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Hemobilia
Haemobilia is a medical condition of bleeding into the biliary tree. Haemobilia occurs when there is a fistula between a vessel of the splanchnic circulation and the intrahepatic or extrahepatic biliary system. It can present as acute upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding. It should be considered in upper abdominal pain presenting with UGI bleeding especially when there is a history of liver injury or instrumentation. First recorded in 1654 by Francis Glisson, a university of Cambridge, Cambridge professor. Presentation Quincke's triad of upper abdominal pain, Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage and jaundice is classical but only present in 22% cases. It can be immediately life-threatening in major bleeding. However, in minor haemobilia, patient is haemodynamically stable despite significant blood loss being apparent. Causes The causes of haemobilia include Physical trauma, trauma (which can be accidental or iatrogenic due to procedures such as c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a technique that combines the use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat certain problems of the biliary or pancreatic ductal systems. It is primarily performed by highly skilled and specialty trained gastroenterologists. Through the endoscope, the physician can see the inside of the stomach and duodenum, and inject a contrast medium into the ducts in the biliary tree and pancreas so they can be seen on radiographs. ERCP is used primarily to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts and main pancreatic duct, including gallstones, inflammatory strictures (scars), leaks (from trauma and surgery), and cancer. ERCP can be performed for diagnostic and therapeutic reasons, although the development of safer and relatively non-invasive investigations such as magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic ultrasound has meant that ERCP is now rarely performed without therapeutic intent. Medica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |