, and sometimes as much as 20%. Decaffeinated products are commonly termed decaf. Decaffeination of coffee Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge performed the first isolation of pure caffeine from coffee beans in 1820, after the poet Goethe heard about his work on belladonna extract, and requested he perform an analysis on coffee beans. Though Runge was able to isolate the compound, he did not learn much about the chemistry of caffeine itself, nor did he seek to use the process commercially to produce decaffeinated coffee. Decaffeination processes Various methods can be used for decaffeination of coffee. These methods take place prior to roasting and may use organic solvents such as dichloromethane or ethyl acetate, supercritical CO2, or water to extract caffeine from the beans, while leavin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Roselius
Ludwig Roselius (2 June 1874 – 15 May 1943) was a German coffee merchant and founder of the company Kaffee HAG. He was born in Bremen and is credited with the development of commercial decaffeination of coffee. As a patron, he supported artists like Paula Modersohn-Becker and Bernard Hoetger and turned the Böttcherstrasse street in Bremen into an artwork. Life Roselius was born in Bremen. In 1902, Ludwig Roselius purchased the centrally located No. 4 Böttcherstrasse. It soon became the head office of his business Roselius & Co. which in 1906 established Kaffee HAG (Kaffee Handels Aktien Gesellschaft). He was a supporter of ''Die Brücke'' institute and started publication of the famous heraldic Coffee Hag albums in the described formats of the Brücke. In his home town he built an entertaining house known as the Glockenspiel House. During the Third Reich, "Politically a conservative, Roselius had a positive attitude towards National Socialism and initially supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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