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Haplogroup K2b1(Y-DNA)
Haplogroup K2b1, known sometimes as haplogroup MS, is a human Y-DNA haplogroup, defined by SNPs P397 and P399. It has a complex, diverse and not-yet fully understood internal structure; its downstream descendants include the major haplogroups Haplogroup M (P256) and Haplogroup S (M230). It is not clear at present whether the basal paragroup K2b1* is carried by any living males. Individuals carrying subclades of K2b1 are found primarily among Papuan peoples, Micronesian peoples, indigenous Australians, and Polynesians. It is also carried by Negrito and Melanesian minorities in The Philippines as well as Indonesia. Structure K2b1 is a direct descendant of K2b – known previously as Haplogroup MPS. Its only primary branches are the major haplogroups S (B254), also known as K2b1a (and previously known as Haplogroup S1 or K2b1a4) and M (P256), also known as K2b1b (previously K2b1d). Distribution K2b1 is strongly associated with the indigenous peoples of Melanesia (especial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haplogroup K2b-P331
Haplogroup K2b (P331), also known as MPS is a human y-chromosome haplogroup that is thought to be less than 3,000 years younger than K, and less than 10,000 years younger than F, meaning it probably is around 50,000 years old, according to the age estimates of Tatiana Karafet et al. 2014. Basal (phylogenetics), Basal K2b* has not been identified in living males. It has been found only in the remains of an individual known as Tianyuan man, who was alive some time between 42,000 and 39,000 years before present, BP, during the upper paleolithic era, near the future site of Beijing, China. (For a time, the basal clade was also attributed, erroneously, to another individual, known as ''RISE94'', who lived 3,000 years BP, in what is now Sweden. However, ''RISE94'' is now known to belong to haplogroup R1a, R1a.) Haplogroup K2b1 (Y-DNA), K2b1 (P397/P399) known previously as Haplogroup MS, and Haplogroup P (Y-DNA), Haplogroup P (P-P295), also known as K2b2 are the only primary clades of K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melanesia
Melanesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It extends from Indonesia's New Guinea in the west to Fiji in the east, and includes the Arafura Sea. The region includes the four independent countries of Fiji, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea. It also includes the French oversea collectivity of New Caledonia, Indigenous Australians of the Torres Strait Islands and parts of Indonesia, most notably the provinces of Central Papua, Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, and West Papua. Almost all of the region is in the Southern Hemisphere; only a few small islands that are not politically considered part of Oceania—specifically the northwestern islands of Western New Guinea—lie in the Northern Hemisphere. The name ''Melanesia'' (in French, ''Mélanésie'') was first used in 1832 by French navigator Jules Dumont d'Urville: he coined the terms ''Melanesia'' and '' Micronesia'' along the preexisting '' Polyne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pohnpeian
Pohnpeian is a Micronesian languages, Micronesian language spoken as the indigenous language of the island of Pohnpei in the Caroline Islands. Pohnpeian has approximately 30,000 (estimated) native speakers living in Pohnpei and its outlying atolls and islands with another 10,000-15,000 (estimated) living off island in parts of the US mainland, Hawaii and Guam. It is the second-most widely spoken native language of the Federated States of Micronesia. Pohnpeian features a "Register (sociolinguistics), high language" including some specialized vocabulary, used in speaking about people of high rank. Classification Pohnpeian is most closely related to the Chuukic languages of Chuuk State, Chuuk (formerly Truk). Ngatikese language, Ngatikese, Pingelapese language, Pingelapese and Mokilese language, Mwokilese of the Pohnpeic languages are closely related languages to Pohnpeian. Pohnpeian shares 81% lexical similarity with Pingelapese, 75% with Mokilese, and 36% with Chuukese language ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
