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Interchange Law
Interchange may refer to: Transport * Interchange (road), a collection of ramps, exits, and entrances between two or more highways * Interchange (freight rail), the transfer of freight cars between railroad companies * Interchange station, a railway station where two or more routes meet and allow passengers to change trains * Cross-platform interchange, the transfer between trains across a station platform * Transport interchange or transport hub to include jointly operated interchange flights by two or more airlines Other uses * Interchange (de Kooning), ''Interchange'' (de Kooning), a 1955 painting by Willem de Kooning * Interchange (album), ''Interchange'' (album), a 1994 album by guitarist Pat Martino * Interchange (Australian rules football), a team position in Australian rules football * Interchange circuit, a circuit that facilitates the exchange of data and signaling information * Interchange fee, a fee paid between banks in the payment card industry * Interchange (film ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange (road)
In the field of road transport, an interchange (American English) or a grade-separated junction (British English) is a road junction that uses grade separations to allow for the movement of traffic between two or more roadways or highways, using a system of interconnecting roadways to permit traffic on at least one of the routes to pass through the junction without interruption from crossing traffic streams. It differs from a standard intersection, where roads cross at grade. Interchanges are almost always used when at least one road is a controlled-access highway (freeway or motorway) or a limited-access divided highway (expressway), though they are sometimes used at junctions between surface streets. Terminology ''Note:'' The descriptions of interchanges apply to countries where vehicles drive on the right side of the road. For left-side driving, the layout of junctions is mirrored. Both North American (NA) and British (UK) terminology is included. ; Freeway junction, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange (freight Rail)
In freight rail transport, interchange is the practice of railroads conveying freight cars ("foreign" cars) from other companies over their lines. This benefits shippers, whose cargo might otherwise have to be transhipped if the point of origin and destination are not both served by the same company. In passenger rail transport the term through car or through coach is used to denote a passenger car which is conveyed from one train to another, even within the same system. Interchange is sometimes equivalent to the practice of demurrage. See also * Dividing train A dividing train is a passenger train that separates into two trains partway along its route, so as to serve two destinations. Inversely, two trains from different origins may be coupled together mid-route to reach a common endpoint. Trains on c ... * Portion working References * * {{rail-stub Rail freight transport ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange Station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare. Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area. History With the opening of the Woodside and Birkenhead Dock Street Tramway in 1873, Birkenhead Dock railway station in Birkenhead, England probably became the world's first tram to train interchange station. Examples Verney Junction interchange station in Buckinghamsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross-platform Interchange
A cross-platform interchange is a type of interchange between different lines at a metro (or other railway) station. The term originates with the London Underground; such layouts exist in other networks but are not commonly so named. In the United States, it is often referred to as a cross-platform transfer. This configuration occurs at a station with island platforms, with a single platform in between the tracks allocated to two directions of travel, or two side platforms between the tracks, connected by level corridors. The benefit of this design is that passengers do not need to use stairs to another platform level for transfer. A cross-platform interchange arrangement may be costly to build due to the complexity of rail alignment, especially if the railway designers also arrange the track with flyovers (which is typically done to increase efficiency). A typical bidirectional cross-platform interchange configuration consists of two outbound directions of two different li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transport Hub
A transport hub is a place where passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles and/or between transport modes. Public transport hubs include railway stations, rapid transit stations, bus stops, tram stops, airports and ferry slips. Freight hubs include classification yards, airports, seaports and truck terminals, or combinations of these. For private transport by car, the parking lot functions as a unimodal hub. History Historically, an interchange service in the scheduled passenger air transport industry involved a "through plane" flight operated by two or more airlines where a single aircraft was used with the individual airlines operating it with their own flight crews on their respective portions of a direct, no-change-of-plane multi-stop flight. In the U.S., a number of air carriers including Alaska Airlines, American Airlines, Braniff International Airways, Continental Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Eastern Airlines, Frontier Airlines (1950-1986), Hughes Air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange (de Kooning)
''Interchange'', also known as ''Interchanged'', is an abstract expressionist oil painting on canvas by Dutch-American painter Willem de Kooning (1904–1997). Like Jackson Pollock, de Kooning was one of the early artists of the abstract expressionism movement, the first American modern art movement. The painting measures and was completed in 1955. It marked the transition of the subjects of de Kooning's paintings from women to abstract urban landscapes. It reflects a transition in de Kooning's painting technique due the influence of artist Franz Kline, who inspired de Kooning to paint with quickly made gestural marks as opposed to violent brush strokes. The painting features a fleshy pink mass at its center, representing a seated woman. Originally sold by the artist in 1955 for $4,000, it was sold by the David Geffen Foundation to Kenneth C. Griffin for $300 million in September 2015, then ranking it first on the list of most expensive paintings. It has been on loan at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange (album)
