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Law Of Switzerland
Swiss law is a set of rules which constitutes the law in Switzerland. Structure and Sources There is a hierarchy of political levels which reflects the legal and constitutional character of Switzerland. The Federal law (german: Bundesrecht, french: Droit fédéral, it, Diritto federale) consist of the following parts: * International law, * Internal law, According to the current Federal Constitution (SR 101 Art. 1, 3) and the principle of subsidiarity (Switzerland) (SR 101 Art. 5a) and the ''Title 3 Confederation, Cantons and Communes'' (SR 101), the Cantons of Switzerland "''are sovereign except to the extent that their sovereignty is limited by the Federal Constitution. They exercise all rights that are not vested in the Confederation''" and "''the principle of subsidiarity must be observed in the allocation and performance of state tasks''". The Internal law (german: Landesrecht, french: Droit interne, it, Diritto interno, rm, Dretg naziunal) consists of the following ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Civil Code
The Swiss Civil Code (SR/RS 210, german: Schweizerisches Zivilgesetzbuch (ZGB); french: Code civil suisse (CC); it, Codice civile svizzero (CC); rm, Cudesch civil svizzer) is a portion of the second part (SR/RS 2) of the internal Swiss law ("Private law - Administration of civil justice - Enforcement") that regulates the codified law ruling in Switzerland and relationship between individuals. It was first adopted in 1907 (effective since 1 January 1912). It was largely influenced by the German civil code, and partly influenced by the French civil code, but the majority of comparative law scholars (such as K. Zweigert and Rodolfo Sacco) argue that the Swiss code derives from a distinct paradigm of civil law. History and influences Adopted on 10 December 1907 (and is thus formally known as the ''Swiss Civil Code of 10 December 1907''), and in force since 1912. It was created by Eugen Huber, it was subsequently translated in the two other national languages (at the time Romans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Nationality Law
Swiss citizenship is the status of being a citizen of Switzerland and it can be obtained by birth or naturalisation. The Swiss Citizenship Law is based on the following principles: * Triple citizenship level (Swiss Confederation, canton, and municipality) * Acquisition of citizenship through descent (''jus sanguinis'') * Prevention of statelessness Swiss nationals are citizens of their municipality of origin, their canton of origin, and the Confederation, in that order: a Swiss citizen is defined as someone who has the citizenship of a Swiss municipality (article 37 of the Swiss Federal Constitution). They are entered in the family register of their place of origin. The manner by which Swiss citizens acquire their place of origin differs depending on whether they acquired Swiss citizenship by filiation (jus sanguinis), ordinary naturalisation, or facilitated naturalisation. Marriage has in and of itself no effect on the places of origin of the spouses. Acquisition of Swiss citi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a new policy or specific law, or the referendum may be only advisory. In some countries, it is synonymous with or commonly known by other names including plebiscite, votation, popular consultation, ballot question, ballot measure, or proposition. Some definitions of 'plebiscite' suggest it is a type of vote to change the constitution or government of a country. The word, 'referendum' is often a catchall, used for both legislative referrals and initiatives. Etymology 'Referendum' is the gerundive form of the Latin verb , literally "to carry back" (from the verb , "to bear, bring, carry" plus the inseparable prefix , here meaning "back"Marchant & Charles, Cassell's Latin Dictionary, 1928, p. 469.). As a gerundive is an adjective,A gerundiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Code Of Obligations
The Swiss Code of Obligations (SR/RS 22, german: Obligationenrecht; french: Code des obligations; it, Diritto delle obbligazioni; rm, Dretg d'obligaziuns) is a portion of the second part (SR/RS 2) of the internal Swiss law ("Private law - Administration of civil justice - Enforcement") that regulates contract law and corporations (Aktiengesellschaft). It was first adopted in 1911 (effective since 1 January 1912). Swiss law is often used to regulate international contracts, as it is deemed neutral with respect to the parties. It is no. 220 in the Swiss Official Compilation of Federal Legislation. History In Switzerland, private law was originally left to the individual Swiss cantons, which enacted codifications such as the Zurich Law of Obligations of 1855. In 1864, the Bernese jurist Walther Munzinger was assigned a task to draft a unified code of obligations. This early project came to nothing, as it was not yet considered to fall under federal jurisdiction. Four years later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Council (Switzerland)
The Federal Council (german: Bundesrat; french: Conseil fédéral; it, Consiglio federale; rm, Cussegl federal) is the executive body of the federal government of the Swiss Confederation and serves as the collective head of state and government of Switzerland. It meets in the west wing of the Federal Palace in Bern. While the entire Federal Council is responsible for leading the federal administration of Switzerland, each Councillor heads one of the seven federal executive departments. The position of President of the Swiss Confederation rotates among the seven Councillors on a yearly basis, with one year's Vice President of Switzerland becoming the next year's President of Switzerland. Ignazio Cassis has been the incumbent officeholder since 1 January 2022. An election of the entire Federal Council occurs every four years; voting is restricted to the 246 members of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland. There is no mechanism for recall after election. Incumbents are almost a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tages-Anzeiger
