Pastoreta
The ''pastorela'' (, "little/young shepherdess") was an Occitan lyric genre used by the troubadours. It gave rise to the Old French ''pastourelle The pastourelle (; also ''pastorelle'', ''pastorella'', or ''pastorita'' is a typically Old French lyric form concerning the romance of a shepherdess. In most of the early pastourelles, the poet knight meets a shepherdess who bests him in a bat ...''. The central topic was always the meeting of a knight with a shepherdess, which could lead to any of a number of possible conclusions. They were usually humorous pieces. The genre was allegedly invented by Cercamon, whose examples do not survive, and was most famously taken up by his (alleged) pupil Marcabru. Table of ''pastorelas'' Only a few pastorelas have survived; Audiau counts 24 "true" Old Occitan examples, mentioning 10 others which resemble them but belong to other genres and one which is a translation from French. Zemp reduces this number further, to 17. Notes Refere ...
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1262 In Poetry
Events Works published *''Sitot no m'es fort gaya la sazos'' by Bonifaci VI de Castellana, written at Montpellier, an attack on Charles of Anjou *''Quascus planh le sieu damnatge'', a ''planh'' of Raimon Gaucelm de Bezers for a bourgeois of Béziers named Guiraut de Linhan and the only such poem surviving for a middle-class figure *''{{lang, oc, L'autr' ier trobei la bergeira d'antan'', a ''pastorela'' by Guiraut Riquier Births * Guan Daosheng (died 1319), Chinese poet and painter during the Yuan Dynasty * U Tak (died 1342), Korea Deaths 13th-century poetry Poetry Poetry (derived from the Greek ''poiesis'', "making"), also called verse, is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language − such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre − to evoke meanings i ...

Dansa
A ''dansa'' (), also spelt ''dança'', was an Old Occitan form of lyric poetry developed in the late thirteenth century among the troubadours. It is related to the English term "dance" and was often accompanied by dancing. A closely related form, the ''balada'' or ''balaresc'', had a more complex structure, and is related to the ballade but unrelated to the ballad. Both terms derive from Occitan words for "to dance": ''dansar'' and ''balar/ballar''. A ''dansa'' begins with a ''respos'' of one or two lines, whose rhyme scheme matches that of the first line or two of each subsequent stanza. The actual ''respos'' may have been repeated between stanzas, of which there were usually three, as a refrain. The few surviving melodies of ''dansas'' seem like incipient virelais. The verses of the ''dansa'' were sung by a soloist while the refrain was sung by a choir. A ''dansa'' lacking a vuelta is called a ''danseta''. In a ''balada'' each stanza is divided into three parts. The first part ...
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Guilhem D'Autpol
Guilhem d'Autpol or Daspol ( fl. 1265–1270) was a troubadour from Hautpoul in the Languedoc. He wrote four works that survive, three dwelling on intensely religious themes. There exists some evidence internal in his songs that he was a jongleur early on. ''Esperansa de totz ferms esperans'' is a religious ''alba'' addressed to the Virgin Mary. ''L'autriers, a l'intrada d'abril'' is a pious ''pastorela'' that may allude to Joan Oliva, a Catalan friar who was active post-1270. This would make the work Guilhem's latest. His earliest datable work is ''tenso'' with God, ''Seinhos, aujas, c'aves saber e sen'', which must have been written sometime between the fall of Caesarea and Arsuf to the Mamluks in 1265 and the Crusade led by James the Conqueror—mentioned in the poem—in 1269. The chief object of Guilhem's addresses to God was a common one among troubadours of his time: the papal policy of launching Crusades against Christians or heretics in Europe to the detr ...
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Joyos De Tolosa
Joyos de Tolosa (probably late 13th century), whose first named is also spelled Joios, was a troubadour from Toulouse (also ''Toloza'' or ''Tholosa''). He has left behind only one ''pastorela'', "L'autr' ier el dous tems de Pascor", in which he names himself as the author. It is three ''coblas'' in length and mirrors the poem "Lantelm, qui·us onra ni·us acuoill" by Lanfranc Cigala Lanfranc Cigala (or Cicala) ( it, Lanfranco, oc, Lafranc; fl. 1235–1257) was a Genoese nobleman, knight, judge, and man of letters of the mid thirteenth century. He remains one of the most famous Occitan troubadours of Lombardy. Thirty-two o ... in structure. Joyos' knight compains to the shepherdess (''pastorela'') of the mistreatment he receives at the hands of his lady (''dompna''). Sources * Jeanroy, Alfred (1934). ''La poésie lyrique des troubadours''. Toulouse: Privat. *Monson, Don A"The Troubadour's Lady Reconsidered Again."'' Speculum'', 70:2 (Apr., 1995), pp. 255–274. Mus ...
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Cerverí De Girona
Cerverí de Girona (; fl. 1259 – 1285) was a Catalan troubadour born Guillem de Cervera in Girona. He was the most prolific troubadour, leaving behind some 114 lyric poems among other works, including an ''ensenhamen'' of proverbs for his son, totaling about 130. He was a court poet to James the Conqueror and Peter the Great. He wrote ''pastorelas'' and ''sirventes'' and his overriding concern was the complexities of court life. None of his music survives. Cerverí spent some time under the patronage and at the court of Hugh IV and Henry II of Rodez. He was in Spain in 1269, for he is found that year in the entourage of the then-''infante'' Peter the Great. With fellow troubadours Folquet de Lunel and Dalfinet he accompanied Peter to Toledo. On 26 April at Riello, near Cuenca, he received one ''solidus'' for his services. Cerverí's ''Cobla en sis lengatges'' ("Verse in six languages") copied the metre of either Folquet's ''Al bon rey q'es reys de pretz car'' or Sordel' ...
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Guiraut D'Espanha
Guiraut d'Espanha (Also ''d'Espagna'' or ''d'Espaigna''. or de Tholoza (fl. ''Floruit'' (; abbreviated fl. or occasionally flor.; from Latin for "they flourished") denotes a date or period during which a person was known to have been alive or active. In English, the unabbreviated word may also be used as a noun indicatin ... 1245–1265) was of the last generation of troubadours, working in Provence at the court of Charles of Anjou and Countess Beatrice.Aubrey, 24. Many of his poems were addressed to Beatrice. Guiraut was either from Spain or Toulouse—the manuscripts differ—but ten of his '' dansas'', a '' pastorela'', and a '' baladeta'' survive. One of his ''dansas'', ''Ben volgra s'esser poges'', survives with a melody. It begins: And ends: He also wrote ''Per amor soi gai''. Sources *Aubrey, Elizabeth. ''The Music of the Troubadours''. Indiana University Press, 1996. . Notes {{DEFAULTSORT:Guiraut Despanha 13th-century French troubadours Peopl ...
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1288 In Poetry
Events *Joan Esteve, troubadour, composes the ''pastorela'' "" Births {{Further, 1288 births Deaths * Adam de la Halle (born 1237), a French trouvère, poet and musician * Shang Ting (born 1209), writer of Chinese Sanqu poetry * Tikkana (born 1205), second poet of "Trinity of Poets (Kavi Trayam)" that translated Mahabharatamu into Telugu over a period of few centuries 13th-century poetry Poetry Poetry (derived from the Greek ''poiesis'', "making"), also called verse, is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language − such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre − to evoke meanings i ...

