|
Oesophageal Gland
The esophageal glands are glands that are part of the digestive system of various animals, including humans. In humans Esophageal glands in humans are a part of a human digestive system. They are a small compound racemose exocrine glands of the mucous type. There are two types: * Esophageal glands proper- mucous glands located in the submucosa. They are compound tubulo-alveolar glands. Some serous cells are present. These glands are more numerous in the upper third of the esophagus. They secrete acid mucin for lubrication. * Esophageal cardiac glands- mucous glands located near the cardiac orifice (esophago-gastric junction) in the lamina propria mucosae. They secrete neutral mucin that protects the esophagus from acidic gastric juices. They are simple tubular or branched tubular glands. * There are also mucous glands present at the pharyngo-esophageal junction in the lamina propria mucosae. These are simple tubular or branched tubular glands. Each opens upon the surface by a lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mucosa
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated. Structure The mucosa is composed of one or more layers of epithelial cells that secrete mucus, and an underlying lamina propria of loose connective tissue. The type of cells and type of mucus secreted vary from organ to organ and each can differ along a given tract. Mucous membranes line the digestive, respiratory and reproductive trac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Striated Muscular Fibers
{{disambiguation ...
Striations means a series of ridges, furrows or linear marks, and is used in several ways: * Glacial striation * Striation (fatigue), in material * Striation (geology), a ''striation'' as a result of a geological fault * Striation Valley, in Antarctica * In hyperbolic geometry, a ''striation'' is a reflection across two parallel mirrors. * In anatomy, striated muscle * Striations can be found in certain glasses. These have been caused by turbulent flow during teeming (pouring) of the glass. * Striations can be observed in clouds. See Barber's pole. * Ballistic fingerprinting Forensic firearm examination is the forensic process of examining the characteristics of firearms or bullets left behind at a crime scene. Specialists in this field try to link bullets to weapons and weapons to individuals. They can raise and re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scaly-foot Gastropod
''Chrysomallon squamiferum'', commonly known as the scaly-foot gastropod, scaly-foot snail, sea pangolin, or volcano snail is a species of deep-sea hydrothermal-vent snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Peltospiridae. This vent-endemic gastropod is known only from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Indian Ocean, where it has been found at depths of about . ''C. squamiferum'' differs greatly from other deep-sea gastropods, even the closely related neomphalines. In 2019, it was declared endangered on the IUCN Red List, the first species to be listed as such due to risks from deep-sea mining of its vent habitat. The shell is of a unique construction, with three layers; the outer layer consists of iron sulphides, the middle layer is equivalent to the organic periostracum found in other gastropods, and the innermost layer is made of aragonite. The foot is also unusual, being armored at the sides with iron-mineralised sclerites. The snail's oesophageal gland houses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neomphalina
Neomphaloidea is a superfamily of deep-sea snails or limpets, marine gastropod mollusks. Neomphaloidea is the only superfamily in the order Neomphalida. The order Neomphalida has the largest ''in situ'' radiation in hydrothermal vent habitats. Neomphalida is a major taxonomic grouping of sea snails, vent-endemic marine gastropod mollusks that form a very ancient lineage, going back to the Palaeozoic era. 2005 taxonomy The superfamily Neomphaloidea was regarded for a long time as belonging within the clade Vetigastropoda. Superfamily Neomphaloidea was also classified in the clade Vetigastropoda according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005. 2010 taxonomy Molecular phylogeny showed however that it belongs in its own order , the Neomphalida, and that this clade is basal to the Vetigastropoda. The Neomphalina is, based on optimal phylogenetic analysis, a monophyletic clade, with uncertain relations among the gastropods. Description The anatomical chara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neritimorpha
Neritimorpha is a taxonomic grouping, an unranked major clade of snails, gastropod mollusks. This grouping includes land snails, sea snails, slugs, some deepwater limpets, and also freshwater snails. Neritimorpha contains around 2,000 extant species. Some Neritimorphs are commonly kept as pets. This clade used to be known as the superorder Neritopsina. The clade Neritimorpha is, based on optimal phylogenetic analysis, deemed monophyletic. Etymology The clade’s name, Neritimorpha, is from the Ancient Greek νηρίτης (nērī́tēs 'Nerite') and μορφή (morphḗ 'form'). Geologic History and Evolution Neritimorpha has an extremely rich geologic history, going back to early Ordovician. This clade has been considered to be a leftover of early gastropod diversification. 1997 taxonomy According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Ponder & Lindberg, 1997) Neritopsina is a gastropod superorder in the subclass Orthogastropoda. The superfamily Palaeotrochoidea is con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cocculiniformia
The Cocculinoidea is a superfamily of deepwater limpets (marine gastropods), the only superfamily in the order Cocculinida , one of the main orders of gastropods according to the taxonomy as set up by ( Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). The clade Cocciliniformia used to be designated as a superorder. Taxonomy According to Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005, the superfamily Cocculinoidea contains the families Bathysciadiidae and Cocculinidae. The Cocculinoidea (Cocculinacea Dall, 1882) are combined with the Lepetelliodea (Lepetellacea Dall, 1882) in Cocculinoformia Haszprunar, 1987, referred to as a clade in Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 although it used to be designated a superorder by Ponder & Lindberg, 1997. Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) leave the Cocculiniformia to consist only of the Cocculinoidea, having moved the Lepetelloidea to the Vetigastropoda. (Note that before the stipulation by the ICZN, the majority of invertebrate superfamilies ended in -acea, or -aceae, not -oidea.) Overview of species Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vetigastropoda
