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No-show Paradox
In social choice, a no-show paradox is a Pathological (mathematics)#In voting and social choice, pathology in some Voting rule, voting rules, where a candidate loses an election as a result of having too many supporters. More formally, a no-show paradox occurs when adding voters who prefer Alice and Bob, ''Alice'' to ''Bob'' causes ''Alice'' to lose the election to ''Bob''. Voting systems without the no-show paradox are said to satisfy the participation criterion. In systems that fail the participation criterion, a voter can end up effectively disenfranchised by the electoral system, because turning out to vote would make the result worse for them; such voters are sometimes referred to as having Negative vote weight, negative vote weights, particularly in the context of Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, German constitutional law, where courts have ruled such a possibility violates the principle of one man, one vote. Positional voting, Positional methods and score voti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Choice
Social choice theory or social choice is a theoretical framework for analysis of combining individual opinions, preferences, interests, or welfares to reach a ''collective decision'' or ''social welfare'' in some sense.Amartya Sen (2008). "Social Choice,". ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd EditionAbstract & TOC./ref> Whereas choice theory is concerned with individuals making choices based on their preferences, social choice theory is concerned with how to translate the preferences of individuals into the preferences of a group. A non-theoretical example of a collective decision is enacting a law or set of laws under a constitution. Another example is voting, where individual preferences over candidates are collected to elect a person that best represents the group's preferences. Social choice blends elements of welfare economics and public choice theory. It is methodologically individualistic, in that it aggregates preferences and behaviors of individual member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |