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Giant Groundsel
''Dendrosenecio'' is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family. It is a segregate of ''Senecio'', in which it formed the subgenus ''Dendrosenecio''. Its members, the giant groundsels, are native to the higher altitude zones of ten mountain groups in equatorial East Africa, where they form a conspicuous element of the flora. Description They have a giant rosette habit, with a terminal leaf rosette at the apex of a stout woody stem. When they bloom, the flowers form a large terminal inflorescence. Concomitantly, two to four lateral branches are normally initiated. As a result, old plants have the appearance of candelabras the size of telephone poles, each branch with a terminal rosette. Species ''Dendrosenecio'' varies geographically between mountain ranges, and altitudinally on a single mountain. There has been disagreement among botanists as to which populations of ''Dendrosenecio'' warrant recognition as species, and which should be relegated to the status of subspe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrosenecio Kilimanjari
''Dendrosenecio kilimanjari'' is a giant groundsel found on Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa, below . Taxonomy It was originally known as ''Senecio kilimanjari'', but a recent botanical reclassification split off some species formerly in ''Senecio'', putting it and various other species in the new genus ''Dendrosenecio''. Both genera are in the family ''Asteraceae''. The giant groundsels of the genus ''Dendrosenecio'' evolved, about a million years ago, from a ''Senecio'' that established itself on Mount Kilimanjaro, with those that survived adapting into ''Dendrosenecio kilimanjari''. This later colonised other mountains by some means - the standard distance for wind dispersal of seeds is a few metres - and these isolated populations adapted in ways different from the parent population, creating new species. Infraspecific name synonymy The infraspecific name In botany, an infraspecific name is the scientific name for any taxon below the rank of species, i.e. an infraspecif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrosenecio Adnivalis
''Dendrosenecio adnivalis'' (synonym ''Senecio adnivalis'') is one of the giant groundsels of the mountains of Eastern Africa. ''D. adnivalis'' grows on the Rwenzori Mountains and on the Virunga Mountains in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Description ''Dendrosenecio adnivalis'' attains heights of tall, trunk can be 40 centimeters diameter and the pith diameter. The stems have 25 to 60 leaves densely packed in a rosette shape at the top. Old leaves are persistent, withered leaf-bases covering the stalk for 1 to 3 meters below the leaf-rosettes. Leaf surfaces are elliptic to heart shaped and can be long and wide, hairy on the top and not hairy on the bottom. Branched clusters of flowers to tall and wide. The droopy flower heads have 9 to 20 ray florets, 16 millimeters long or no ray florets at all and 90 to 250 disc florets. Distribution The Congo Basin is very wet; humid air is trapped by the mountains and rain falls on most days even in the drier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanzania
Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to the south; Zambia to the southwest; and Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, is in northeastern Tanzania. According to the United Nations, Tanzania has a population of million, making it the most populous country located entirely south of the equator. Many important hominid fossils have been found in Tanzania, such as 6-million-year-old Pliocene hominid fossils. The genus Australopithecus ranged across Africa between 4 and 2 million years ago, and the oldest remains of the genus ''Homo'' are found near Lake Olduvai. Following the rise of '' Homo erectus'' 1.8 million years ago, humanity spread ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Meru (Tanzania)
__NOTOC__ Mount Meru is a dormant stratovolcano located west of Mount Kilimanjaro in southeast Arusha Region, Tanzania. At a height of , it is visible from Mount Kilimanjaro on a clear day, and is the fifth-highest of the highest mountain peaks of Africa, dependent on definition. Mount Meru is located just north of the city of Arusha, in the Arusha Region of Tanzania. It is the second-highest mountain in Tanzania, after Mount Kilimanjaro. Mount Meru is also the highest mountain/point in Arusha Region. The Momella route – which starts at Momella gate, on the eastern side of the mountain – is used to climb Mount Meru. Much of its bulk was lost about 7,800 years ago due to a summit collapse. Mount Meru most recently had a minor eruption in 1910. The several small cones and craters seen in the vicinity probably reflect numerous episodes of volcanic activity. Mount Meru's caldera is wide. Mount Meru is the topographic centerpiece of Arusha National Park. Its fertile slopes ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro () is a dormant volcano in Tanzania. It has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. It is the highest mountain in Africa and the highest free-standing mountain above sea level in the world: above sea level and about above its plateau base. It is the highest volcano in Africa and the Eastern Hemisphere. Kilimanjaro is the fourth most topographically prominent peak on Earth. It is part of Kilimanjaro National Park and is a major hiking and climbing destination. Because of its shrinking glaciers and ice fields, which are projected to disappear between 2025 and 2035, it has been the subject of many scientific studies. Toponymy The origin of the name Kilimanjaro is not known, but a number of theories exist. European explorers had adopted the name by 1860 and reported that Kilimanjaro was the mountain's Kiswahili name. The 1907 edition of ''The Nuttall Encyclopædia'' also records the name of the mountain as Kilima-Njaro. Johann Ludwig Krapf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpine Zone
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level, and alpine tundra merges with polar tundra. The high elevation causes an adverse climate, which is too cold and windy to support tree growth. Alpine tundra transitions to sub-alpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone are known as ''Krummholz''. With increasing elevation it ends at the snow line where snow and ice persist through summer. Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide. The flora of the alpine tundra is characterized by dwarf shrubs close to the ground. The cold climate of the alpine tundra is caused by adiabatic cooling of air, and is similar to polar climate. Geography Alpine tundra occurs at high enough altitude at any latitude. Portion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or by his initials, T. R., was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26th president of the United States from 1901 to 1909. He previously served as the 25th vice president of the United States, vice president under President William McKinley from March to September 1901 and as the 33rd governor of New York from 1899 to 1900. Assuming the presidency after Assassination of William McKinley, McKinley's assassination, Roosevelt emerged as a leader of the History of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party and became a driving force for United States antitrust law, anti-trust and Progressive Era, Progressive policies. A sickly child with debilitating asthma, he overcame his health problems as he grew by embracing The Strenuous Life, a strenuous lifestyle. Roosevelt integrated his exuberant personalit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrosenecio Meruensis
''Dendrosenecio meruensis'' is one of the East African giant groundsel, this one is endemic to the slopes of Mount Meru. Once they were considered to be of the genus ''Senecio'' but since then have been reclassified into their own genus ''Dendrosenecio''. Description ''Dendrosenecio meruensis'' an upright plant that can grow to 7 meters tall, with trunks up to 35 centimeters in diameter and pith diameter of 2 centimeters. Leaf- rosettes of 15 to 20 leaves which are somewhat loose around the stem. Leaf bases retained for 1 to 2 meters around the stem and below the leaf-rosette. "Repeated reproduction and branching yields a sprawling, open canopy with up to 10–30 aerial meristems in mature trees." Leaf surfaces are elliptical, 113 centimeters long and 34 centimeters wide, with cushions of hair cushion weakly to strongly developed on upper leaf surface. The lower leaf surface is hairless or with slight small, soft hairs sometimes cobweb-like along lower mid-vein. Inflorescen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrosenecio Keniodendron
''Dendrosenecio keniodendron'' or giant groundsel is a species of the genus ''Dendrosenecio'' of the large family Asteraceae and is one of the several species of giant groundsels endemic to the high altitudes of the Afrotropic, including ''Dendrosenecio johnstonii'' ('' Senecio battiscombei'') occurring on Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya, and the Aberdare Mountains, '' Dendrosenecio keniensis'' occurring the lower alpine zone of Mount Kenya and ''D. keniodendron'' occurring in higher and drier sites on Mount Kenya. The giant rosette plants, sometimes tall, often grow in even-sized stands (presumably even-aged), with different understory communities under different-aged stands. Description ''Dendrosenecio keniodendron'' is a giant rosette plant occurring at altitudes between and . '' D. keniensis'' grows in wetter sites, and therefore at lower altitudes on average, but their ranges abut and they occasionally hybridise. Leaves and stems: ''D. keniodendron'' has woody stem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrosenecio Keniensis
''Dendrosenecio keniensis'' (syn. ''Senecio keniensis'' and ''S. brassica'') is one of the giant groundsels endemic the higher altitudes of Mount Kenya. It is in the family Asteraceae and the genus ''Dendrosenecio'' (previously a ''Senecio''). ''Dendrosenecio keniodendron'' occurs the upper alpine zone of Mount Kenya and ''D. keniensis'' in the wetter areas of the lower alpine or the moorlands. Description ;Leaves and stems: Prostrate (even subterranean) trunks of soft brittle wood, with trunk to in diameter; which branch repeatedly at or below ground level, forming a large prostrate clone. The branches each support a great cabbage-like, densely packed leaf-rosettes of 30–40 leaves; each branch cloaked with older, dead foliage. Branches produced near ground-level are capable of rooting that supports a "creeping" horizontal growth-form. The leaves are oblong and narrow slightly where they attach to the rosette; they can be up to long and wide. The leaves are capable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrosenecio Erici-rosenii
''Dendrosenecio erici-rosenii'' one of the East African giant groundsel and this one can be found on the Rwenzori Mountains, Virunga Mountains and the Mitumba Mountains. It is a species of the genus ''Dendrosenecio'' and is also a collection of reclassified ''Senecio'' species. Description ''Dendrosenecio erici-rosenii'' grows to 6 meters tall. The old leaves drop off and leave a very slender stem. Flower heads have very prominent yellow ray flowers. Distribution ''Dendrosenecio erici-rosenii'' is found more on sloping, better-drained soils on the Rwenzori, Virunga, and Mitumba mountains between 3,500 and 4,500 meters. It is also found between 4,400 and 5,000 meters but does not produce flowers there. Infraspecific name In botany, an infraspecific name is the scientific name for any taxon below the rank of species, i.e. an infraspecific taxon or infraspecies. (A "taxon", plural "taxa", is a group of organisms to be given a particular name.) The scientific names ... syn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrosenecio Elgonensis
''Dendrosenecio elgonensis'' is one of the giant groundsel of East Africa; this one is endemic to Mount Elgon. They used to be considered part of the genus ''Senecio'' but recently have been reclassified to their own genus, ''Dendrosenecio''. Description ''Dendrosenecio elgonensis'' can grow to 7 meters tall, with a trunk to 30 centimeters in diameter and pith 2.5 to 3 centimeters in diameter. ''D. elgonensis'' generally keeps its stem cloaked with its withered and decaying foliage (or with retained leaf-bases after fire) but eventually loses them as bark develops. "Periodic reproduction yields sparsely branched, spreading plants that rarely exceed five reproductive cycles." Leaf surfaces are elliptic or heart-shaped, 97 centimeters long and 32 centimeters wide. The lower portion of the leaves are hairless except for along the mid-vein. Flower heads are presented horizontally. 11 to 13, 24 millimeter long ray florets and 40 to 70 disc florets. Distribution Found on the sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
