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Ginseng
Ginseng () is the root of plants in the genus ''Panax'', such as South China ginseng (''Panax notoginseng, P. notoginseng''), Korean ginseng (''Panax ginseng, P. ginseng''), and American ginseng (''American ginseng, P. quinquefolius''), characterized by the presence of ginsenosides and gintonin. Ginseng is common in the cuisines and medicines of China and Korea. Ginseng has been used in traditional medicine over centuries, though modern clinical research is inconclusive about its medical effectiveness. There is no substantial evidence that ginseng is effective for treating any medical condition and it has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat or prevent a disease or to provide a health benefit. Although ginseng is sold as a dietary supplement, inconsistent manufacturing practices for supplements have led to analyses of some ginseng products contaminated with unrelated filler (materials), filler compounds, and its excessive use may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax Quinquefolius
American ginseng (''Panax quinquefolius'') is a species of flowering plant in the ivy family (biology), family Araliaceae. It is native to eastern North America and has been introduced into China. The specific epithet ''quinquefolius'' means "five-leaved", which refers to the typical number of leaflets per leaf. It is one of a group of Taxon, taxa known as "ginseng". Europeans first became aware of American ginseng near Montreal in 1716. It has been wild-harvested and exported to Asia since 1720. Billions of plants were wild-harvested in the 19th century alone. To control international trade and prevent global extinction of the species, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service implements a CITES Export Program that authorizes 19 states and one tribe to export American ginseng from the United States. From 1978 to 2019, the bulk of exports have come from southern Appalachian states, especially Kentucky, West Virginia, and Tennessee. The NatureServe conservation status, cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax Ginseng
''Panax ginseng'', ginseng, also known as Asian ginseng, Chinese ginseng or Korean ginseng, is a species of plant whose root is the original source of ginseng. It is a perennial plant that grows in the mountains of East Asia. It is mainly cultivated in China, Korea, Russia, and Japan. ''P. ginseng'' is an herbaceous perennial plant, 30–60 cm tall, with palmately compound leaves, serrated leaflets, a terminal umbel of 30–50 flowers, red round fruits, and kidney-shaped seeds. ''P. ginseng'' is primarily cultivated in Korea. While all Korea, South Korean ginseng is ''P. ginseng'', ginseng production in China encompasses both ''P. ginseng'' and South China ginseng (''Panax notoginseng''). It may cause side effects or interact with various medications and conditions. Names ''Panax ginseng'' is called ''Rénshēn'' ( or or ; ) in Mandarin Chinese, Mandarin (Chinese), ''Insam'' () in Korean language, Korean, ''Nhân Sâm'' in Vietnamese Language, Vietnamese and ''Ninjin'' () i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax
The ''Panax'' (ginseng) genus belongs to the Araliaceae (ivy) Family (biology), family. ''Panax'' species are characterized by the presence of ginsenosides and gintonin. ''Panax'' is one of approximately 60 plant genera with a classical disjunct east Asian and east North American distribution. Furthermore, this disjunct distribution is asymmetric as only two of the ~18 species in genus are native to North America. Etymology The name ''Panax'', meaning "all-healing" in Greek, shares the same origin as "panacea" and was used for this genus because Carl Linnaeus was aware of its wide use in Chinese medicine. ''Panax'' species Genus ''Panax'' :Subgenus ''Panax'' ::Section ''Panax'' :::Series ''Notoginseng'' ::::''Panax notoginseng'' (Burkill) F.H.Chen (known as ''san qi'', ''tian qi'' or ''tien chi'') :::Series ''Panax'' ::::''Panax arunachalensis'' Taram, A.P.Das & Tag ::::''Panax assamicus'' (Assam Ginseng) ::::''Panax bipinnatifidus'' Seem. :::::var. ''angustifolius'' (Bur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax Notoginseng
''Panax notoginseng'' is a species of the genus '' Panax'', and it is commonly referred to in English as Chinese ginseng * or notoginseng. In Chinese it is called ''tiánqī'' (), tienchi ginseng, ''sānqī'' () or ''sanchi'', three-seven root, and mountain plant. ''P. notoginseng'' belongs to the same scientific genus as ''Panax ginseng''. In Latin, the word ''panax'' means "cure-all", and the family of ginseng plants is one of the best-known herbs. ''P. notoginseng'' grows naturally in China. The herb is a perennial with dark green leaves branching from a stem with a red cluster of berries in the middle. It is both cultivated and gathered from wild forests, with wild plants being the most valuable. The Chinese refer to it as three-seven root because the plant has three petioles with seven leaflets each. It is also said that the root should be harvested between three and seven years after planting it. Chinese medicine In traditional Chinese medicine, ''P. notoginseng' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gintonin
Gintonin is a glycolipoprotein fraction isolated from ''Panax ginseng''. The non-saponin ingredient was designated as gintonin, where ''gin'' was derived from ginseng, ''ton'' from the tonic effects of ginseng, and ''in'' from protein. The main component of gintonin is a complex of lysophosphatidic acids (LPA) and ginseng proteins such as ginseng major latex-like protein151 (GLP151) and ginseng ribonuclease-like storage protein. GLP151 is a first plant-derived LPA binding protein as one of Bet v 1 superfamily. GLP151 has a LPA binding domain on H147 and H148 at C-terminal. These two histidine residues bind to phosphate group of LPA. Biological action Gintonin is believed to act by delivering LPA to lysophospholipid receptors, which are high affinity and selective target receptors. In animal cell cultures, gintonin induces a2+transients via activation of the said receptor. One Korean study claims that gintonin is orally active in rodents and shows anti-Alzheimer's disease eff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ginsenoside
Ginsenosides or panaxosides are a class of natural product steroid glycosides and triterpene saponins. Compounds in this family are found almost exclusively in the plant genus ''Panax'' (ginseng), which has a long history of use in traditional medicine that has led to the study of pharmacological effects of ginseng compounds. As a class, ginsenosides exhibit a large variety of subtle and difficult-to-characterize biological effects when studied in isolation. Ginsenosides can be isolated from various parts of the plant, though typically from the roots, and can be purified by column chromatography. The chemical profiles of ''Panax'' species are distinct; although Asian ginseng, ''Panax ginseng'', has been most widely studied due to its use in traditional Chinese medicine, there are ginsenosides unique to American ginseng (''Panax quinquefolius'') and Japanese ginseng (''Panax japonicus''). Ginsenoside content also varies significantly due to environmental effects. The leaves and stem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax Vietnamensis
''Panax vietnamensis'' or Vietnamese ginseng () is a species of the ginseng genus ''Panax''. In Vietnam the species, prized in herbal medicine, is commercially very valuable and now considered threatened. Description ''Panax vietnamensis'' is a perennial plant, growing from to tall. It may be distinguished from other ginseng species by the notches on its roots. Distribution and habitat In Vietnam, ''P. vietnamensis'' is found primarily in the Mount Ngọc Linh area of Kon Tum and Quảng Nam provinces, from which its local name is derived. It is also found in the Mount Ngọc Lum Heo and Mount Ngọc Am areas of Quảng Nam Province. Its habitat is areas under jungle leaf canopy or near running water, at altitudes above . The species is also reported from central and southern provinces of China. Threats ''Panax vietnamensis'' faces a number of threats to its survival as a species in Vietnam. With increased demand from the herbal medicine industry, locals have over-harvested ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panax Japonicus
''Panax japonicus'' is a species of ginseng known for its bamboo-shaped, uneven-sized roots. It is found throughout Japan and Korea, and is also said to be endangered in China. ''Panax japonicus'' sees some use in Japanese Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Like other ginsengs, it contains a number of ginsenosides. There is no English-language literature on its cultivation, though Baeg ''et al.'' (2013) lists it among cultivated ginseng species. There is, however, a considerable volume of Chinese literature on its cultivation under the name ''Zhújiéshēn''. Varieties ''Flora of China'' cites ''Panax japonicus'' var. ''major'' as a variety of this species, though Plants of the World Online treats it as a synonym of ''Panax bipinnatifidus'' var. ''bipinnatifidus''. cpDNA analysis supports the affiliation of the variety with ''P. j.'' This variety is also used in traditional Chinese medicine under the name ''Zhūzĭshēn''. There is also a large amount of Chinese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insam (ginseng)
Insam may refer to: *Ginseng, also known as "insam", an alternative name borrowed from the Korean language *'' Insam-cha'', a Korean tisane (herbal tea) made from ginseng People with the family name Insam include: * Adolf Insam (born 1951), Italian ice hockey player and coach * Evelyn Insam (born 1994), Italian ski jumper * Grita Insam, Austrian gallerist, recipient of a 2009 Austrian Decoration for Science and Art The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art () is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Orders, decorations, and medals of Austria, Austrian national honours system. History The "Austrian Decoration for Science a ... * Marco Insam (born 1989), Italian professional ice hockey player {{dab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Appalachian Mountains
The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, are a mountain range in eastern to northeastern North America. The term "Appalachian" refers to several different regions associated with the mountain range, and its surrounding terrain. The general definition used is one followed by the United States Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada to describe the respective countries' Physiographic region, physiographic regions. The U.S. uses the term Appalachian Highlands and Canada uses the term Appalachian Uplands; the Appalachian Mountains are not synonymous with the Appalachian Plateau, which is one of the provinces of the Appalachian Highlands. The Appalachian range runs from the Newfoundland (island), Island of Newfoundland in Canada, southwestward to Central Alabama in the United States; south of Newfoundland, it crosses the 96-square-mile (248.6 km2) archipelago of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, an overseas collectivity of France, meaning it is technica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shennong Ben Cao Jing
''Shennong Bencaojing'' (also ''Classic of the Materia Medica'' or ''Shen-nong's Herbal Classics'' and ''Shen-nung Pen-tsao Ching''; ) is a Chinese book on agriculture and medicinal plants, traditionally attributed to Shennong. Researchers believe the text is a compilation of oral traditions, written between the first and second centuries AD.Traditional uses, chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus Ganoderma P. Karst.: a review / ''Li Wang, Jie-qing Li, Ji Zhang, Zhi-min Li, Hong-gao Liu, Yuan-zhong Wang'' // RSC Advances: Issue 69, 2020. — p. 42087 ''The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
