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Fall Of Constantinople
The Fall of Constantinople, also known as the Conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire. The city was captured on 29 May 1453 as part of the culmination of a 55-day siege which had begun on 6 April. The attacking Army of the classical Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Army, which significantly outnumbered Constantinople's defenders, was commanded by the 21-year-old List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, Mehmed II (later nicknamed "the Conqueror"), while the Byzantine army (Palaiologan era), Byzantine army was led by List of Byzantine emperors, Emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos. After conquering the city, Mehmed II made Constantinople the new Ottoman capital, replacing Edirne, Adrianople. The fall of Constantinople and of the Byzantine Empire was a watershed of the Late Middle Ages, marking the effective end of the Roman Empire, a state which began in roughly 27 BC and had la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine–Ottoman Wars
The Byzantine–Ottoman wars were a series of decisive conflicts between the Byzantine Greeks and Ottoman Turks and their allies that led to the final destruction of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire. The Byzantines, already having been in a weak state even before the partitioning of their Empire following the 4th Crusade, failed to recover fully under the rule of the Palaiologos dynasty. Thus, the Byzantines faced increasingly disastrous defeats at the hands of the Ottomans. Ultimately, they lost Constantinople in 1453, formally ending the conflicts (however, several Byzantine Holdouts lasted until 1479). Taking advantage of the situation, the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum began seizing territory in western Anatolia, until the Nicaean Empire was able to repulse the Seljuk Turks from the remaining territories still under Byzantine rule. Eventually Constantinople was re-taken from the Latin Empire in 1261 by the Nicaean Empire. The position of the Byza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Venice
The Republic of Venice, officially the Most Serene Republic of Venice and traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a sovereign state and Maritime republics, maritime republic with its capital in Venice. Founded, according to tradition, in 697 by Paolo Lucio Anafesto, over the course of its History of the Republic of Venice, 1,100 years of history it established itself as one of the major European commercial and naval powers. Initially extended in the ''Dogado'' area (a territory currently comparable to the Metropolitan City of Venice), during its history it annexed a large part of Northeast Italy, Istria, Dalmatia, the coasts of present-day Montenegro and Albania as well as numerous islands in the Adriatic Sea, Adriatic and eastern Ionian Sea, Ionian seas. At the height of its expansion, between the 13th and 16th centuries, it also governed Crete, Cyprus, the Peloponnese, a number of List of islands of Greece, Greek islands, as well as several cities and ports in the eastern Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orhan Çelebi
Orhan Çelebi (1412 – 29 May 1453) was a prince of the Ottoman dynasty. He was the grandson of Süleyman Çelebi. Orhan was sent to Constantinople as a hostage. The Ottoman Empire paid tribute to the Byzantines during his time there to keep him out of the way. In 1453 he joined the defence of the Byzantine Empire during the Fall of Constantinople with about 600 Ottoman prisoners who were loyal to him by his side. They were charged with defending part of the sea walls, including the harbour of Eptaskalio. There are several tales about exactly how it happened, but after the city had fallen, Orhan was caught and executed on the orders of Sultan Mehmed II while attempting to escape while disguised as a monk A monk (; from , ''monachos'', "single, solitary" via Latin ) is a man who is a member of a religious order and lives in a monastery. A monk usually lives his life in prayer and contemplation. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many reli .... References Ottoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isidore Of Kiev
Isidore or Isidor of Kiev, also known as Isidore of Thessalonica (1385 – 27 April 1463), was a prelate of Byzantine Greek origin. From 1437 to 1441, he served as the metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus', based in Moscow, after being chosen by Joseph II of Constantinople. As a supporter of the union with Rome, he left Moscow to attend the Council of Ferrara–Florence. On his return in 1441, he was imprisoned but allowed to escape later that year. A council of Russian bishops chose their own metropolitan in 1448, which amounted to a declaration of autocephaly by the Russian Orthodox Church. However, Isidore continued to be recognized by Constantinople as metropolitan until 1458, when Gregory the Bulgarian was made the first metropolitan of the Uniate church. Isidore was later dispatched to Constantinople and he proclaimed the union of the Greek and Latin churches at the Hagia Sophia on 12 December 1452. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriele Orsini Del Balzo (born 1981), Italian mobster
* Lisa Gabriele, Canadian writer, television producer and journalist
* Teresa Gabriele (born 1979), Canadian basketball player
Gabriele is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name Surname * Al Gabriele, American comic book artist * Angel Gabriele (1956–2016), American comic book artist * Corrado Gabriele (born 1966), Italian politician * Daniele Gabriele (born 1994), German-Italian footballer * Fabrizio Gabriele (born 1985), Italian rower *Ketty Gabriele Ketty Gabriele (born 10 July 1981 in Naples) is a reputed Italian mafia figure. Gabriele, a femminiello and member of the Camorra, was reported as the first transgender mafia figure following an arrest by Naples police in February 2009.