''Tages-Anzeiger'' (), also abbreviated ''Tagi'' or ''TA'', is a Swiss German-language national daily newspaper published in Zurich, Switzerland. History and profile The paper was first published under the name ''Tages-Anzeiger für Stadt und Kanton Zürich'' in 1893. The founder was a German, Wilhelm Girardet. Its current name, ''Tages-Anzeiger'', was adopted later. The paper is based in Zurich and is published in broadsheet. Its owner and publisher is Tamedia and its editor is Res Strehle. Although ''Tages-Anzeiger'' is a national newspaper, it focuses mainly on the Zurich region. Circulation The circulation of ''Tages-Anzeiger'' was 70,000 copies in 1910. It rose to 83,000 copies in 1930 and to 116,000 copies in 1950. In the period of 1995–1996 ''Tages-Anzeiger'' had a circulation of 282,222 copies, making it the second best-selling paper in the country. In 1997 its circulation was 283,139 copies. The circulation of the paper was 280,000 copies in 2000. ''Tages-Anzeiger' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parole
Parole (also known as provisional release or supervised release) is a form of early release of a prison inmate where the prisoner agrees to abide by certain behavioral conditions, including checking-in with their designated parole officers, or else they may be rearrested and returned to prison. Originating from the French word ''parole'' ("speech, spoken words" but also "promise"), the term became associated during the Middle Ages with the release of prisoners who gave their word. This differs greatly from pardon, amnesty or commutation of sentence in that parolees are still considered to be serving their sentences, and may be returned to prison if they violate the conditions of their parole. Modern development Alexander Maconochie, a Scottish geographer and captain in the Royal Navy, introduced the modern idea of parole when, in 1840, he was appointed superintendent of the British penal colonies in Norfolk Island, Australia. He developed a plan to prepare them for event ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Age Of Consent
The age of consent is the age at which a person is considered to be legally competent to consent to sexual acts. Consequently, an adult who engages in sexual activity with a person younger than the age of consent is unable to legally claim that the sexual activity was consensual, and such sexual activity may be considered child sexual abuse or statutory rape. The person below the minimum age is considered the victim, and their sex partner the offender, although some jurisdictions provide exceptions through " Romeo and Juliet laws" if one or both participants are underage, and are close in age. The term ''age of consent'' typically does not appear in legal statutes. Generally, a law will establish the age below which it is illegal to engage in sexual activity with that person. It has sometimes been used with other meanings, such as the age at which a person becomes competent to consent to marriage, but consent to sexual activity is the meaning now generally understood. It sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capital Punishment In Switzerland
Capital punishment is forbidden in Switzerland by article 10, paragraph 1 of the Swiss Federal Constitution. Capital punishment was abolished from federal criminal law in 1942, but remained available in military criminal law until 1992. The last actual executions in Switzerland took place during World War II. Use, abolition and reinstatement In the Middle Ages and Early Modern period, the most common method of execution, at least for males, was decapitation with a sword. The archivist Gerold Meyer von Knonau has provided statistics for the canton of Zurich from the 15th century up to and including the 18th century. 1,445 persons were condemned to death (1,198 men, 247 women). 915 of these were sentenced to be beheaded, 270 hanged, 130 burnt alive, 99 drowned, 26 broken on the wheel, 1 quartered alive, 2 buried alive, 1 immured, and the last one was impaled. The last three execution methods were in use in the 15th century, drowning was discontinued in 1613. In 1835, the guilloti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Criminal Code
, french: Code pénal suisse (CP), it, Codice penale svizzero (CP), rm, Cudesch penal svizzer , citation = , territorial_extent = Switzerland , enacted_by = Federal Assembly of Switzerland , date_enacted = 20 December 1937 , date_passed = , enacted_by2 = , date_enacted2 = , date_passed2 = , date_assented = , royal_assent = , date_signed = , signed_by = , date_commenced = 01 January 1942 , date_of_expiry = , date_repealed = , administered_by = , bill = , bill_citation = , bill_date = , introduced_by = , 1st_reading = , 2nd_reading = , 3rd_reading = , conf_committee_passed = , committee_report = , bill2 = , bill_citation2 = , bill_date2 = , introduced_by2 = , 1st_reading2 = , 2nd_reading2 = , 3rd_reading2 = , conf_committee_passed2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodolfo Sacco
Rodolfo Sacco (21 November 1923 – 21 March 2022) was an Italian legal scholar. Biography Born in Fossano, Italy, he was professor emeritus at the University of Turin, Faculty of Law. He is arguably one of the country's best known legal scholars and one of Europe's most famous comparative lawyers. Sacco continued to teach and publish extensively on the topics of comparative law, legal harmonization and private law. He has authored numerous articles in the leading French and American journals. He has served as the President of the Latin Group of the International Academy of Comparative Law, he is particularly well known as a civilian scholar in the French tradition. However, his international reputation is that of one of the founding fathers of the rich comparative law tradition that is now dominant in European circles. Sacco has also served as the President of the International Association of Legal Science (UNESCO). Sacco died on 21 March 2022, at the age of 98. See also * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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