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Milk-cap
Milk-cap (also milk cap, milkcap, or milky) is a common name that refers to mushroom-forming fungi of the genera ''Lactarius'', ''Lactifluus'', and ''Multifurca'', all in the family Russulaceae. The common and eponymous feature of their fruitbodies is the latex ("milk") they exude when cut or bruised. Mushrooms with typical milk-cap characteristics are said to have a lactarioid habit. Some of them are edible. Historically, these species were all united in the genus ''Lactarius'', but molecular phylogenetic analysis has shown that they belong in fact to three distinct clades: * ''Lactarius'' holds most of the milk-caps known from the Northern hemisphere. * ''Lactifluus'' contains mainly tropical species, but also some well known northern milk-caps. * ''Multifurca'' contains only one species exuding milk, '' M. furcata'' from North and Central America. Some prominent species *''Lactarius deliciosus'' - "saffron milk-cap" or "red pine mushroom" *''Lactarius deterrimus'' - "false ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multifurca Furcata
''Multifurca furcata'' is a rare mushroom-forming fungus in the genus ''Multifurca''. It was originally described as a ''Lactarius'' species in 1918 and was moved to the new genus ''Multifurca'' in 2008. With the genus ''Lactarius'' it shares the exudation of milk-like latex; however, it is microscopically and molecularly distinct. It has been found very infrequently, with currently known localities in the United States, Mexico, Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ..., and China. References External links Russulales News / ''Multifurca furcata'' Russulales Fungi described in 1918 {{russulales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans, including as a source for tinder, traditional medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist. Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases, and the two disciplines remain closely related because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. Overview Historically, mycology was a branch of botany because, although fungi are evolutionarily more closely related to animals than to plants, this was not recognized until a few decades ago. Pioneer mycologists included Elias Magnus Fries, Christian Hendrik Persoon, Anton de Bary, Elizabeth Eaton Morse, and Lewis David von Schweinitz. Beatrix Potter, author of ''The Tale of Peter Rabbit'', also made significant contributions to the fiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lactifluus Species
''Lactifluus'' is a genus of milk cap fungi in the family Russulaceae. Its species were formerly classified in ''Lactarius'' but have been split off as separate genus based on molecular phylogenetic evidence. A 2017 revision divided the genus in four subgenera: ''Lactifluus'', ''Lactariopsis'', ''Gymnocarpi'' and ''Pseudogymnocarpi''. Within the subgenera, sections have been recognised, but not all of the roughly 150 species could be assigned to named sections. Subgenus ''Lactifluus'' ''Lactifluus'' subg. ''Lactifluus'' :''Lactifluus'' sect. ''Lactifluus'' ::*'' Lactifluus acicularis'' (Van de Putte & Verbeken) Van de Putte 2012 ::*'' Lactifluus bicapillus'' De Crop, Lescroart, Njouonkou, et al., 2019 ::*'' Lactifluus corrugis'' (Peck) Kuntze 1891 ::*'' Lactifluus crocatus'' (Van de Putte & Verbeken) Van de Putte 2012 ::*'' Lactifluus distantifolius'' (Van de Putte, Stubbe & Verbeken) Van de Putte 2012 ::*'' Lactifluus jetiae'' L. Vaughan, L. Tegart, J. Douch & T. Lebel : ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lactarius Species ...
The genus ''Lactarius'' has about 583 members worldwide. The type species is ''Lactarius torminosus''. Probably the best known and most widely eaten is ''Lactarius deliciosus''. A large number of species were split into the ''Lactifluus'' genus based on molecular phylogenetic evidence. Key Species English names References Footnotes Citations Sources * * * * *{{cite web , url=http://www.fungi4schools.org/Reprints/ENGLISH_NAMES.pdf , title=Recommended English Names for Fungi in the UK , publisher=British Mycological Society , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716083053/http://www.fungi4schools.org/Reprints/ENGLISH_NAMES.pdf , archive-date=2011-07-16 * Lactarius ''Lactarius'' is a genus of mushroom-producing, ectomycorrhizal fungi, containing several edible species. The species of the genus, commonly known as milk-caps, are characterized by the milky fluid ("latex") they exude when cut or damaged. Like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lactifluus Volemus
''Lactifluus volemus'', formerly known as ''Lactarius volemus'', is a species of fungus in the family Russulaceae. It is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, in temperate regions of Europe, North America and Asia as well as some subtropical and tropical regions of Central America and Asia. A mycorrhizal fungus, its fruit bodies grow on the ground at the base of various species of trees from summer to autumn, either individually or in groups. It is valued as an edible mushroom, and is sold in markets in Asia. Several other ''Lactifluus'' mushrooms resemble ''L. volemus'', such as the closely related edible species '' L. corrugis'', but these can be distinguished by differences in distribution, visible morphology, and microscopic characteristics. ''L. volemus'' produces a white spore print and has roughly spherical spores about 7–8 micrometres in diameter. The colour of the ''L. volemus'' mushroom varies from apricot to tawny, and the cap may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lactifluus Vellereus
