|
Kende
The ''kende'' (or ''kündü'') was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early Hungarians along with the '' gyula'' or war-chief. The function of the ''kende'' is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince").Victor SpineiThe Great Migrations in the East and South East of Europe from the Ninth to the Thirteenth Century: Hungarians, Pechenegs and Uzes Hakkert, 2006, p. 42Kevin Alan BrookThe Jews of Khazaria Rowman & Littlefield, 2009, p. 253 At the time of the Magyar migration to Pannonia, the ''kende'' was named Kurszán. Upon Kurszán's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the ''gyula'' Árpád, creating a single-head monarchy for Hungary. Though there are some scholars (for example Gyula Kristó) who believe that Árpád was the ''kende'', who later took up the functions of the ''gyula''. Some scholars have speculated that the early Magyar dual kingship derived from their time as vassals of the Khazars. Indeed, the Khazars were desc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Árpád
Árpád (; 845 – 907) was the head of the confederation of the Magyar tribes at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries. He might have been either the sacred ruler or ''kende'' of the Hungarians, or their military leader or '' gyula'', although most details of his life are debated by historians, because different sources contain contradictory information. Despite this, many Hungarians refer to him as the "founder of our country", and Árpád's preeminent role in the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin has been emphasized by some later chronicles. The dynasty descending from Árpád ruled the Kingdom of Hungary until 1301. Biography Early life Árpád was the son of Álmos who is mentioned as the first head of the confederation of the Magyar tribes by all Hungarian chronicles. His mother's name and family are unknown. According to historian Gyula Kristó, Árpád was born around 845. His name derived from the Hungarian word for barley, ''árpa''. The By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyula (title)
''Gyula'' (Yula, Gula, Gila) was, according to Muslim and Byzantine sources, the title of one of the leaders, the second in rank, of the Magyar tribes, Hungarian tribal federation in the 9th–10th centuries. In the earliest Hungarian sources, the title name is only recorded as a personal name (''Gyyla'', ''Geula'', ''Gyla'', ''Iula''). According to the Hungarian chronicles, Transylvania was ruled by a line of princes called Gyula, and their country was occupied by King Stephen I of Hungary (1000/1001–1038). Etymology The title name has not convincing Etymology, etymologies, but it is probably of Turkic languages, Turkic origin, cf. *''yula'' "torch". The ''gyula''s in the 9th century The first data of the title, recorded by Ibn Rusta and Gardizi, can be traced back to the earlier works of Abu Abdallah al-Jayhani. According to these earliest pieces of evidence, the Hungarians were ruled conjointly by two ‘kings’. The major one, called ''kende'' (or ''künde''), enjoyed n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurszán
Kurszán (died 904), was a kende of the Magyars in the dual leadership with Árpád serving as a gyula - according to a mainstream theory. While ''kende'' probably corresponded roughly to the Khazar title ''khagan'', Kurszán's role equated to the Khazar military title '' bek''. In Latin sources he was referred to as '' rex'' and some scholars say he had a political status as a sacred king until he was massacred in a political plot of Western rulers and was temporarily succeeded by Árpád. Hungarian conquest He had a crucial role in the Hungarian Conquest (Honfoglalás). In 892/893 together with Arnulf of Carinthia he attacked Great Moravia to secure the eastern borders of the Frankish Empire. Arnulf gave him all the captured lands in Moravia. Kurszán also occupied the southern part of Hungary that had belonged to the Bulgarian Kingdom. He entered into an alliance with the Byzantine emperor Leo VI after realizing the country's vulnerability from the south. Together they surpri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khazars
The Khazars ; he, כּוּזָרִים, Kūzārīm; la, Gazari, or ; zh, 突厥曷薩 ; 突厥可薩 ''Tūjué Kěsà'', () were a semi-nomadic Turkic people that in the late 6th-century CE established a major commercial empire covering the southeastern section of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, Crimea, and Kazakhstan. They created what for its duration was the most powerful polity to emerge from the break-up of the Western Turkic Khaganate. Astride a major artery of commerce between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, Southwestern Asia, Khazaria became one of the foremost trading empires of the Early Middle Ages, early medieval world, commanding the western March (territory), marches of the Silk Road and playing a key commercial role as a crossroad between China, the Middle East and Kievan Rus'. For some three centuries (c. 650–965) the Khazars dominated the vast area extending from the Volga-Don steppes to the eastern Crimea and the northern Caucasus. Khazari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kündür
