|
Pool (computer Science)
In computer science, a pool is a collection of resources that are kept in memory, ready to use, rather than the memory acquired on use or the memory released afterwards. In this context, ''resources'' can refer to system resources such as file handles, which are external to a process, or internal resources such as objects. A pool client requests a resource from the pool and performs desired operations on the returned resource. When the client finishes its use of the resource, it is returned to the pool rather than released and lost. The pooling of resources can offer a significant response-time boost in situations that have high cost associated with resource acquiring, high rate of the requests for resources, and a low overall count of simultaneously used resources. Pooling is also useful when the latency is a concern, because a pool offers predictable times required to obtain resources since they have already been acquired. These benefits are mostly true for system resources ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Science
Computer science is the study of computation, information, and automation. Computer science spans Theoretical computer science, theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, and information theory) to Applied science, applied disciplines (including the design and implementation of Computer architecture, hardware and Software engineering, software). Algorithms and data structures are central to computer science. The theory of computation concerns abstract models of computation and general classes of computational problem, problems that can be solved using them. The fields of cryptography and computer security involve studying the means for secure communication and preventing security vulnerabilities. Computer graphics (computer science), Computer graphics and computational geometry address the generation of images. Programming language theory considers different ways to describe computational processes, and database theory concerns the management of re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bitmap
In computing, a bitmap (also called raster) graphic is an image formed from rows of different colored pixels. A GIF is an example of a graphics image file that uses a bitmap. As a noun, the term "bitmap" is very often used to refer to a particular bitmapping application: the pix-map, which refers to a map of pixels, where each pixel may store more than two colors, thus using more than one bit per pixel. In such a case, the domain in question is the array of pixels which constitute a digital graphic output device (a screen or monitor). In some contexts, the term ''bitmap'' implies one bit per pixel, whereas ''pixmap'' is used for images with multiple bits per pixel. A bitmap is a type of memory organization or image file format used to store digital images. The term ''bitmap'' comes from the computer programming terminology, meaning just a ''map of bits'', a spatially mapped array of bits. Now, along with ''pixmap'', it commonly refers to the similar concept of a spatially mapp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Object Creation
Object may refer to: General meanings * Object (philosophy), a thing, being, or concept ** Object (abstract), an object which does not exist at any particular time or place ** Physical object, an identifiable collection of matter * Goal, an aim, target, or objective * Object (grammar), a sentence element, such as a direct object or an indirect object Science, technology, and mathematics Computing * 3D model, a representation of a physical object * Object (computer science), a language mechanism for binding data with methods that operate on that data ** Object-orientation (other), in which concepts are represented as objects *** Object-oriented programming (OOP), in which an object is an instance of a class or array ** Object (IBM i), the fundamental unit of data storage in the IBM i operating system * Object file, the output of a compiler or other translator program (also known as "object code") * HTML object element Mathematics * Object (mathematics), an abs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Object Pool Pattern
The object pool pattern is a software creational design pattern that uses a set of initialized objects kept ready to use – a "pool" – rather than allocating and destroying them on demand. A client of the pool will request an object from the pool and perform operations on the returned object. When the client has finished, it returns the object to the pool rather than destroying it; this can be done manually or automatically. Object pools are primarily used for performance: in some circumstances, object pools significantly improve performance. Object pools complicate object lifetime, as objects obtained from and returned to a pool are not actually created or destroyed at this time, and thus require care in implementation. Description When it is necessary to work with numerous objects that are particularly expensive to instantiate and each object is only needed for a short period of time, the performance of an entire application may be adversely affected. An object pool desi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Object-oriented Language
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of '' objects''. Objects can contain data (called fields, attributes or properties) and have actions they can perform (called procedures or methods and implemented in code In communications and information processing, code is a system of rules to convert information—such as a letter, word, sound, image, or gesture—into another form, sometimes shortened or secret, for communication through a communicati ...). In OOP, computer programs are designed by making them out of objects that interact with one another. Many of the most widely used programming languages (such as C++, Java (programming language), Java, and Python (programming language), Python) support object-oriented programming to a greater or lesser degree, typically as part of multi-paradigm, multiple paradigms in combination with others such as imperative programming and declarative programming. Significant object-orient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Design Pattern