Vetigastropoda is a major Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusc, mollusks that form a very ancient lineage (evolution), lineage. Taxonomically the Vetigastropoda are sometimes treated as an Order (biology), order, although they are treated as an unranked clade in taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), Bouchet and Rocroi, 2005. Vetigastropods are considered to be among the most primitive living gastropods, and are widely distributed in all oceans of the world. Their habitats range from the deep sea to intertidal zones. Many have exoskeleton, shells with slits or other secondary openings. One of their main characteristics is the presence of intersected crossed platy shell structure. Most vetigastropods have some bilateral asymmetry of their Organ (anatomy), organ systems. Description Vetigastropods range in size from approximately 0.08 in (2 mm) long in the case of Scissurelloidea or Skeneoidea, to more than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patelloidea
Patelloidea is a taxonomic superfamily of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass PatellogastropodaWoRMS (2020). Patelloidea Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=156481 on 2020-07-31 Genera Families within the superfamily Patelloidea include: * Nacellidae Thiele, 1891 * Patellidae Patellidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Patellogastropoda. (The superfamily Patelloidea should not be confused with the similar-sounding genus of true limpets ''Patelloida'' which ... Rafinesque, 1815 References * Bouchet, P., Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia. 47(1-2): 1-397 . {{Taxonbar, from=Q606711 Patellogastropoda Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digestive System Of Gastropods
The digestive system of gastropods has evolved to suit almost every kind of diet and feeding behavior. Gastropods (snails and slugs) as the largest taxonomic class of the mollusca are very diverse: the group includes carnivores, herbivores, scavengers, filter feeders, and even parasites. In particular, the radula is often highly adapted to the specific diet of the various group of gastropods. Another distinctive feature of the digestive tract is that, along with the rest of the visceral mass, it has undergone torsion, twisting around through 180 degrees during the larval stage, so that the anus of the animal is located above its head. A number of species have developed special adaptations to feeding, such as the "drill" of some limpets, or the harpoon of the neogastropod genus ''Conus''. Filter feeders use the gills, mantle lining, or nets of mucus to trap their prey, which they then pull into the mouth with the radula. The highly modified parasitic genus '' Enteroxenos'' has no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoplacophora
Monoplacophora , meaning "bearing one plate", is a polyphyletic superclass of molluscs with a cap-like shell inhabiting deep sea environments . Extant representatives were not recognized as such until 1952; previously they were known only from the fossil record, and were thought to have become extinct 375 million years ago. Although the shell of many monoplacophorans is limpet-like in shape, they are not gastropods, nor do they have any close relation to gastropods. Definition Discussion about monoplacophorans is made difficult by the slippery definition of the taxon; some authors take it to refer to all non-gastropod mollusks with a single shell, or all single-shelled mollusks with serially repeated units; whereas other workers restrict the definition to cap-shaped forms, excluding spiral and other shapes of shell. The inclusion of the gastropod-like Bellerophontoidea within the group is also contentious. One attempt to resolve this confusion was to separate out the predom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duct (anatomy)
In anatomy and physiology, a duct is a circumscribed channel leading from an exocrine gland or organ. Types of ducts Examples include: Duct system As ducts travel from the acinus which generates the fluid to the target, the ducts become larger and the epithelium becomes thicker. The parts of the system are classified as follows: Some sources consider "lobar" ducts to be the same as "interlobar ducts", while others consider lobar ducts to be larger and more distal from the acinus. For sources that make the distinction, the interlobar ducts are more likely to classified with simple columnar epithelium (or pseudostratified epithelium), reserving the stratified columnar for the lobar ducts. File:Gray1025.png, Section of submaxillary gland of kitten. Duct semidiagrammatic. X 200. File:Gray1173.png, Section of portion of mamma. Intercalated duct The intercalated duct, also called intercalary duct (ducts of Boll), is the portion of an exocrine gland leading directly from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mucus
Mucus ( ) is a slippery aqueous secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes. It is typically produced from cells found in mucous glands, although it may also originate from mixed glands, which contain both serous and mucous cells. It is a viscous colloid containing inorganic salts, antimicrobial enzymes (such as lysozymes), immunoglobulins (especially IgA), and glycoproteins such as lactoferrin and mucins, which are produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes and submucosal glands. Mucus serves to protect epithelial cells in the linings of the respiratory, digestive, and urogenital systems, and structures in the visual and auditory systems from pathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Most of the mucus in the body is produced in the gastrointestinal tract. Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, and to help in movement and is also produced in fish to line the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