''Lactifluus vellereus'' (formerly ''Lactarius vellereus''), commonly known as the fleecy milk-cap, is a quite large fungus in the genus ''Lactifluus''. It is one of the two most common milk-caps found with beech trees, with the other being '' Lactarius subdulcis''. Taxonomy and systematics ''Lactifluus vellereus'' is one of a handful of north temperate milk caps that belong to the genus ''Lactifluus'' which has been separated from ''Lactarius'' on phylogenetic grounds. Its closest species is '' L. bertillonii'', with which it forms a rather isolated clade in the genus. Description Like other mushrooms in the family Russulaceae, the ''L. vellereus'' fruit body has crumbly, rather than fibrous, flesh, and when this is broken the fungus exudes a milky latex. The mature caps are white to cream, funnel-shaped, and up to in diameter. It has firm flesh, and a stipe which is shorter than the fruit body is wide. The gills are fairly distant (quite far apart), decurrent, and narro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lactifluus Piperatus
''Lactifluus piperatus'' (synonym ''Lactarius piperatus''), commonly known as the blancaccio, is a semi-edible basidiomycete fungus of the genus ''Lactifluus''. Despite being edible, it is not recommended by some because of its poor taste, though can be used as seasoning when dried. The fruiting body is a creamy-white mushroom which is funnel-shaped when mature, with exceptionally crowded gills. It bleeds a whitish peppery-tasting milk when cut. Widely distributed across Europe and eastern North America, ''Lactifluus piperatus'' has been accidentally introduced to Australia. Mycorrhizal, it forms a symbiotic relationship with various species of deciduous tree, including beech, and hazel, and fruiting bodies are found on the forest floor in deciduous woodland. Systematics and taxonomy The species was one of the many species named by Linnaeus who officially described it in Volume Two of his ''Species Plantarum'' in 1753 as ''Agaricus piperatus'', the specific epithet deriving from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lactarius Turpis
''Lactarius turpis'' (also ''L. plumbeus'' or ''L. necator'') is commonly known as the ugly milk-cap in English. It is found naturally in Europe and Siberia, and has been introduced to Australia and New Zealand. While especially associated with birch, it is also found with spruce, pine and other trees in mixed woodland. The messy, dirty appearance, seen in the photograph, is characteristic of the species and gives it its English name and the Latin species epithet, ''turpis''. It seems to collect debris on top and the gills acquire a dirty brownish stain due to discoloured milk. Taxonomy and naming This very variable mushroom demonstrates a common phenomenon in mycology as there is much disagreement over naming. The three main scientific designations: *''Lactarius turpis'' Fr., *''Lactarius necator'' ( Bull.: Fr.) Karsten, and *''Lactarius plumbeus'' ( Bull.: Fr.) S. F. Gray, are usually,Marcel Bon: "The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-Western Europe" Hodder & Stou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lactarius Torminosus
''Lactarius torminosus'', commonly known as the woolly milkcap or the bearded milkcap, is a large agaric fungus. A common and widely distributed species, it is found in North Africa, northern Asia, Europe, and North America. It was first described scientifically by Jacob Christian Schäffer in 1774 as an ''Agaricus'', and later transferred to the genus ''Lactarius'' in 1821 by Samuel Frederick Gray. A variety, ''L. torminosus'' var. ''nordmanensis'', is known from the United States, Canada, and Switzerland. ''L. torminosus'' officially became the type species of ''Lactarius'' in 2011 after molecular studies prompted the taxonomic reshuffling of species between several Russulaceae genera. A mycorrhizal species, ''L. torminosus'' associates with various trees, most commonly birch, and its fruit bodies (mushrooms) grow on the ground singly or in groups in mixed forests. The caps of ''L. torminosus'' mushrooms are convex with a central depression, and attain a dia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lactarius Quietus
''Lactarius quietus'' (commonly known as the oak milkcap, oakbug milkcap or southern milkcap) is a mushroom of the genus ''Lactarius''. It is easily identified by its oily scent and the concentric bands on its cap. It is brown, and is probably named after its matt, "quiet" surface and colouration. It is found exclusively under oak trees in Europe, where it grows solitarily or in scattered groups in autumn months. In North America, the variety ''L. quietus'' var. ''incanus'' is fairly common in the same habitat. The mushroom's edibility is disputed. Taxonomy and naming ''Lactarius quietus'' was first described and named by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries, who named it ''Agaricus quietus'' in the first volume of his ''Systema Mycologicum'', published in 1821. In his later ''Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici'', published in 1838, Fries transferred the species to ''Lactarius''. Subsequent attempts to reclassify the species were unsuccessful; in 1871, Paul Kummer described the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lactarius Indigo
''Lactarius indigo'', commonly known as the indigo milk cap, indigo milky, the indigo (or blue) lactarius, or the blue milk mushroom, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Russulaceae. A widely distributed species, it grows naturally in eastern North America, East Asia, and Central America; it has also been reported in southern France. ''L. indigo'' grows on the ground in both deciduous and coniferous forests, where it forms mycorrhizal associations with a broad range of trees. The fruit body color ranges from dark blue in fresh specimens to pale blue-gray in older ones. The milk, or latex, that oozes when the mushroom tissue is cut or broken — a feature common to all members of the genus ''Lactarius'' — is also indigo blue, but slowly turns green upon exposure to air. The cap has a diameter of , and the stem is tall and thick. It is an edible mushroom, and is sold in rural markets in China, Guatemala, and Mexico. In Honduras the mushroom is called a chora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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