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Kolakretai
The ''kolakretai'' or ''kolagretai'' ( grc, κωλακρέται or κωλαγρέται) were very ancient magistrates at Athens, who had the management of all financial matters in the time of the kings, at least as early as the 7th century BC. They are said to have derived their name from collecting certain parts of the victims at sacrifices (), from ''kola'', a Greek noun meaning "limbs". The legislation of Solon left the ''kolakretai'' untouched, but Cleisthenes deprived them of the charge of the finances, which he transferred to the '' apodektai'', who were established in their stead. From this time, the ''kolakretai'' had only to provide for the meals in the '' Prytaneum'', and subsequently had likewise to pay the fees to the ''dikastes'', when the practice of paying the ''dikastes'' was introduced by Pericles.Philipp August Böckh Philipp is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include: "Philipp" has also been a shortened version of Philippson, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apodektai
The ''apodektai'' ( grc, ἀποδέκται, "receivers") were public officers at Athens, who were introduced by Cleisthenes in the place of the ancient '' kolakretai'' (). They were ten in number, one for each Athenian tribe (''phyle''), and their duty was to receive all the ordinary taxes and distribute them to the separate branches of the administration, which were entitled to them. They accordingly kept lists of persons indebted to the state, made entries of all monies that were paid in, and erased the names of the debtors from the lists. They had the power to decide causes connected with the subjects under their management; though if the matters in dispute were of importance, they were obliged to bring them for decision into the ordinary courts.Philipp August Böckh Philipp is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include: "Philipp" has also been a shortened version of Philippson, a German surname especially prevalent amongst German Jews and Dutch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magistrate
The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law. In ancient Rome, a '' magistratus'' was one of the highest ranking government officers, and possessed both judicial and executive powers. In other parts of the world, such as China, a magistrate was responsible for administration over a particular geographic area. Today, in some jurisdictions, a magistrate is a judicial officer who hears cases in a lower court, and typically deals with more minor or preliminary matters. In other jurisdictions (e.g., England and Wales), magistrates are typically trained volunteers appointed to deal with criminal and civil matters in their local areas. Original meaning In ancient Rome, the word '' magistratus'' referred to one of the highest offices of state. Analogous offices in the local authorities, such as ''municipium'', were subordinate only to the legislature of which they generally were members, '' ex officio'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |