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Data Mapper Pattern
In software engineering, the data mapper pattern is an architectural pattern. It was named by Martin Fowler in his 2003 book ''Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture''. The interface of an object conforming to this pattern would include functions such as Create, Read, Update, and Delete, that operate on objects that represent domain entity types in a data store. A Data Mapper is a Data Access Layer that performs bidirectional transfer of data between a persistent data store (often a relational database) and an in-memory data representation (the domain layer). The goal of the pattern is to keep the in-memory representation and the persistent data store independent of each other and the data mapper itself. This is useful when one needs to model and enforce strict business processes on the data in the domain layer that do not map neatly to the persistent data store. The layer is composed of one or more mappers (or Data Access Object In software, a data access object (DAO) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Software Engineering
Software engineering is a branch of both computer science and engineering focused on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining Application software, software applications. It involves applying engineering design process, engineering principles and computer programming expertise to develop software systems that meet user needs. The terms ''programmer'' and ''coder'' overlap ''software engineer'', but they imply only the construction aspect of a typical software engineer workload. A software engineer applies a software development process, which involves defining, Implementation, implementing, Software testing, testing, Project management, managing, and Software maintenance, maintaining software systems, as well as developing the software development process itself. History Beginning in the 1960s, software engineering was recognized as a separate field of engineering. The development of software engineering was seen as a struggle. Problems included software that was over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architectural Pattern (computer Science)
Software architecture pattern is a reusable, proven solution to a specific, recurring problem focused on architectural design challenges, which can be applied within various architectural styles. Examples Some examples of architectural patterns: * Publish–subscribe pattern * Message broker See also * List of software architecture styles and patterns * Process Driven Messaging Service * Enterprise architecture Enterprise architecture (EA) is a business function concerned with the structures and behaviours of a business, especially business roles and processes that create and use business data. The international definition according to the Federation of ... * Common layers in an information system logical architecture References Bibliography * * * {{Design Patterns patterns Software design patterns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Fowler (software Engineer)
Martin Fowler (18 December 1963) is a British software developer, author and international public speaker on software development, specialising in object-oriented analysis and design, UML, patterns, and agile software development methodologies, including extreme programming. His 1999 book ''Refactoring'' popularised the practice of code refactoring. In 2004 he introduced a new architectural pattern, called Presentation Model (PM). Biography Fowler was born and grew up in Walsall, England, where he went to Queen Mary's Grammar School for his secondary education. He graduated at University College London in 1986. In 1994, he moved to the United States, where he lives near Boston, Massachusetts in the suburb of Melrose.Martin Fowler at martinfowler.com. Retrieved 2012-11-15. Fowler started working with software in the early 1980s. Out of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Access Layer
A data access layer (DAL) in computer software is a layer of a computer program which provides simplified access to data stored in persistent storage of some kind, such as an entity-relational database. This acronym is prevalently used in Microsoft environments. For example, the DAL might return a reference to an object (in terms of object-oriented programming) complete with its attributes instead of a row of fields from a database table. This allows the client (or user) modules to be created with a higher level of abstraction Abstraction is a process where general rules and concepts are derived from the use and classifying of specific examples, literal (reality, real or Abstract and concrete, concrete) signifiers, first principles, or other methods. "An abstraction" .... This kind of model could be implemented by creating a class of data access methods that directly reference a corresponding set of database stored procedures. Another implementation could potentially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Relational Database
A relational database (RDB) is a database based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970. A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns. Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database. History The concept of relational database was defined by E. F. Codd at IBM in 1970. Codd introduced the term ''relational'' in his research paper "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks". In this paper and later papers, he defined what he meant by ''relation''. One well-known definition of what constitutes a relational database system is composed of Codd's 12 rules. However, no commercial implementations of the relational model conform to all of Codd's rules, so the term has gradually come to describe a broader class of database systems, which at a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Access Object
In software, a data access object (DAO) is a pattern that provides an abstract interface to some type of database or other persistence mechanism. By mapping application calls to the persistence layer, the DAO provides data operations without exposing database details. This isolation supports the single responsibility principle. It separates the data access the application needs, in terms of domain-specific objects and data types (the DAO's public interface), from how these needs can be satisfied with a specific DBMS (the implementation of the DAO). Although this design pattern is applicable to most programming languages, most software with persistence needs, and most databases, it is traditionally associated with Java EE applications and with relational databases (accessed via the JDBC API because of its origin in Sun Microsystems' best practice guidelines "Core J2EE Patterns". This object can be found in the Data Access layer of the 3-Tier Architecture. There are various ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Software Framework
In computer programming, a software framework is a software abstraction that provides generic functionality which developers can extend with custom code to create applications. It establishes a standard foundation for building and deploying software, offering reusable components and design patterns that handle common programming tasks within a larger software platform or environment. Unlike libraries where developers call functions as needed, frameworks implement inversion of control by dictating program structure and calling user code at specific points, while also providing default behaviors, structured extensibility mechanisms, and maintaining a fixed core that accepts extensions without direct modification. Frameworks also differ from regular applications that can be modified (like web browsers through extensions, video games through mods), in that frameworks are intentionally incomplete scaffolding meant to be extended through well-defined extension points and followin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MyBatis
MyBatis is a Java persistence framework that couples objects with stored procedures or SQL statements using an XML descriptor or annotations. MyBatis is free software that is distributed under the Apache License 2.0. MyBatis is a fork of iBATIS 3.0 and is maintained by a team that includes the original creators of iBATIS. Feature summary Unlike ORM frameworks, MyBatis does not map Java objects to database tables but Java methods to SQL statements. MyBatis lets you use all your database functionality like stored procedures, views, queries of any complexity and vendor proprietary features. It is often a good choice for legacy or de-normalized databases or to obtain full control of SQL execution. It simplifies coding compared to JDBC. SQL statements are executed with a single line. MyBatis provides a mapping engine that maps SQL results to object trees in a declarative way. SQL statements can be built dynamically by using a built-in language with XML-like syntax or with Apach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hibernate (framework)
Hibernate ORM (or simply Hibernate) is an object–relational mapping tool for the Java programming language. It provides a framework for mapping an object-oriented domain model to a relational database. Hibernate handles object–relational impedance mismatch problems by replacing direct, persistent database accesses with high-level object handling functions. Hibernate is free software that is distributed under the Apache License. Versions prior to 7.0.0.Beta4 were distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License 2.1. Hibernate's primary feature is mapping from Java classes to database tables, and mapping from Java data types to SQL data types. Hibernate also provides data query and retrieval facilities. It generates SQL calls and relieves the developer from the manual handling and object conversion of the result set. Mapping The mapping of Java classes to database tables is implemented by the configuration of an XML file or by using Java Annotations. When using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NHibernate
NHibernate is a port of the Hibernate object–relational mapping (ORM) framework for the Microsoft .NET platform. It provides a framework for mapping an object-oriented domain model to a traditional relational database. It is used to map an object-oriented domain model to a relational database, aiming to reduce the amount of manual coding required for data persistence. NHibernate is free and open-source software, distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License. Feature summary NHibernate's primary feature is mapping from .NET classes to database tables (and from CLR data types to SQL data types). NHibernate provides data query and retrieval tools. It generates the SQL commands and removes the need of manual data set handling and object conversion, keeping the application portable to most SQL databases, with database portability delivered at very little performance overhead. NHibernate provides transparent persistence for Plain Old CLR Objects (POCOs). The only s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doctrine (PHP)
The Doctrine Project (or Doctrine) is a set of PHP libraries primarily focused on providing persistence services and related functionality. Its most commonly known projects are the object–relational mapper (ORM) and the database abstraction layer it is built on top of. One of Doctrine's key features is the option to write database queries in Doctrine Query Language (DQL), an object-oriented dialect of SQL. Developers of two major PHP frameworks, Symfony and Laminas have official out-of-the-box support for Doctrine, while 3rd party Doctrine packages are available for Laravel, CodeIgniter and others. Usage demonstration Entities in Doctrine 2 are lightweight PHP Objects that contain persistable properties. A persistable property is an instance variable of the entity that is saved into and retrieved from the database by Doctrine's data mapping capabilities via the Entity Manager - an implementation of the data mapper pattern: $user = new User(); $user->name = "john2"; $u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GitHub
GitHub () is a Proprietary software, proprietary developer platform that allows developers to create, store, manage, and share their code. It uses Git to provide distributed version control and GitHub itself provides access control, bug tracking system, bug tracking, software feature requests, task management, continuous integration, and wikis for every project. Headquartered in California, GitHub, Inc. has been a subsidiary of Microsoft since 2018. It is commonly used to host open source software development projects. GitHub reported having over 100 million developers and more than 420 million Repository (version control), repositories, including at least 28 million public repositories. It is the world's largest source code host Over five billion developer contributions were made to more than 500 million open source projects in 2024. About Founding The development of the GitHub platform began on October 19, 2005. The site was launched in April 2008 by Tom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