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Alviso Diedo
Alviso Diedo was a 15th-century Venetian captain who participated in the Fall of Constantinople. Siege of Constantinople After traveling across the Black Sea where he led a flotilla of three galleys in 1453, Alviso Diedo headed for Constantinople with Gabriele Trevisano. The two captains promised help to the Byzantine Emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos in defending the city against the Ottomans. During the siege, he commanded the ships of the Golden Horn harbor with Gabriele Trevisano. When the city fell on May 29, he escaped to the Genoese colony of Galata by boat. He offered the service of his ships to the city authorities. The Genoese authorities decided to maintain their neutrality and demanded that Alviso Diedo leave the city. He then ordered his men to break the Golden Horn chain and escaped with most of the Venetian ships as well as some Genoese and Byzantine ships carrying refugees from Constantinople. The Turkish sailors, who were preoccupied with looting the city, co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriele Trevisano
Gabriele Trevisano was a Venetian commander, who participated on the losing side of the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, having joined the Byzantine Empire in its defence of its capital city against the Ottoman Empire. Alongside his fellow Venetian merchant-captain Alviso Diedo, he had anchored with his ships at the Golden Horn on a return voyage from the Black Sea, when the forces of Sultan Mehmed II laid siege to the city. The Venetians promised to remain in the city to fight - a total of six Venetian vessels and three from the Venetian colony of Crete Crete ( ; , Modern Greek, Modern: , Ancient Greek, Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the List of islands by area, 88th largest island in the world and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fifth la ... were retained in the harbour with the consent of their commanders, now turned into warships. On 28 April a battle broke out between Venetian and Genoese vessels on one side and Turki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Giustiniani Longo
Giovanni Giustiniani Longo (; ; 1418 – 1 June 1453) was a Genoese nobleman, mercenary captain, and defender of Constantinople during its siege in 1453. He was instrumental in its defense and commanded 700 men, as well as leading the land forces protecting the city. Family and early life Giustiniani was a member of the powerful House of Doria and was probably native to the island of Chios. Although little is known of his origin, Giustiniani was known to be a mercenary soldier, which indicates that he was likely not the first born son of his family, as mercenary nobles typically chose that life due to not being owed the family inheritance. The state of Byzantium in 1400 The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, had endured from 330 AD all the way to the fifteenth century. While it was originally a major power in the Eastern Mediterranean that outlasted many neighboring and competing empires, it had declined significantly in both influence and territory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos
Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos (; ) was the '' mesazon'' (chief minister) of the Emperors John VIII Palaiologos and his brother, Constantine XI. His colleague in the office as ''mesazon'' was Loukas Notaras. Demetrios first appears in history as one of the courtiers who advised John VIII to support the Ottoman prince Mustafa in his bid to seize control of the Ottoman Empire on the death of his brother Mehmet I in 1421. When Mehmet's son Murat emerged as the victor, he was selected as one of the envoys (the other two being Matthew Laskaris and Angelos Philomattes) to meet with Murat. The Sultan showed his annoyance that the Byzantines had supported his uncle by putting them in prison; none of them were released until the conclusion of a treaty between John VIII and Murat in February 1424. He played other prominent roles in diplomatic affairs as ''mesazon'' to the two emperors. He was a witness to John's treaties with the Republic of Venice in September 1423, May 1431, Octob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theophilos Palaiologos
Theophilos Palaiologos (; died 1453) was the cousin of emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos, or was at the very least of the Palaiologos family. Theophilos commanded Byzantine troops during the Fall of Constantinople. Known as a grammarist, humanist, and mathematician, Leonard of Chios says of him that Theophilus was 'of noble linage and deep scholarship'. The Greek historian and near contemporary of the fall of Constantinople Laonikos Chalkokondyles describes in book eight of his ''Histories'' Theophilos 'fighting in a manly way to the end', choosing to die rather than see his country and family in captivity. References 1453 deaths 15th-century Byzantine people 15th-century Byzantine military personnel Byzantines killed in battle Palaiologos dynasty, Theophilos Byzantine people of the Byzantine–Ottoman wars Fall of Constantinople {{Byzantine-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loukas Notaras
Loukas Notaras (; 5 April 1402 – 3 June 1453) was a Byzantine Greek statesman who served as the last '' megas doux'' or grand duke (commander-in-chief of the Byzantine navy) and the last '' mesazon'' (chief minister) of the Byzantine Empire, under emperors John VIII Palaiologos and Constantine XI Palaiologos. Biography Loukas Notaras was descended from a Greek family originally from Monemvasia; his earliest ancestor whom we can identify in the surviving sources was one ''sebastos'' Paul, who captured the island of Kythera from the Venetians for the Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos in 1270. Other members of the Notarades can be identified over the following decades. In the middle of the 14th century one branch relocated to Constantinople, where they rose to political and social prominence by supporting Andronikos IV Palaiologos, who was rebelling against his father John V Palaiologos, and then, after Andronikos's death, by supporting his son John VII Palaiologos.Klaus-Peter Matschk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine XI Palaiologos
Constantine XI Dragases Palaiologos or Dragaš Palaeologus (; 8 February 140429 May 1453) was the last reigning List of Byzantine emperors, Byzantine emperor from 23 January 1449 until his death in battle at the fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453. Constantine's death marked the definitive end of the Byzantine Empire, Eastern Roman Empire, which traced its origin to Constantine the Great's foundation of Constantinople as the Roman Empire's new capital in 330. Constantine was the fourth son of Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos and Serbs, Serbian noblewoman Helena Dragaš. Little is known of his early life, but from the 1420s onward, he repeatedly demonstrated great skill as a military general. Based on his career and surviving contemporary sources, Constantine appears to have been primarily a soldier. This does not mean that Constantine was not also a skilled administrator: he was trusted and favored to such an extent by his older brother, Emperor John VIII Palaiologos, that he w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
