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Gonophore
A gonophore is a reproductive organ in Hydrozoa that produces gametes. It is a sporosac, a medusa or any intermediate stage. The name is derived from the Greek words (, that which produces seed) and (, -bearing). Gonophores are borne on branching stalks that grow out as a ring from the hydranth (i.e. the hydroid polyp, bearing a mouth, digestive cavity and tentacles) wall. The germ cells are formed from the inner layer of the entocodon. The entocodon is the primordium (i.e. the first cells that give rise to the development of an organ) of the subumbrella (i.e. the concave oral surface of a medusa) in the development of medusae from the gonophore. The gonophores in the order Leptomedusae are borne on much reduced hydranths and are usually protected in a peridermal (i.e. belonging to a hydroid perisarc) gonotheca. Medusae forming on fully developed hydranths are extremely rare; usually the gonophores develop into medusae or into sessile sporosacs. The gonophores in the superfam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entocodon
A gonophore is a reproductive organ in Hydrozoa that produces gametes. It is a sporosac, a medusa or any intermediate stage. The name is derived from the Greek words (, that which produces seed) and (, -bearing). Gonophores are borne on branching stalks that grow out as a ring from the hydranth (i.e. the hydroid polyp, bearing a mouth, digestive cavity and tentacles) wall. The germ cells are formed from the inner layer of the entocodon. The entocodon is the primordium (i.e. the first cells that give rise to the development of an organ) of the subumbrella (i.e. the concave oral surface of a medusa) in the development of medusae from the gonophore. The gonophores in the order Leptomedusae are borne on much reduced hydranths and are usually protected in a peridermal (i.e. belonging to a hydroid perisarc) gonotheca. Medusae forming on fully developed hydranths are extremely rare; usually the gonophores develop into medusae or into sessile sporosacs. The gonophores in the superfam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanderiidae
''Solanderia'' is the sole genus of hydrozoans in the monotypic family Solanderiidae. They are commonly known as tree hydroids or sea fan hydroids. Description ''Solanderia'' hydroids forms large colonies. They are one of about 1000 species of athecate hydroids, which do not construct a skeletal covering for their polyps (as opposed to the thecate hydroids in the order Leptothecata. The chitinous skeleton is internal, branches, and may form anastomoses. The skeleton is formed by coalescence and modification of adjacent hydrocauline tubes. The coenosarc covers the entire colony and penetrates skeletal interstices. The hydranths cover the whole colony surface and are uniform in structure, cylindrical, with a single whorl of capitate tentacles around the mouth. Numerous similar tentacles are scattered over the body. ''Solanderia'' is known from its polyp or hydroid stage, and produces gonophores which release sperm and eggs for reproduction. Where known, the gonophores are cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptomedusae
Leptothecata, or thecate hydroids, are an order of hydrozoans in the phylum Cnidaria. Their closest living relatives are the athecate hydroids, which are similar enough to have always been considered closely related, and the very apomorphic Siphonophorae, which were placed outside the "Hydroida". Given that there are no firm rules for synonymy for high-ranked taxa, alternative names like Leptomedusa, Thecaphora or Thecata, with or without the ending emended to "-ae", are also often used for Leptothecata. Leptothecata is surrounded by a chitinous outer layer as its exoskeleton, including gonophores, their reproductive organ. Leptothecata obtain radial symmetry, in which their gonads can be found in their radial canals. Their morphological characters normally have ranged from benthic to planktonic stages. Characters associated with benthic are the polyps and colony forms, while planktonic is medusae. Leptothecata has a vast and complex variation among all species within the hydrozo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haleciidae
Haleciidae is a family of hydrozoans. Their hydroid colonies emerge from a creeping hydrorhiza and usually form upright branching colonies, although some species' colonies are stolonal. Their gonophores are typically sporosacs, growing singly or bunched into a glomulus. They remain attached to the hydroids or break off to be passively drifted away; in a few, the gonophores are naked.Schuchert (2005) Some enigmatic actively swimming medusae have been tentatively placed in this family as a kind of " wastebin taxon". Should their associated hydroids turn out to belong elsewhere, they are to be moved to that family and genus. The relationships of this fairly small but distinctive radiation to other families of Leptothecata are not well understood at present. However, the family Lovenellidae, often turn out to contain the hydroid stage of medusae formerly placed in the family Haleciidae. Description The shallow, usually even-rimmed hydrothecae are sessile or borne on a hydr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lovenellidae