1285 In Poetry
Works published *', a ''pastorela'' by Joan Esteve Events *Summer — five troubadours compose a literary cycle of ''sirventes'' on the topic of the Aragonese Crusade: Bernart d'Auriac, Peter III of Aragon, Pere Salvatge, Roger Bernard III of Foix, and an anonymous. Births {{Empty section, date=July 2010 Deaths * Peter III of Aragon (born 1239), an Occitan troubadour and King of Aragon 13th-century poetry Poetry Poetry (derived from the Greek ''poiesis'', "making"), also called verse, is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language − such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre − to evoke meanings i ...

1275 In Poetry
{{Year nav topic5, 1275, poetry, literature Works published *''L'autr' ier al gai tems de Pascor'', a ''pastorela'' by Joan Esteve Births * Dnyaneshwar (died 1296), Maharashtran saint, poet, philosopher and yogi * Manuel Philes (died 1345), Byzantine * Robert Mannyng (died 1338), English monk, writing in Middle English, French and Latin * Musō Soseki (died 1351), Rinzai Zen Buddhist monk and teacher, and a calligraphist, poet and garden designer Deaths * Fujiwara no Tameie (born 1198), Japanese poet * John of Howden, English canon and poet writing in Norman French and Latin 13th-century poetry Poetry Poetry (derived from the Greek ''poiesis'', "making"), also called verse, is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language − such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre − to evoke meanings i ...

Joan Esteve
En Johan Esteve de Bezers, in modern orthography Joan Esteve ( fl. 1270–1288), was a troubadour from Béziers. The only chansonnier which contains his eleven works, also calls him Olier de Bezers, implying that he was perhaps a potter. All his works are accompanied by dates of composition which allows scholars to place his literary output between 1270 and 1288. Joan's work is pious and religious, but metrically complex, with difficult strophes (' being an example). He wrote three ''pastorelas'', all following Guiraut Riquier in style. His indiscreet ''cansos'' are dominated by courtly love, wherein the object of his affection is a woman known as ''Bel rai'' ("beautiful sunbeam"). He is not a typical southern troubadour in that he was thoroughly Gallicised and his sympathies were for the French. He dedicated several works to Guilhem de Lodeva, the Provençal admiral of the French Mediterranean. Joan's earliest work is ', a ''planh'' composed on the death of Amalric I of Narb ...
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1282 In Poetry
Events * Guiraut Riquier composes the pastorela ''A Sant Pos de Tomeiras'' Births {{Further, 1982 births Deaths * Abû 'Uthmân Sa'îd ibn Hakam al Qurashi (born 1204), Ra'îs of Manûrqa The Ra'îs of Manûrqa is a Muslim political title given to the two governors that from 1234 to 1287 ruled the island of Manûrqa (modern Menorca) as a vassal state of the Christian Kingdom of Majorca. During this period, the island was allowed ..., poet, scholar, writer; in Arabic in Menorca 13th-century poetry Poetry ...
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