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Honest Services
Honest services fraud is a crime defined in (the federal mail and wire fraud statute), added by the United States Congress in 1988, which states "For the purposes of this chapter, the term ''scheme or artifice to defraud'' includes a scheme or artifice to deprive another of the intangible right of honest services." The statute has been applied by federal prosecutors in cases of public corruption as well as in cases in which private individuals breached a fiduciary duty to another. In the former, the courts have been divided on the question of whether a state law violation is necessary for honest services fraud to have occurred. In the latter, the courts have taken differing approaches to determining whether a private individual has committed honest services fraud—a test based on reasonably foreseeable economic harm and a test based on materiality. The statute, which has been a target of criticism, was given a narrow construction by the Supreme Court of the United States in t ...
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Skilling V
Skilling may refer to: ;Places * Skilling, Dorset, England * Skilling Island, Antarctica ;People * Chauncey Fitch Skilling (1868-1945), American architect * H. Gordon Skilling (1912-2001), Canadian political scientist * Jeffrey Skilling (born 1953), American former CEO of Enron Corporation, brother of Tom Skilling * John Skilling (1921–1998), American civil engineer and architect * Mark Skilling (born 1972), Scottish footballer * Tom Skilling (born 1952), American meteorologist in Chicago, Illinois, brother of Jeffrey Skilling ;Other * Skilling (Scandinavian monetary unit) The skilling (pronounced ''shilling'' in English) was the Scandinavian equivalent of the shilling. It was used as a subdivision of the various kinds of currencies named rigsdaler in use throughout Scandinavia, including the Danish rigsdaler, the ..., a historical form of currency * '' Skilling v. United States'', a U.S. Supreme Court case See also * Skillings {{disambiguation, surname English-language ...
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Bruce Weyhrauch
Bruce Weyhrauch is an attorney in Juneau, Alaska, United States. He is also a former representative in the Alaska State House representing Juneau's District 4. Weyhrauch has practiced at his own law office in Juneau for nearly three decades. His regulatory and government affairs-focused practice handles a wide variety of matters, including labor relations and natural resources. Education and career After receiving his BS in natural resource planning and engineering from Humboldt State University, Weyhrauch matriculated at the Northwestern School of Law of Lewis and Clark College, where he served as the editor-in-chief of ''Environmental Law''. His publications during this period include "Operation Exodus: The United States Government’s Program to Intercept Illegal Export of High Technology" (''Computer Law Journal'', 1986). Maintaining an active presence in his community, he has served as an officer or director on the Board of Directors of the Foundation For End of Life Car ...
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Plagiarize
Plagiarism is the fraudulent representation of another person's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one's own original work.From the 1995 '' Random House Compact Unabridged Dictionary'': use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work qtd. in From the Oxford English Dictionary: The action or practice of taking someone else's work, idea, etc., and passing it off as one's own; literary theft. While precise definitions vary, depending on the institution, such representations are generally considered to violate academic integrity and journalistic ethics as well as social norms of learning, teaching, research, fairness, respect and responsibility in many cultures. It is subject to sanctions such as penalties, suspension, expulsion from school or work, substantial fines and even imprisonment. Plagiarism is typically not in itself a crime, but like counterfeiting, fraud can be punished in a court fo ...
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National Aeronautic And Space Administration
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), to give the U.S. space development effort a distinctly civilian orientation, emphasizing peaceful applications in space science. NASA has since led most American space exploration, including Project Mercury, Project Gemini, the 1968-1972 Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and the Space Shuttle. NASA supports the International Space Station and oversees the development of the Orion spacecraft and the Space Launch System for the crewed lunar Artemis program, Commercial Crew spacecraft, and the planned Lunar Gateway space station. The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program, which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management f ...
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