''Interchange'' is an album by guitarist Pat Martino which was recorded in 1994 and first released on the Muse label. Reception AllMusic awarded the album 3 stars stating "The set here is a mixture of ballads and a few mid-tempo hard bop/post-bop numbers. While the temperature is not nearly as hot as his earlier work, the overall results prove to be more seasoned and mature sounding than anything he has ever recorded before. This recording was the first of many during the '90s, thanks to an entirely new generation discovering the genius of Pat Martino".Taylor, RAllmusic listingaccessed September 10, 2013 Writing for All About Jazz, Douglas Payne commented: "one could argue that ''Interchange'' is a neglected post-bop classic. Martino's ability to craft perfect, toe-tapping melodies rivals only Freddie Hubbard's. Like Hubbard, Martino's compositions serve as excellent launch pads for beautiful, creative playing... Martino has never played better or with more verve, wit and energy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange (Australian Rules Football)
Interchange (or, colloquially, the bench or interchange bench) is a team position in Australian rules football, consisting of players who are part of the selected team but are not currently on the field of play. Interchange numbers AFL As of the 2021 season, at AFL level, each team is permitted four interchange players, and a maximum of seventy-five total player interchanges during a game; players have no limit to the number of times they may individually be changed, and an interchange can occur at any time during the game, including during gameplay. Additionally, a fifth bench player is designated a medical substitute, allowed to take the field only to permanently replace a player deemed medically unfit to continue; except with permission from the AFL Medical Officer, a player thus substituted off would be ineligible to play again until at least twelve days later. The players named on the interchange bench and as the substitute in the teamsheet, which is submitted ninety minut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange Circuit
In telecommunication, an interchange circuit is a circuit that facilitates the exchange of data and signaling information between data terminal equipment In telecommunication, the term terminal equipment has the following meanings: * Communications equipment at either end of a communications link, used to permit the stations involved to accomplish the mission for which the link was established. * I ... ( DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment ( DCE). An interchange circuit can carry many types of signals and provide many types of service features, such as control signals, timing signals, and common return functions. References Communication circuits Telecommunications equipment {{telecomm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange Fee
Interchange fee is a term used in the payment card industry to describe a fee paid between banks for the acceptance of card-based transactions. Usually for sales/services transactions it is a fee that a merchant's bank (the "acquiring bank") pays a customer's bank (the " issuing bank"). In a credit card or debit card transaction, the card-issuing bank in a payment transaction deducts the interchange fee from the amount it pays the acquiring bank that handles a credit or debit card transaction for a merchant. The acquiring bank then pays the merchant the amount of the transaction minus both the interchange fee and an additional, usually smaller, fee for the acquiring bank or independent sales organization (ISO), which is often referred to as a discount rate, an add-on rate, or passthru. For cash withdrawal transactions at ATMs, however, the fees are paid by the card-issuing bank to the acquiring bank (for the maintenance of the machine). Overview These fees are set by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange (film)
''Interchange'' is a 2016 Malaysian-Indonesian fantasy thriller film directed by Dain Iskandar Said and starring Shaheizy Sam, Nicholas Saputra, Prisia Nasution, Alvin Wong, and Iedil Putra. The film premiered in the Locarno International Film Festival on 5 August 2016 and was released in Malaysian cinemas on the 1st of December of the same year. Plot Cast * Iedil Putra as Adam * Shaheizy Sam as Detective Man * Nicholas Saputra as Belian * Prisia Nasution as Iva * Nadiya Nisaa as Sain * Alvin Wong as Detective Jason * Chew Kin Wah as Heng * Junad M. Nor * Kaka Azraff as Melur Production Dain Iskandar had written the draft of the script in a matter of three weeks while he was editing the footage for '' Bunohan'' in Bangkok, Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interchange Of Limiting Operations
In mathematics, the study of interchange of limiting operations is one of the major concerns of mathematical analysis, in that two given limiting operations, say ''L'' and ''M'', cannot be ''assumed'' to give the same result when applied in either order. One of the historical sources for this theory is the study of trigonometric series. Formulation In symbols, the assumption :''LM'' = ''ML'', where the left-hand side means that ''M'' is applied first, then ''L'', and ''vice versa'' on the right-hand side, is not a valid equation between mathematical operators, under all circumstances and for all operands. An algebraist would say that the operations do not commute. The approach taken in analysis is somewhat different. Conclusions that assume limiting operations do 'commute' are called ''formal''. The analyst tries to delineate conditions under which such conclusions are valid; in other words mathematical rigour is established by the specification of some set of sufficient conditio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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