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Endoflagella
A spirochaete () or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (), (synonym Spirochaetes) which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells. Spirochaetes are chemoheterotrophic in nature, with lengths between 3 and 500 μm and diameters around 0.09 to at least 3 μm. Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella, called endoflagella which are sometimes called ''axial filaments''. Endoflagella are anchored at each end (pole) of the bacterium within the periplasmic space (between the inner and outer membranes) where they project backwards to extend the length of the cell. These cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about. When reproducing, a spirochaete will undergo asexual transverse binary fission. Most spirochaetes are free-living and anaerobic, but there are numero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spirochete Cross Section
A spirochaete () or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (), (synonym Spirochaetes) which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells. Spirochaetes are chemoheterotrophic in nature, with lengths between 3 and 500 μm and diameters around 0.09 to at least 3 μm. Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella, called endoflagella which are sometimes called ''axial filaments''. Endoflagella are anchored at each end (pole) of the bacterium within the periplasmic space (between the inner and outer membranes) where they project backwards to extend the length of the cell. These cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about. When reproducing, a spirochaete will undergo asexual transverse binary fission. Most spirochaetes are free-living and anaerobic, but there are numero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endoflagella Components
A spirochaete () American and British English spelling differences#ae and oe, or spirochete is a member of the phylum (biology), phylum Spirochaetota (), (synonym Spirochaetes) which contains distinctive diderm bacteria, diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, spiral bacteria, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells. Spirochaetes are chemoheterotrophic in nature, with lengths between 3 and 500 μm and diameters around 0.09 to at least 3 μm. Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagellum, flagella, called endoflagella which are sometimes called ''axial filaments''. Endoflagella are anchored at each end (pole) of the bacterium within the periplasmic space (between the inner and outer membranes) where they project backwards to extend the length of the cell. These cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about. When reproducing, a spirochae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagellum
A flagellum (; ) is a hairlike appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are termed as flagellates. A microorganism may have from one to many flagella. A gram-negative bacterium ''Helicobacter pylori'' for example uses its multiple flagella to propel itself through the mucus lining to reach the stomach epithelium, where it may cause a gastric ulcer to develop. In some bacteria the flagellum can also function as a sensory organelle, being sensitive to wetness outside the cell. Across the three domains of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota the flagellum has a different structure, protein composition, and mechanism of propulsion but shares the same function of providing motility. The Latin word means " whip" to describe its lash-like swimming motion. The flagellum in archaea is called the archaellum to note its difference from the bacterial flagellum. Eukaryotic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptospira
''Leptospira'' ( grc, leptos, italics=yes, 'fine, thin' and la, spira, links=no, 'coil') is a genus of spirochaete bacteria, including a small number of pathogenic and saprophytic species. ''Leptospira'' was first observed in 1907 in kidney tissue slices of a leptospirosis victim who was described as having died of "yellow fever". Taxonomy ''Leptospira'', together with the genera ''Leptonema'' and ''Turneria'', is a member of the family Leptospiraceae. The genus ''Leptospira'' is divided into 20 species based on DNA hybridization studies. Pathogenic ''Leptospira'' :''Leptospira alstonii'' Smythe et al. 2013 ''Leptospira alstoni''" Haake et al. 1993:''Leptospira interrogans'' (Stimson 1907) Wenyon 1926 emend. Faine and Stallman 1982 ["''Spirochaeta interrogans''" Stimson 1907; "''Spirochaeta nodosa''" Hubener & Reiter 1916; "''Spirochaeta icterohaemorrhagiae''" Inada et al. 1916; "''Spirochaeta icterogenes''" Uhlenhuth & Fromme 1916; "''Leptospira icteroides''" Noguchi 1919 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binary Fission
Binary may refer to: Science and technology Mathematics * Binary number, a representation of numbers using only two digits (0 and 1) * Binary function, a function that takes two arguments * Binary operation, a mathematical operation that takes two arguments * Binary relation, a relation involving two elements * Binary-coded decimal, a method for encoding for decimal digits in binary sequences * Finger binary, a system for counting in binary numbers on the fingers of human hands Computing * Binary code, the digital representation of text and data * Bit, or binary digit, the basic unit of information in computers * Binary file, composed of something other than human-readable text ** Executable, a type of binary file that contains machine code for the computer to execute * Binary tree, a computer tree data structure in which each node has at most two children Astronomy * Binary star, a star system with two stars in it * Binary planet, two planetary bodies of comparable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia Recurrentis
