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EIF4F
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) is a heterotrimeric protein complex that binds the 5' cap of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to promote eukaryotic translation initiation. The eIF4F complex is composed of three non-identical subunits: the DEAD-box RNA helicase eIF4A, the cap-binding protein eIF4E, and the large "scaffold" protein eIF4G. The mammalian eIF4F complex was first described in 1983, and has been a major area of study into the molecular mechanisms of cap-dependent translation initiation ever since. Function eIF4F is important for recruiting the small ribosomal subunit (40S) to the 5' cap of mRNAs during cap-dependent translation initiation. Components of the complex are also involved in cap-independent translation initiation; for instance, certain viral proteases cleave eIF4G to remove the eIF4E-binding region, thus inhibiting cap-dependent translation. Structure Structures of eIF4F components have been solved individually and as partial complexes by a variety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4EBP3
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4EBP3'' gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the EIF4EBP family which derives its name from proteins that bind to eukaryotic initiation factor 4E and that prevent its assembly into EIF4F. Co-transcription of this gene and the neighboring upstream gene (MASK) generates a transcript (MASK-BP3) which encodes a fusion protein composed of the MASK protein sequence for the majority of the protein and a different C-terminus due to an alternate reading frame for the EIF4EBP3 segments. Interactions EIF4EBP3 has been shown to interact with EIF4E Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, also known as eIF4E, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4E'' gene. Structure and function Most eukaryotic cellular mRNAs are blocked at their 5'-ends with the 7-methyl-guanosine fi .... References Further reading * * * * * {{refend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4A
The eukaryotic initiation factor-4A (eIF4A) family consists of 3 closely related proteins EIF4A1, EIF4A2, and EIF4A3. These factors are required for the binding of mRNA to 40S ribosomal subunits. In addition these proteins are helicases that function to unwind double-stranded RNA. Background The mechanisms governing the basic subsistence of eukaryotic cells are immensely complex; it is therefore unsurprising that regulation occurs at a number of stages of protein synthesis – the regulation of translation has become a well-studied field. Human translational control is of increasing research interest as it has connotations in a range of diseases. Orthologs of many of the factors involved in human translation are shared by a range of eukaryotic organisms; some of which are used as model systems for the investigation of translation initiation and elongation, for example: sea urchin eggs upon fertilization, rodent brain and rabbit reticulocytes. Monod and Jacob were among the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4A1
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I (also known as eIF4A1 or DDX2A) is a 46 kDa cytosolic protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ''EIF4A1'' gene, which is located on chromosome 17. It is the most prevalent member of the eIF4A family of ATP-dependant RNA helicases, and plays a critical role in the initiation of cap-dependent eukaryotic protein translation as a component of the eIF4F translation initiation complex. eIF4A1 unwinds the secondary structure of RNA within the 5'-UTR of mRNA, a critical step necessary for the recruitment of the 43S preinitiation complex, and thus the translation of protein in eukaryotes. It was first characterized in 1982 by Grifo, ''et al.'', who purified it from rabbit reticulocyte lysate. Background The regulation of the translation of mRNA transcripts into protein is one of the best ways that a cell can alter its response to its environment, as changes to the transcription of genes often takes considerably more time to be enacted. Protein trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4EBP2
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4EBP2'' gene. Animal studies EIF4EBP2 knockout mice have been used as an animal model of autism. Mice without the Eif4ebp2 gene exhibited autism-like symptoms, including poor social interaction, altered communication and repetitive behaviors. Knockout mice have high levels of Neuroligins. Interactions EIF4EBP2 has been shown to interact with EIF4E Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, also known as eIF4E, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4E'' gene. Structure and function Most eukaryotic cellular mRNAs are blocked at their 5'-ends with the 7-methyl-guanosine f .... References Further reading * * * * * * {{Gene-10-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4EBP1