A design pattern is the re-usable form of a solution to a design problem. The idea was introduced by the architect Christopher Alexander and has been adapted for various other disciplines, particularly software engineering. The " Gang of Four" book. Details An organized collection of design patterns that relate to a particular field is called a pattern language. This language gives a common terminology for discussing the situations designers are faced with. Documenting a pattern requires explaining why a particular situation causes problems, and how the components of the pattern relate to each other to give the solution. Christopher Alexander describes common design problems as arising from "conflicting forces"—such as the conflict between wanting a room to be sunny and wanting it not to overheat on summer afternoons. A pattern would not tell the designer how many windows to put in the room; instead, it would propose a set of values to guide the designer toward a deci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memory Pool
Memory pools, also called fixed-size blocks allocation, is the use of pools for memory management that allows dynamic memory allocation. Dynamic memory allocation can, and has been achieved through the use of techniques such as malloc and C++'s operator new; although established and reliable implementations, these suffer from fragmentation because of variable block sizes, it is not recommendable to use them in a real time system due to performance. A more efficient solution is preallocating a number of memory blocks with the same size called the memory pool. The application can allocate, access, and free blocks represented by handles at run time. Many real-time operating systems use memory pools, such as the Transaction Processing Facility. Some systems, like the web server Nginx, use the term ''memory pool'' to refer to a group of variable-size allocations which can be later deallocated all at once. This is also known as a ''region''; see region-based memory manage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thread Pool
In computer programming, a thread pool is a software design pattern for achieving concurrency of execution in a computer program. Often also called a replicated workers or worker-crew model, a thread pool maintains multiple threads waiting for tasks to be allocated for concurrent execution by the supervising program. By maintaining a pool of threads, the model increases performance and avoids latency in execution due to frequent creation and destruction of threads for short-lived tasks. Another good property - the ability to limit system load, when we use fewer threads than available. The number of available threads is tuned to the computing resources available to the program, such as a parallel task queue after completion of execution. Performance The size of a thread pool is the number of threads kept in reserve for executing tasks. It is usually a tunable parameter of the application, adjusted to optimize program performance. Deciding the optimal thread pool size is crucia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Connection Pool
In software engineering, a connection pool is a cache of reusable database connections managed by the client or middleware. It reduces the overhead of opening and closing connections, improving performance and scalability in database applications. SQL databases typically use stateful, binary protocols that maintain session-specific information, such as transaction states and prepared statements, necessitating optimized connection pooling to minimize the overhead of repeatedly establishing connections. Conversely, many mainstream NoSQL databases, like Azure Cosmos DB and Amazon DynamoDB, utilize stateless, HTTP-based protocols that handle each request independently. This architecture often reduces the need for traditional connection pooling, though reusing established connections can still offer performance benefits in high-throughput scenarios by avoiding the overhead of connection creation. Connection pooling efficiency Following factors can affect connection pooling efficiency ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memoization
In computing, memoization or memoisation is an optimization technique used primarily to speed up computer programs by storing the results of expensive function calls to pure functions and returning the cached result when the same inputs occur again. Memoization has also been used in other contexts (and for purposes other than speed gains), such as in simple mutually recursive descent parsing. It is a type of caching, distinct from other forms of caching such as buffering and page replacement. In the context of some logic programming languages, memoization is also known as tabling. Etymology The term ''memoization'' was coined by Donald Michie in 1968 and is derived from the Latin word ('to be remembered'), usually truncated as ''memo'' in American English, and thus carries the meaning of 'turning he results ofa function into something to be remembered'. While ''memoization'' might be confused with ''memorization'' (because they are etymological cognates), ''memoization'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cache (computing)
In computing, a cache ( ) is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation or a copy of data stored elsewhere. A cache hit occurs when the requested data can be found in a cache, while a cache miss occurs when it cannot. Cache hits are served by reading data from the cache, which is faster than recomputing a result or reading from a slower data store; thus, the more requests that can be served from the cache, the faster the system performs. To be cost-effective, caches must be relatively small. Nevertheless, caches are effective in many areas of computing because typical Application software, computer applications access data with a high degree of locality of reference. Such access patterns exhibit temporal locality, where data is requested that has been recently requested, and spatial locality, where data is requested that is stored near dat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Font
In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a ''typeface'', defined as the set of fonts that share an overall design. For instance, the typeface Bauer Bodoni (shown in the figure) includes fonts " Roman" (or "regular"), "" and ""; each of these exists in a variety of sizes. In the digital description of fonts ( computer fonts), the terms "font" and "typeface" are often used interchangeably. For example, when used in computers, each style is stored in a separate digital font file. In both traditional typesetting and computing, the word "font" refers to the delivery mechanism of an instance of the typeface. In traditional typesetting, the font would be made from metal or wood type: to compose a page may require multiple fonts from the typeface or even multiple typefaces. Spelling and etymology The word ''font'' (US) or ''fount'' (traditional UK, CAN; in any case pronounced ) derives from Middle French ''fonte'', meaning "cast iron". The term re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
