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Fulía
The term fulía refers to a variety of folk genres in Venezuela generally performed as part of the vigils of the Cruz de Mayo. Of these genres, there are two that are especially prominent: the fulía central (spanning the coastal areas of the Capital, Central, and Central-Western regions, notably Barlovento) and the fulía oriental (Spanish:"Eastern fulía") or ''cumanesa'' (Spanish: "from Cumaná") (endemic to the states of Sucre and Nueva Esparta). History and Etymology The name and origins of the fulía can both be traced back to the Canarian folía, which in turn is a folkloric derivation of a harmonic formula common in Renaissance and Baroque style by the same name. Though this initial classical folía bears little resemblance to its Venezuelan descendant, there are some elements that have been preserved throughout the centuries, such as the tonicization to both the relative minor and major (as in a Romanesca progression). The folía of the Canary Islands, however, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulía Central Drum Patterns
The term fulía refers to a variety of folk genres in Venezuela generally performed as part of the vigils of the Cruz de Mayo. Of these genres, there are two that are especially prominent: the fulía central (spanning the coastal areas of the Capital, Central, and Central-Western regions, notably Barlovento) and the fulía oriental (Spanish:"Eastern fulía") or ''cumanesa'' (Spanish: "from Cumaná") (endemic to the states of Sucre and Nueva Esparta). History and Etymology The name and origins of the fulía can both be traced back to the Canarian folía, which in turn is a folkloric derivation of a harmonic formula common in Renaissance and Baroque style by the same name. Though this initial classical folía bears little resemblance to its Venezuelan descendant, there are some elements that have been preserved throughout the centuries, such as the tonicization to both the relative minor and major (as in a Romanesca progression). The folía of the Canary Islands, however, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuela
Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It has a territorial extension of , and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. The Venezuelan government maintains a claim against Guyana to Guayana Esequiba. Venezuela is a federal presidential republic consisting of 23 states, the Capital District and federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cruz De Mayo
The Fiesta de las Cruces ("Festival of the Crosses") or Cruz de Mayo ("May Cross") is a holiday celebrated on 3 May in many parts of Spain and Hispanic America. Origins Religiously, the festival is rooted in the legendary search by Byzantine Empress Saint Helena for the cross on which Jesus died, but the popular traditions connected to the festival certainly trace back to pagan traditions brought to Spain by the Roman Empire (''see May Day''). The legend is that Emperor Constantine I, in the sixth year of his reign, confronted the barbarians on the banks of the Danube, in a battle where victory was believed to be impossible because of the great size of the enemy army. One night, Constantine had a vision of a cross in the sky, and by it the words "''In hoc signo vincis''" (''With this sign, you shall be victorious''). The emperor had a cross made and put it at the front of his army, which won an easy victory over the enemy multitude. On returning to the city and learning the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culo'e Puya
The ''culo'e puya'' drums, also known as ''culoepuya'', ''culo e puya'', or ''culepuya'', are a battery of small drums originally from Venezuela, with a Kongo lineage. They are used in an ensemble also known as ''redondo'' drums, after the dance motion and the circle which forms around the dancers during performance. Organology The ''culo'e puya'' battery comprises three drums made of lightweight wood from the tree known locally as ''lano'' or ''ceiba de lana'' (''Ceiba pentandra'', a member of the Bombacaceae family, to which Balsa also belongs). Both ends have skin heads, which are joined with tensors made of rope (nylon rope is commonly used today). The drums are roughly 1.5 m (4 ft.) in length and between 10 and 15 cm (4-6 inches) in diameter. The inside of the drum is carved in the shape of an hourglass, instead of a cylinder. There are three different diameters, each corresponding to a distinct "voice" or pattern. The different diameters are known as: *Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nueva Esparta
The Nueva Esparta State (in Spanish: ''Estado Nueva Esparta'', ), is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. It comprises Margarita Island, Coche, and the largely uninhabited Cubagua. The state has the smallest area, and is located off the northeast Caribbean coast of Venezuela. It is the only insular state of Venezuela (not including the Federal Dependencies, a federal territory but not a state). The main island of Margarita has an area of . Its capital city is La Asunción, and the main urban center is Porlamar. Etymology Its name, Nueva Esparta ("''New Sparta"''), comes from the heroism shown by its inhabitants during the Venezuelan War of Independence, deemed similar to that of the Spartan soldiers of Ancient Greece. History Spanish colonization Margarita was discovered on August 15, 1498 during Columbus' third voyage. On that trip the Admiral would also discover mainland Venezuela. That day, Columbus saw three islands, two of them small, low and arid (the current Coche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandola Oriental
The bandola is one of many varieties of small pear-shape chordophones found in Venezuela and Colombia. They are related to the bandurria and mandolin. Traditional varieties Instruments known as ''bandola'' include: *Bandola llanera: traditionally built with only seven frets and four gut strings and played with a pick in the music of Joropo llanero, many bandolas being made nowadays can have up to 21 frets, with musicians such as Saúl Vera, Moisés Torrealba Franco Bortolotti and Mafer Bandola using these more extensively fretted versions. The strings used to string the bandola llanera nowadays are usually taken from classical guitar sets; most commonly the wound E and A, and the nylon G and B strings. The bandola is today undergoing a resurgence, with the instrument gaining popularity in both Venezuela and Colombia, as well as North America and Europe. The instrument was in danger of extinction in the first half of the 20th century until Anselmo Lopez (b.1934 Barinas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duple And Quadruple Metre
Duple metre (or Am. duple meter, also known as duple time) is a musical metre characterized by a ''primary'' division of 2 beats to the bar, usually indicated by 2 and multiples (simple) or 6 and multiples (compound) in the upper figure of the time signature, with (cut time), , and (at a fast tempo) being the most common examples. Shown below are a simple and a compound duple drum pattern. : \new Staff : \new Staff Though it must, the upper figure being divisible by 2 does not of itself indicate duple metre. The most common time signature in rock, blues, country, funk, and pop is .Schroedl, Scott (2001). ''Play Drums Today!'', p. 42. Hal Leonard. . Although jazz writing has become more adventurous since Dave Brubeck's'' Time Out'', the majority of jazz and jazz standards are still in four time. Duple time is common in many styles including the polka, notorious for its obvious "oom-pah" duple feel. Compare to the waltz. Quadruple metre Quadruple metre (also '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cockfighting
A cockfight is a blood sport, held in a ring called a cockpit. The history of raising fowl for fighting goes back 6,000 years. The first documented use of the ''word'' gamecock, denoting use of the cock as to a "game", a sport, pastime or entertainment, was recorded in 1634, after the term "cock of the game" used by George Wilson, in the earliest known book on the sport of cockfighting in ''The Commendation of Cocks and Cock Fighting'' in 1607. But it was during Magellan's voyage of discovery of the Philippines in 1521 when modern cockfighting was first witnessed and documented for Westerners by the Italian Antonio Pigafetta, Magellan's chronicler, in the Kingdom of Taytay. The combatants, referred to as gamecocks (not to be confused with game birds), are specially bred and conditioned for increased stamina and strength. Male and female chickens of such a breed are referred to as game fowl. Cocks possess congenital aggression toward all males of the same species. Wagers are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Un Solo Pueblo
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the world's largest and most familiar international organization. The UN is headquarters of the United Nations, headquartered on extraterritoriality, international territory in New York City, and has other main offices in United Nations Office at Geneva, Geneva, United Nations Office at Nairobi, Nairobi, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, and Peace Palace, The Hague (home to the International Court of Justice). The UN was established after World War II with Dumbarton Oaks Conference, the aim of preventing future world wars, succeeding the League of Nations, which was characterized as ineffective. On 25 April 1945, 50 governments met in San Francisco for United Nations Conference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isabel Aretz
Isabel Aretz (14 April 1909 – 2 June 2005) was an Argentine– Venezuelan researcher, writer, ethnomusicologist and composer. Early years Isabel Aretz-Thiele was born in Buenos Aires. She was educated at the National Conservatory of Music and Performing Arts, studying pedagogy, piano with Rafael González and harmony, counterpoint and composition with Althos Palma. She earned a doctorate in music from Catholic University of Argentina in 1968. Career After completing her initial studies, Aretz became a senior lecturer at the National Conservatory and began work as an ethnomusic researcher and composer. In 1937 her orchestral work ''Punto'' premiered at the Teatro Cervantes. In the next decade, she collected and recorded traditional music, traveling in Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, Bolivia and Peru. In 1947 she married Venezuelan musician and writer Luis Felipe Ramón y Rivera. She was asked that same year to organize the music section of the Folklore Research Ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Felipe Ramón Y Rivera
Luis Felipe Ramón y Rivera (August 23, 1913 - October 22, 1993) was a Venezuelan musician, composer and writer. Director of several orchestras and the founder of ''The National Typical Orchestra'', he was also for twenty years the director of the National Institute of Folklore. He founded the International Foundation of Ethnomusicology and Folklore (now Centro de La Diversidad Cultural) in 1988 and donated the bulk of his estate to it when he died. He authored more than 20 works of Venezuelan folklore. Sources Luis Felipe Ramón y Rivera Biography See also *Music of Venezuela Several styles of the traditional music of Venezuela, such as salsa and merengue, are common to its Caribbean neighbors. Perhaps the most typical Venezuelan music is joropo, a rural form which originated in the llanos, or plains. Genres Jor ... 1913 births 1993 deaths Folklorists People from San Cristóbal, Táchira Venezuelan composers Male composers Venezuelan male poets 20th-cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octosyllabic
The octosyllable or octosyllabic verse is a line of verse with eight syllables. It is equivalent to tetrameter verse in trochees in languages with a stress accent. Its first occurrence is in a 10th-century Old French saint's legend, the '' Vie de Saint Leger''; another early use is in the early 12th-century Anglo-Norman '' Voyage de saint Brendan''. It is often used in French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese poetry. While commonly used in couplets, typical stanzas using octosyllables are: décima, some quatrains, redondilla. In Spanish verse, an octosyllable is a line that has its seventh syllable stressed, on the principle that this would normally be the penultimate syllable of a word (''Lengua Castellana y Literatura'', ed. Grazalema Santillana. El Verso y su Medida, p. 46). If the final word of a line does not fit this pattern, the line could have eight or seven or nine syllables (as normally counted), thus – :1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / Gra/NA/da :1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / Ma/DR ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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