''Borrelia recurrentis'' is a species of ''Borrelia'', a spirochaete bacterium associated with relapsing fever. ''B. recurrentis'' is usually transmitted from person to person by the human body louse The body louse (''Pediculus humanus humanus'', also known as ''Pediculus humanus corporis'') is a hematophagic ectoparasite louse that infests humans. It is one of three lice which infest humans, the other two being the head louse, and the c .... Since the 1800s, the body louse has been known as its only known vector. ''B. recurrentis'' DNA was found in 23% of head lice from patients with louse-borne relapsing fever in Ethiopia. Whether head lice can transmit these bacteria from one person to another remains to be determined. It is notable for its ability to alter the proteins expressed on its surface, which causes the "relapsing" characteristic of relapsing fever. References recurrentis {{spirochaetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia Lusitaniae
''Borrelia lusitaniae'' is a bacterium of the spirochete class of the genus'' Borrelia'', which has a diderm (double-membrane) envelope. It is a part of the ''Borrelia burgdorferi'' ''sensu lato'' genospecies and is a Gram-negative bacterium. ''B. lusitaniae'' is tick-borne; he type strain is PotiB2. It can be pathogenic, being involved in cases of Lyme borreliosis. A species of tick, ''Ixodes ricinus'', is the host of ''B. lusitaniae''. It is thought to have originated from Portugal and has since spread to parts of Europe and North Africa. Lizards of the family Lacertidae are now believed to be important reservoir hosts of this bacterium. Origin and distribution While ''B. lusitaniae'' is distributed throughout countries in Europe and North Africa, it is the sole species of the Lyme borreliosis group in southern Portugal. Lizards of the family Lacertidae are believed to be important reservoir hosts of ''B. lusitaniae''. They were first isolated in Portugal in 1993. These lizar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia Spielmanii
''Borrelia spielmanii'' is a spirochete bacterium; it routinely infects ''Ixodes ricinus'', and subsequently humans, causing Lyme disease Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a vector-borne disease caused by the ''Borrelia'' bacterium, which is spread by ticks in the genus ''Ixodes''. The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migran ....Földvári, Gábor, Róbert Farkas, and András Lakos. "Borrelia spielmanii erythema migrans, Hungary." Emerging infectious diseases 11.11 (2005): 1794. References Further reading * * * External linksNCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia* spielmanii Bacteria described in 2006 {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia Afzelii
''Borrelia afzelii'' is a species of ''Borrelia'' a bacterium that can infect various species of vertebrates and invertebrates. Among 30 ''Borrelia'' known species, it is one of four which are likely to infect humans causing a variant of Lyme disease. Coinfection by this ''Borrelia'' species with one or more pathogens can occur, carried by the vector, which appears to be in most cases the tick. It is named after Swedish dermatologist Arvid Afzelius. See also * Lyme disease Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a vector-borne disease caused by the ''Borrelia'' bacterium, which is spread by ticks in the genus ''Ixodes''. The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migran ... References Further reading * External links Type strain of ''Borrelia afzelii'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Lyme disease afzelii Bacteria described in 1994 {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia Garinii
''Borrelia garinii'' is a spirochete bacterium in the genus ''Borrelia ''Borrelia'' is a genus of bacteria of the spirochete phylum. Several species cause Lyme disease, also called Lyme borreliosis, a zoonotic, vector-borne disease transmitted by ticks. Other species of ''Borrelia'' cause relapsing fever, and are tr ...''. References Further reading * External links NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia Bissettii
''Borrelia bissettiae'' (formerly B. bissettii, before renaming in 2019) is a spirochete bacterium. The type strain is strain DN127. It is pathogenic and causes Lyme borreliosis in the Americas and Eurasia. See also *Lyme disease microbiology Lyme disease, or borreliosis, is caused by spirochetal bacteria from the genus '' Borrelia'', which has 52 known species. Three main species (''Borrelia garinii'', ''Borrelia afzelii'', and ''Borrelia burgdorferi s.s.'') are the main causative ag ... References Further reading * * External links NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia*Type strain of ''Borrelia bissettii'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase bissettii Bacteria described in 1998 {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borrelia Mayonii
''Borrelia mayonii'' is a Gram-negative, host-associated spirochete that is capable of causing Lyme disease. This organism can infect various vertebrate and invertebrate hosts such as humans and ticks, primarily ''Ixodes scapularis''. Migratory songbirds play a role in the dispersal of the tick vector, ''Ixodes scapularis'', across long distances, indirectly dispersing ''Borrelia mayonii'' as well. Phylogenetic information ''Borrelia mayonii'' was identified as a ''sensu lato'' (broad sense), genospecies (Bbsl) of the known microbe, ''Borrelia burgdorferi''. A genospecies is a cluster of organisms with similar core genes that usually does not undergo genetic recombination with diverged organisms. Two isolates, gene strains, of ''B. mayonii'', named MN14-1420 and MN14-1539, were sequenced, process of arranging a chain of genetic information to match up to a specific organism's genetic code, and compared to the genome or genetic material of ''Borrelia burgdorferi''. With a n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
