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Hydroxytropacocaine
Hydroxytropacocaine is a tropane alkaloid found in ''Erythroxylum coca''. See also * Coca alkaloid Coca alkaloids are the alkaloids found in the coca plant, ''Erythroxylum coca''.Variation of Alkaloid Content in Erythroxylum coca Leaves from Leaf Bud to Leaf Drop. Emanuel L. Johnson and Stephen D. Emche, Ann. Bot., 1994, volume 73, issue 6, page ...s References Tropane alkaloids found in Erythroxylum coca Benzoate esters Tertiary alcohols {{alkaloid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropane Alkaloid
Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical structure. Tropane alkaloids occur naturally in many members of the plant family Solanaceae. Certain tropane alkaloids such as cocaine and scopolamine are notorious for their psychoactive effects, related usage and cultural associations. Particular tropane alkaloids such as these have pharmacological properties and can act as anticholinergics or stimulants. Classification Anticholinergics Anticholinergic drugs and deliriants: * Atropine, racemate, racemic hyoscyamine, from the deadly nightshade (''Atropa belladonna'') * Hyoscyamine, the ''levo''-isomer of atropine, from henbane (''Hyoscyamus niger''), mandrake (''Mandragora officinarum'') and the sorcerers' tree (''Latua pubiflora''). * Hyoscine hydrobromide, Scopolamine, from henbane and ''Datura'' species (Jimson weed) All three acetylcholine-inhibiting chemicals can also be found in the leave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coca Alkaloid
Coca alkaloids are the alkaloids found in the coca plant, ''Erythroxylum coca''.Variation of Alkaloid Content in Erythroxylum coca Leaves from Leaf Bud to Leaf Drop. Emanuel L. Johnson and Stephen D. Emche, Ann. Bot., 1994, volume 73, issue 6, pages 645-650, They are predominantly of either the pyrrolidine or the tropane types. __NOTOC__ Tropane-type alkaloids * Benzoylecgonine * Cocaine * Ecgonidine * Ecgonine * Hydroxytropacocaine * Methylecgonine cinnamate * Tropacocaine * Truxilline Pyrrolidine-type alkaloids * Cuscohygrine * Dihydrocuscohygrine * Hygrine * Nicotine See also * Cocaine metabolites (Human) * Coca wine, an alcoholic beverage combining wine with extracted coca alkaloids * Methylecgonidine * Troparil Troparil (also known as (–)-2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-phenyltropane, WIN 35,065-2, or β-CPT) is a stimulant drug used in scientific research. Troparil is a phenyltropane-based dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) that is derived from methylecgonidine ... R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythroxylum Coca
''Erythroxylum coca'' is one of two species of cultivated coca. Description The coca plant resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of . The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, and taper at the extremities. A marked characteristic of the leaf is an areolated portion bounded by two longitudinal curved lines, one line on each side of the midrib, and more conspicuous on the underside of the leaf. The flowers are small, and disposed in little clusters on short stalks; the corolla is composed of five yellowish-white petals, the anthers are heart-shaped, and the pistil consists of three carpels united to form a three-chambered ovary. The flowers mature into red berries. Unlike ''Erythroxylum novogranatense'', ''Erythroxylum coca'' requires very acidic soil conditions. Soil acidity and water acidity need to be below pH 5.5, with the optimal value being pH 3.5, similar to that of ''Rhododendron'' potting soils. At pH 6.5 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropane Alkaloids Found In Erythroxylum Coca
Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound. It is mainly known for the other alkaloids derived from it, which include atropine and cocaine, among others. Tropane alkaloids occur in plants of the families Erythroxylaceae (including coca) and Solanaceae (including mandrake, henbane, deadly nightshade, datura, potato, tomato). Structurally, tropane is cycloheptane with a nitrogen bridge between carbons 1 and 5 and an additional methyl group attached to the nitrogen. While carbons 1 and 5 are asymmetric carbons, tropane itself is optically inactive due to mirror symmetry. 8-Azabicyclo .2.1ctane (tropane without the ''N''-methyl group) is known as nortropane or nor-tropane. See also * Phenyltropane * Tropane alkaloid * Tropine Tropine is a derivative of tropane containing a hydroxyl group at the third carbon. It is also called 3-tropanol. Tropine is a central building block of many chemicals active in the nervous system, including tropane alkaloids. Some of these comp . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzoate Esters
Benzoic acid is a white (or colorless) solid organic compound with the formula , whose structure consists of a benzene ring () with a carboxyl () substituent. It is the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name is derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time its only source. Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. Salts of benzoic acid are used as food preservatives. Benzoic acid is an important precursor for the industrial synthesis of many other organic substances. The salts and esters of benzoic acid are known as benzoates . History Benzoic acid was discovered in the sixteenth century. The dry distillation of gum benzoin was first described by Nostradamus (1556), and then by Alexius Pedemontanus (1560) and Blaise de Vigenère (1596). Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler determined the composition of benzoic acid. These latter also investigated how hippuric acid is related ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