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (also known as 4E-BP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4EBP1'' gene. Function This gene encodes one member of a family of translation repressor proteins. The protein directly interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), which is a limiting component of the multisubunit complex that recruits 40S ribosomal subunits to the 5' end of mRNAs. Interaction of this protein with eIF4E inhibits complex assembly and represses translation. This protein is phosphorylated in response to various signals including UV irradiation and insulin signaling, resulting in its dissociation from eIF4E and activation of cap-dependent mRNA translation. Interactions EIF4EBP1 has been shown to interact with: * EIF4E, * KIAA1303, and * Mammalian target of rapamycin The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), also referred to as the mechanistic target of rapamycin, and sometimes called FK506-binding pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4E3
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF4E3 gene. EIF4E3 belongs to the EIF4E family of translational initiation factors that interact with the 5-prime cap structure of mRNA and recruit mRNA to the ribosome. Model organisms Model organisms have been used in the study of EIF4E3 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called ''Eif4e3tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi'' was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists — at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Twenty four tests were carried out on mutant In biology, and especially in genetics, a mutant is an organism or a new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is generally an alterati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4E2
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4E2'' gene. It belongs to the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family. Interactions EIF4E2 has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with ARIH1. References Further reading * * * * * * * * * External links * {{gene-2-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIF4E1
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, also known as eIF4E, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4E'' gene. Structure and function Most eukaryotic cellular mRNAs are blocked at their 5'-ends with the 7-methyl-guanosine five-prime cap structure, m7GpppX (where X is any nucleotide). This structure is involved in several cellular processes including enhanced translational efficiency, splicing, mRNA stability, and RNA nuclear export. eIF4E is a eukaryotic translation initiation factor involved in directing ribosomes to the cap structure of mRNAs. It is a 24-kD polypeptide that exists as both a free form and as part of the eIF4F pre-initiation complex. Almost all cellular mRNA require eIF4E in order to be translated into protein. The eIF4E polypeptide is the rate-limiting component of the eukaryotic translation apparatus and is involved in the mRNA-ribosome binding step of eukaryotic protein synthesis. The other subunits of eIF4F are a 47-kD polypeptide, terme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rocaglamide
Rocaglamide is a natural product which belongs to a class of molecules called flavaglines. This compound was isolated in 1982 by King, Ming-Lu (金明儒) and colleagues based on its antileukemic activity. The name of Rocaglamide is named from two parts: Roc- and aglamide. Roc- means Republic of China(中華民國), the place in which this product isolated; aglamide indicates this product is isolated from Large-leaved Aglaia (Scientific name: Aglaia rimosa Rocaglamide was first synthesized by Barry Trost in 1990. Although other syntheses have been described since, Trost’s remains the only one to afford rocaglamide in an enantio-specific manner. See also * FL3 (flavagline) *Eukaryotic translation *eIF4A *Silvestrol Silvestrol is a natural product from the flavagline family, with a cyclopenta enzofuran core structure and an unusual dioxane ether side chain, which is found in the bark of trees from the genus ''Aglaia'', especially '' Aglaia silvestris'' and ' ... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hippuristanol
Hippuristanol is a small molecule found in the coral ''Isis hippuris'' which was discovered by Jerry Pelletier and others of McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It appears to have anti-viral activity and may hold promise as a cancer therapy. ''Scientific American'' March 13, 2006 Binds to and inhibits the eukaryotic protein . See also * |
PDCD4
Programmed cell death protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PDCD4'' gene. It is one of the targets of an oncomiR, MIRN21. Function This gene encodes a protein localized to the nucleus in proliferating cells. Expression of this gene is modulated by cytokines in natural killer and T cells. The gene product is thought to play a role in apoptosis but the specific role has not yet been determined. Two transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified. Interactions PDCD4 has been shown to interact with RPS13, ribosomal protein L5 60S ribosomal protein L5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RPL5'' gene. Function Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are ..., p62, LC3 and Ubiquitin References 9. Manirujjaman M, Ozaki I, Murata Y, Guo J, Xia J, Nishioka K, Perveen R,Takahashi H, Anzai K, Matsuhashi S (2020). "Degradation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