__NOTOC__ Lovenellidae is a family of hydrozoans. Their hydroids live together in upright stolonal or sympodial colonies, and their gonophores are pedunculate free-roaming medusae.Schuchert (2005) The relationships of this fairly small but distinctive radiation to other members of the order Leptothecata are not well understood at present. Description The elongated, everted- conical to bell-shaped hydrothecae are pedicellate. They have a diaphragm and a conical operculum apically to the hydrothecal wall, formed either by this wall or by separated embayments of the hydrothecal margin, with a lining of triangular plates. The tentacles of some but not all carry webbing between them. The hydrothecae wear down during the individual hydroids' life, and old ones often have just the collar-like bottom of the hydrotheca remaining. The manubrium of the medusae is short. They lack a gastric peduncle, ocelli (making them effectively blind) and excretory pores, and have 4 simpl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milleporidae
Fire corals (''Millepora'') are a genus of colonial marine organisms that exhibit physical characteristics similar to that of coral. The name coral is somewhat misleading, as fire corals are not true corals but are instead more closely related to ''Hydra'' and other hydrozoans, making them hydrocorals. They make up the only genus in the monotypic family Milleporidae. Distinguishing characteristics Fire corals have a bright, yellow-green to brown skeletal covering, and are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters. They appear in small, brush-like growths on rocks and coral. Divers often mistake fire coral for seaweed, and accidental contact is common. Upon contact, an intense pain can be felt, lasting from two days to two weeks. Occasional relapses of post-treatment inflammation are common. Prominent side effects can include skin irritation, stinging or burning pain, erythema (skin redness), fever, and/or urticarian (hives) lesions. These side effects are due to ven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medusa (biology)
Jellyfish and sea jellies are the informal common names given to the medusa-phase of certain gelatinous members of the subphylum Medusozoa, a major part of the phylum Cnidaria. Jellyfish are mainly free-swimming marine animals with umbrella-shaped bells and trailing tentacles, although a few are anchored to the seabed by stalks rather than being mobile. The bell can pulsate to provide propulsion for highly efficient locomotion. The tentacles are armed with stinging cells and may be used to capture prey and defend against predators. Jellyfish have a complex life cycle; the medusa is normally the sexual phase, which produces planula larvae that disperse widely and enter a sedentary polyp phase before reaching sexual maturity. Jellyfish are found all over the world, from surface waters to the deep sea. Scyphozoans (the "true jellyfish") are exclusively marine, but some hydrozoans with a similar appearance live in freshwater. Large, often colorful, jellyfish are common in coa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plumularioidea
Plumularioidea is a superfamily of hydrozoans in the order Leptothecata. This superfamily unites about 45 genera in the following families: * Aglaopheniidae Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 * Halopterididae Millard, 1962 * Kirchenpaueriidae Stechow, 1921 * Phylactothecidae Stechow, 1921 * Plumaleciidae Choong & Calder, 2018 * Plumulariidae McCrady, 1859 * Schizotrichidae Peña Cantero, Sentandreu & Latorre, 2010 These thecate hydroids grow in erect colonies, branched in some species but unbranched in others. Each branch may bear a single or several animals. In the latter case the hydrothecae are arranged in a neat single file; in either case they are not set on stalks but grow from the branches directly. The hydrothecase have a cusped or even rim and instead of a diaphragm a well-defined floor with a hydropore that is usually off-center. The hydranths have a conical hypostome and a single whorl of thread-like tentacles. The gastrodermis contains areas with and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candelabridae
Candelabridae is a small family of cnidarians within the class Hydrozoa. Myriothelidae Hincks, 1868 and Symplectaneidae Fraser, 1941 are now accepted as synonyms of this family. Genera and Species According to the World Register of Marine Species, the following genera and species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ... exist in this family: *''Candelabrum'' de Blainville, 1880 synonym ''Myriothela'' Sars, 1850 **'' Candelabrum australe'' (Briggs, 1928) **'' Candelabrum austrogeorgiae'' (Jäderholm, 1904) **'' Candelabrum austro-georgiae'' Jäderholm, 1905 **'' Candelabrum capensis'' (Manton, 1940) **'' Candelabrum cocksii'' (Cocks, 1854) **'' Candelabrum fritchmanii'' Hewitt & Goddard, 2001 **'' Candelabrum giganteum'' (Bonnevie, 1898) **'' Candelabrum harrisoni'' (Bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tubulariidae
Tubulariidae is a family of hydroid cnidarians. For long placed in a presumed superfamily or infraorder Tubulariida of suborder Capitata, they are actually close relatives of the Hydridae and are now united with these and a number of relatives in a newly recognized suborder Aplanulata. Most if not all species in this family grow on stalks and resemble small flowers. According to the World Register of Marine Species, the following genera are found in this family: *'' Bouillonia'' Petersen, 1990 *''Ectopleura'' *''Hybocodon'' L.Agassiz, 1860 *'' Lobataria'' Watson, 2008 *''Ralpharia'' Watson, 1980 *'' Tubularia'' *''Zyzzyzus ''Zyzzyzus'' is a genus of marine tubulariid hydrozoan Hydrozoa (hydrozoans; ) are a taxonomic class of individually very small, predatory animals, some solitary and some colonial, most of which inhabit saline water. The colonies of the col ...'' References Aplanulata Cnidarian families {{Anthoathecata-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corymorphidae
Corymorphidae is a family of hydroid cnidarians Cnidaria () is a phylum under kingdom Animalia containing over 11,000 species of aquatic animals found both in freshwater and marine environments, predominantly the latter. Their distinguishing feature is cnidocytes, specialized cells that the .... For long placed in a presumed superfamily or infraorder Tubulariida of suborder Capitata, they are actually close relatives of the Hydridae and are now united with these and a number of relatives in a newly recognized suborder Aplanulata.Schuchert, P. (2013)Corymorphidae Allman, 1872.In: Schuchert, P. (2018). World Hydrozoa Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2018-02-03. Most, if not all species in this family grow on stalks and resemble small flowers. According to the World Register of Marine Species, the following genera are contained in this family: *'' Branchiocerianthus'' Mark, 1898 *'' Corymorpha'' M. Sars, 1835 *'' Euphysa'' Forbes, 1848 *'' Eu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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