According to ibn Fadlan, the Kündür was an official in the Khazar government under the command of the Khagan Bek. Ibn Fadlan did not describe the duties of this officer, nor does any extant source. The Magyars had a dual-kingship system in which power was divided between a gyula and a kende; therefore it has been hypothesized that the kündür was a client-ruler of Hungarian remnants who remained in the Pontic steppe during the 10th century. Alternatively, it has been suggested that the title may derive from an Old Turkic word for law, and that the kündür may have been a judicial officer, possibly the head of the Khazar judiciary. Noting that ''kündü'' only exists in Siberian Turkic where it means "awe, politeness, reverence, regale", Peter B. Golden proposes that Turkic ''kündü'' is borrowed from Mongolic *''kündü-'' (> Middle Mongol kündü > Khalkha хүнд ''hünd'', meaning "heavy"). Sources *Kevin Alan Brook Kevin () is the anglicized form of the Irish mas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Uralic language family. There are an estimated 15 million ethnic Hungarians and their descendants worldwide, of whom 9.6 million live in today's Hungary. About 2–3 million Hungarians live in areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 and are now parts of Hungary's seven neighbouring countries, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, and Austria. Significant groups of people with Hungarian ancestry live in various other parts of the world, most of them in the United States, Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Chile, Brazil, Australia, and Argentina. Hungarians can be divided into several subgroups according to local linguistic and cultural characteristics; subgroups with distinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiszacsécse
Tiszakanyár is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and has a population of 245 people (2015). History The name of the settlement appears in written form in 1181, during the border crossing of the Czégény monastery. In 1288, the son of Stephen I, II. Mikó - the ancestor of the Kölcsey and Kende families - rewrites the charter of the Czégény monastery, where he is named as a member of the Szentemágócs clan. In 1315 Csécse (Tiszacsécse) belonged to the Kölcsey family from the Szentemágócs family. In 1344, after the death of their father, King Charles Robert sued the sons of Matthew, the sons of Matthew, after the death of their father. In his deed dated July 4, 1334, Dénes confirmed the five sons of the Czégény monastery in the court of the monastery of Czégény, and in the possession of Csécse (Tiszacsécse) and ten other villages. In 1345, the sons of Dénes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagy Iván
Nagy () is the most common Hungarian surname, meaning "great". The surname is also common among ethnic Hungarians in the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina, where it is spelled Nađ () and may be transliterated in other languages as Nadj. In Romania, the name Nagy is sometimes rendered as Naghi. Nagyová is a Czech-language and Slovak-language feminine surname derived from the Hungarian surname Nagy according to the rules of Czech name formation. It is transliterated into Russian and Ukrainian as Надь and rendered in English as Nad. Given name Notable people with the given name include: *Nagy Aguilera (born 1968), Dominican Republic boxer * Nagy Habib (born 1952), Egyptian professor, surgeon Surname Notable people with the surname include: * Ádám Nagy (born 1995), Hungarian football player * Andrea Nagy (born 1971), Hungarian basketball player * Andrej Prean Nagy (born 1923), Hungarian footballer * Adrienn Nagy (born 2001), Hungarian tennis player * Anikó Nagy ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cégénydányád
Cégénydányád is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. It is best known for its wine region. Geography It covers an area of and has a population Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a ... of 735 people (2001). External links * Populated places in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County {{Szabolcs-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milota
{{Szabolcs-geo-stub ...
Milota is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and is located on the river Tisza. Milota has a population of 909 people (2015). References Milota Milota is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and is located on the river Tisza. Milota has a population Population typically refers to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szatmárcseke
Szatmárcseke is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. Geography It lies at a distance of 94 km from Nyíregyháza, 29 km from Vásárosnamény, 17 km from Fehérgyarmat, 18 km from Tiszabecs, and 11 km from Tiszacsécse Tiszakanyár is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and has a population of 245 people (2015). History The name of the settlement appears in w .... History The first written mention of the village arose in 1181 as Cseke. This time it was a thriving village that owned a church. (Hungarian) References Populated places in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County {{Szabolcs-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
